<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alessio, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anselmi, S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Conforto, L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Improta, S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Manes, F.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Manfra, L.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Radiocarbon as a biomarker of urban pollution in leaves of evergreen species sampled in Rome and in rural areas (Lazio—Central Italy)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Atmospheric Environment</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">air quality</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">carbon isotopes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">co 2</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">lead</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">photosynthesis</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2002</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2002///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1352231002004090</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">36</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5405 - 5416</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The aim of the present study is the use of 14 C, sampled in leaves of evergreen species, as a natural geochemical marker to estimate the contribution of artiﬁcial sources (heating plants, vehicles, etc.) to the complex of atmospheric gases in an urban environment. Leaves were chosen due to sampling easiness and their reliability: in particular the evergreen species, being exposed all the year round to pollutants are especially indicated for bioindication and biomonitoring studies. The response to atmospheric pollutants has been studied of two plant species (Quercus ilex L., Pinus pinea L.) measuring isotopic ( 14 r, d 13 C), chemical (Pb concentration) and ecophysiological (gaseous exchange and leaf ﬂuorescence of chlorophyll a) parameters. Leaves of holm-oaks and stone pine needles collected over a 3-year time span in an urban park in Rome (Villa Ada) and in reference localities outside the city on the Tyrrhenian coast and in the preAppennine area have been analysed. In Villa Ada measurements were carried out along a transect from the road bordering the park towards the interior; all the parameters, together in agreement, showed a decreasing pollution gradient towards the inner park. It was possible to estimate a 5.570.3% contribution of CO2 from fossil fuels close to the road, decreasing to 1.770.3% at o300 m from it towards the inner park. The isotopic analyses conducted on stone pines and holm-oaks show that 14 C provides indications on the degree of pollution from fossil fuels, while d 13 C appears to be conditioned mainly by the interspeciﬁc difference, and also by many other environmental factors that affect the plant functionality. Results conﬁrmed that radiocarbon is a useful tool in environmental studies, allowing to quantify the contributions of CO2 of anthropic origin: this parameter, together with appropriate isotopic, chemicaland ecophysiological analyses, could provide a good indication of the ‘‘air quality’’ in urban and rural contexts.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">34</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>47</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Giannini, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anselmi, S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Melini, S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Allegrini, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Manes, F.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Metropolitan area of Rome: an integrated vegetation study by remote sensing and field data</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Remote Sensing and Data Fusion over Urban Areas, IEEE/ISPRS Joint Workshop 2001</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Environmental stresses</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">metropolitan area</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">multiscale approach</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vegetation</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2001</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2001///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">299 - 303</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">VO -</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The objective of this work is to assess the impact of environmental stresses, both natural (water stress, due to summer dryness typical of the Mediterranean climate) and anthropogenic (atmospheric pollution), on the vegetation in sites of great naturalistic value and under strong anthropic pressure in the Rome metropolitan area. The species &lt;e1&gt;Q&lt;/e1&gt;uercus ilex L&lt;e1&gt;.&lt;/e1&gt; (holm oak), an evergreen oak, has been studied through ecophysiological measurements performed in the field and Landsat TM images relating to the Rome metropolitan area. The results obtained show a greater degree of structural and functional alteration in individual holm oaks within the urban area compared with those in the protected areas outside of the central zone. In particular, in 1993 the main stress factor for vegetation is attributable to climatic conditions, whereas in 1998 ozone atmospheric concentration caused an evident alteration of the parameters studied</style></abstract><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;periodical: Remote Sensing and Data Fusion over Urban Areas, IEEE/ISPRS Joint Workshop 2001</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anselmi, S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Giannini, M. A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Allegrini, I.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Manes, F.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Urban Green and Atmospheric Pollution: A Biomonitoring Study on Leaves of Quercus Ilex L.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Giornale botanico italiano</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">air quality</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">atmospheric pollution</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">leaf functional conditions</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus ilex (PG)</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1996</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1996///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/11263509609439723</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">130</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">doi: 10.1080/11263509609439723doi: 10.1080/11263509609439723The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;publisher: Taylor &amp; Francis</style></notes></record></records></xml>