<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Azcárate, Francisco M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seoane, Javier</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Castro, Sara</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peco, Begoña</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Drove roads: Keystone structures that promote ant diversity in Mediterranean forest landscapes</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acta Oecologica</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ant assemblages</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">functional diversity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grasslands</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">spatial heterogeneity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Transhumance</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1146609X13000611</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">49</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">107 - 115</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abstract Drove roads are the traditional corridors used by pastoralists for seasonal movements of livestock (transhumance). They cover a considerable land area in Mediterranean countries and, although they are an obvious source of landscape diversity, their influence on the diversity and composition of animal assemblages has not been documented. Ant communities were studied on four active drove roads, two in forests (submediterranean and conifer) and two in open environments (croplands and rangelands). They were compared with the respective matrix communities and their contribution to local species richness was evaluated. The effects were heavily dependent on the open or closed nature of the matrix. In forest environments, drove roads increased ant species richness at the local scale, acting as clear keystone structures. Their species richness and functional diversity were highest on the fine scale, species composition was different, and a slight edge effect in the matrix was detected. In contrast, drove roads had little or even a negative effect in open environment locations. We conclude that drove roads have a high conservation value for ants in Mediterranean forest environments, in addition to their importance as reservoirs of plant biodiversity and generators of ecological goods and services.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Azcárate, Francisco M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Robleño, Irene</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seoane, Javier</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Manzano, Pablo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peco, Begoña</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hölzel, Norbert</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Drove roads as local biodiversity reservoirs: effects on landscape pattern and plant communities in a Mediterranean region</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Applied Vegetation Science</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">extensive grazing</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">functional diversity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">functional traits</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">landscape heterogeneity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Transhumance</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/avsc.12003</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">n/a - n/a</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Question: What are the effects of traditional drove roads on landscape pattern and plant communities? Location: Madrid Autonomous Region, Central Spain. Methods: We selected four study localities in different landscape units. Within each locality, we selected eight sites and within each site, we established three 1-ha plots, each corresponding to one of three situations: drove road, adjacent matrix or distant matrix. The landscape pattern of each plot was characterized by the cover of the different patch types, the patch type richness ha 1 and the patch type evenness ha 1 . At one site per locality, we also recorded vegetation by randomly distributing twenty 20 cm 9 20 cm quadrats per plot. We characterized each quadrat by its species richness, plant species composition and plant functional composition. We also analysed species richness by constructing rarefaction curves for each plot. Results: In the localities situated in croplands, sub-mediterranean forests and coniferous forests, drove roads were found to be an important source of spatial heterogeneity and a reservoir for a large number of plant species. In contrast, drove roads did not differ from the matrix habitats in rangelands, suggesting that the processes shaping drove road vegetation are similar to the general processes that shape grazed systems. Drove roads did not imply a signiﬁcant increase in functional diversity. Our results were heavily scale-dependent: while drove roads provided heterogeneity at the local scale, they showed a remarkable similarity at the large scale. Conclusions: Drove roads act as authentic local biodiversity reservoirs, especially in environments with low grazing levels. At the same time, drove roads imply structural and functional continuity on a large scale, increasing potential connectivity at the regional level. We recommend the preservation of drove roads in a functional state, because of their beneﬁts to plant biodiversity conservation, and claim that these beneﬁts should be considered when designing livestock policies with different intensiﬁcation scenarios.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue></record></records></xml>