<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rabasa, Sonia G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Granda, Elena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Benavides, Raquel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kunstler, Georges</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Espelta, Josep M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ogaya, Romà</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Penuelas, Josep</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scherer-Lorenzen, Michael</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gil, Wojciech</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grodzki, Wojciech</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ambrozy, Slawomir</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bergh, Johan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hódar, José a</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zamora, Regino</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valladares, Fernando</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Disparity in elevational shifts of European trees in response to recent climate warming</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">altitudinal gradient</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">climate change</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">FOREST</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">generalized additive models</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Species distribution</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WILEY-BLACKWELL</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">19</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2490-2499</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Predicting climate-driven changes in plant distribution is crucial for biodiversity conservation and management under recent climate change. Climate warming is expected to induce movement of species upslope and towards higher latitudes. However, the mechanisms and physiological processes behind the altitudinal and latitudinal distribution range of a tree species are complex and depend on each tree species features and vary over ontogenetic stages. We investigated the altitudinal distribution differences between juvenile and adult individuals of seven major European tree species along elevational transects covering a wide latitudinal range from southern Spain (37 degrees N) to northern Sweden (67 degrees N). By comparing juvenile and adult distributions (shifts on the optimum position and the range limits) we assessed the response of species to present climate conditions in relation to previous conditions that prevailed when adults were established. Mean temperature increased by 0.86 degrees C on average at our sites during the last decade compared with previous 30-year period. Only one of the species studied, Abies alba, matched the expected predictions under the observed warming, with a maximum abundance of juveniles at higher altitudes than adults. Three species, Fagus sylvatica, Picea abies and Pinus sylvestris, showed an opposite pattern while for other three species, such as Quercus ilex, Acer pseudoplatanus and Q. petraea, we were no able to detect changes in distribution. These findings are in contrast with theoretical predictions and show that tree responses to climate change are complex and are obscured not only by other environmental factors but also by internal processes related to ontogeny and demography.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Baraza, Elena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zamora, Regino</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hódar, José a</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Species-Specific Responses of Tree Saplings to Herbivory in Contrasting Light Environments: An Experimental Approach</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecoscience</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ainsi</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">analyser</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">arbres ressort comme un</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">clipping</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">compensation capacity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">d</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">élément clé</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">espèces</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">espèces coexistantes d</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">herbivorie interagissent pour modeler</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">herbivorie sont 2 facteurs</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">la</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">la disponibilité de la</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">la façon dont la</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">le but de ce</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">light availability</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ligneuses</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">lumière et l</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">performance des gaules d</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">principaux influençant la régénération</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">regeneration niche</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">résumé</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">sapling</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">travail est d</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">une meilleure compréhension de</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.2980/17-2-3286</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">156 - 165</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Light availability and herbivory are 2 major factors affecting the regeneration of woody species, and thus a better perception of how light and herbivory interact to shape the sapling performance of cohabitant tree species emerges as a key issue. The purpose of this work is to experimentally analyze the influence of light conditions on tree responses to browsing. We evaluated the responses to browsing (simulated by mechanical clipping of 50% of current-year shoots) of saplings from 2 deciduous (Acer opalus ssp. granatense and Quercus pyrenaica) and 2 evergreen (Quercus ilex and Pinus nigra ssp. salzmannii) late-successional tree species, measuring an array of morphological, physiological, and biochemical traits. The experiment was performed with saplings grown for 2 y under 3 experimental light environments emulating natural microhabitats: full (open microhabitats), 80% (below pioneer shrub canopy), and 13% (below tree canopy) sunlight. Clipping affected biomass distribution, growth, and sapling size, while only slight physiological and biochemical effects were detected. Species characteristics and the light environment in which saplings grow determine their capacity to recover biomass lost after herbivore damage. Black pine was found to be the least tolerant species to clipping, whereas the broadleaf species displayed greater recovery after clipping. Light scarcity increased the nutritional quality of plants and negatively affected herbivory tolerance of 3 of the 4 species.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue></record></records></xml>