<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phylogeographical Variation of Chloroplast DNA in Cork Oak (Quercus suber)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Annals of Botany</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Submitted</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">96</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">853-861</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">• Background and Aims In the last decades, the geographical location of the centre of origin of Quercus suber (cork oak), a strictly western Mediterranean oak species, has been the subject of controversy.• Methods RFLP variation over the whole chloroplast DNA molecule and PCR–RFLPs over seven specific cpDNA fragments were analysed phylogeographically to reconstruct the evolutionary history of cork oak.• Key Results Nine chlorotypes of the ‘suber’ cpDNA lineage were identified throughout the species range. Using closely related Mediterranean oak species as outgroup, the chlorotypes showed a clear phylogeographical pattern of three groups corresponding to potential glacial refuges in Italy, North Africa and Iberia. The most ancestral and recent groups were observed in populations located in the eastern and western parts of the species range, respectively. Several unrelated chlorotypes of the ‘ilex’ cpDNA lineage were also identified in specific western areas.• Conclusions The results support a Middle-Eastern or a central Mediterranean origin for cork oak with subsequent westward colonization during the Tertiary Period, and suggest that the ‘ilex’ chlorotype variation does not reflect entirely cytoplasmic introgression by Q. ilex but originated partly in Q. suber.</style></abstract><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10.1093/aob/mci237</style></notes><research-notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10.1093/aob/mci237</style></research-notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Toumi, Lamjed</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lumaret, Roselyne</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genetic variation and evolutionary history of holly oak: a circum-Mediterranean species-complex [Quercus coccifera L./Q. calliprinos (Webb) Holmboe, Fagaceae]</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant Systematics and Evolution</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Allozyme variation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evergreen Mediterranean oaks</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evolutionary history</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morphotype variation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus coccifera L./Q. calliprinos (Webb) Holmboe</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.springerlink.com/index/10.1007/s00606-010-0358-2</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">290</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">159 - 171</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Holly oak is the only evergreen oak possessing a circum-Mediterranean range; it has two predominant morphological forms, calliprinos and coccifera, described in the eastern and western Mediterranean Basin respectively. The concordance of allozyme and morphotype variation was analysed in the whole holly oak range, and the most plausible historical events responsible for the current geographic pattern of genetic variation were investigated. Individuals from 24 populations were scored for allozyme variation at seven polymorphic loci. Multilocus genotypes were analysed by using a correspondence analysis (CA) and a Bayesian clustering approach. The relative positions of the populations were obtained from multi-dimensional scaling coupled with UPGMA treatment. A continuous genotype distribution was observed in the CA, and two groups were identiﬁed using the Bayesian approach. With a 0.95 threshold, 66 and 69% of the individuals showing the calliprinos and the coccifera morphotypes respectively were assigned to the corresponding genetic groups, which differed by private alleles. As compared to coccifera, the genetic group calliprinos was characterized by higher allelic richness and a strong geographical genetic structure. In agreement with fossil records, the most parsimonious explanation for lack of geographical structure in coccifera is a substantial regression of holly oak in the western Mediterranean Basin during the glaciations and a fast westward post-glacial expansion of coccifera populations, probably from Greece. Two population groups were obtained from the scaling/ UPGMA treatment. One included all of the calliprinos populations and a Greek coccifera population, suggesting that the two morphotypes are closely related genetically and constitute two components of the same species.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1-4</style></issue></record></records></xml>