<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Baldantoni, Daniela</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">De Nicola, Flavia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alfani, Anna</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Air biomonitoring of heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons near a cement plant</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION RESEARCH</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">industrial-urban-remote areas</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">leaf accumulation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Olea europaea L.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus ilex L.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.atmospolres.com/articles/Volume5/issue2/APR-14-032.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">262 - 269</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biomonitoring studies, based on pollutant accumulation analyses in tree leaves, allow evaluating the impact caused by air-dispersed pollutants on ecosystems, providing useful data, complementary to those obtained by instrumental monitoring. In particular, leaves of sclerophylls present morphological characteristics, such as the presence of hairs and of a tick cuticle, making them particularly useful in bioaccumulation studies. The first aim of this research was to compare heavy metal (HM) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) leaf accumulation capabilities of two Mediterranean tree species. The second aim was to evaluate the impact of a cement plant and/ or of other anthropogenic activities occurring in industrial and urban areas on HM and PAH depositions. For these purposes, holm oak (Quercus ilex L.) and olive (Olea europaea L.) leaves collected along a transect industrial-urban-remote sites in southern Italy were employed. A different accumulation degree was observed for the two species. For HMs, Q. ilex leaves had the highest concentrations. The results showed that the influence of the cement plant emissions on pollutant concentrations was substantial in the area closer to clinker production and storage with the highest Pb, Ni, V, Cr, Fe, indeno(1,2,3-c, d) pyrene, benzo(g, h, i) perylene and benzo(a) anthracene leaf concentrations. However, Q. ilex leaves showed high HM and PAH concentrations also in the urban site, in relation to vehicular traffic emissions and depositions. The comparison of the results of the present study with those from the literature indicates that the overall air quality of the studied sites is not particularly compromised, also in proximity of the cement production. The use of holm oak should be preferred in biomonitoring due to its wider distribution compared to O. europaea.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;pub-location: DOKUZ EYLUL UNIV, DEPT ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING, TINAZTEPE CAMPUS, BUCA, IZMIR 35160, TURKEY&lt;br/&gt;publisher: TURKISH NATL COMMITTEE AIR POLLUTION RES &amp; CONTROL-TUNCAP</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">De Nicola, Flavia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Murena, Fabio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Costagliola, M. Antonietta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alfani, Anna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Baldantoni, Daniela</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prati, M. Vittoria</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sessa, Ludovica</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spagnuolo, Valeria</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Giordano, Simonetta</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A multi-approach monitoring of particulate matter, metals and PAHs in an urban street canyon</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Holm oak leaves</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">metals</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moss bags</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Naples urban area</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PAHs</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pollutant dispersion model</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">20</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4969 - 4979</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">For the first time until now, the results from a prediction model (Atmospheric Dispersion Modelling System (ADMS)-Road) of pollutant dispersion in a street canyon were compared to the results obtained from biomonitors. In particular, the instrumental monitoring of particulate matter (PM10) and the biomonitoring of 14 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and 11 metals by Quercus ilex leaves and Hypnum cupressiforme moss bags, acting as long- and short-term accumulators, respectively, were carried out. For both PAHs and metals, similar bioaccumulation trends were observed, with higher concentrations in biomonitors exposed at the leeward canyon side, affected by primary air vortex. The major pollutant accumulation at the leeward side was also predicted by the ADMS-Road model, on the basis of the prevailing wind direction that determines different exposure of the street canyon sides to pollutants emitted by vehicular traffic. A clear vertical (3, 6 and 9 m) distribution gradient of pollutants was not observed, so that both the model and biomonitoring results suggested that local air turbulences in the street canyon could contribute to uniform pollutant distribution at different heights.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;pub-location: TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY&lt;br/&gt;publisher: SPRINGER HEIDELBERG</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Baldantoni, Daniela</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bellino, Alessandro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Manes, Fausto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alfani, Anna</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ozone fumigation of Quercus ilex L. slows down leaf litter decomposition with no detectable change in leaf composition</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ANNALS OF FOREST SCIENCE</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">decomposition</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leaf chemistry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Litter bags and mesocosms</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">70</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">571 - 578</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The evaluation of changes in litter decomposition rate due to increasing trend in tropospheric ozone is an emerging field of investigation, providing relevant information on long-term forest ecosystem sustainability. This research aims to clarify the effects of ozone exposure on Quercus ilex leaf chemical composition and decomposition slow down. Young plants were fumigated in growth chambers at a cumulative dose of 17.15 ppm h. To assess the fumigation effectiveness, stomatal conductance and net photosynthesis were monitored. Leaves were analysed for C, N, S, Ca, Mg, K, Fe, Zn, Mn, total soluble sugars, starch, acid-detergent fibre (ADF), lignin and cellulose prior to the incubation in litter bags in mesocosms, and during decomposition along 395 days. Ozone-exposed leaves showed a significant reduction in net photosynthesis and stomatal conductance but did not differ from control leaves in all the chemical parameters analysed. Nevertheless, leaf decomposition rate was lower in treated leaves. The main differences between the models describing the mass loss in exposed and control leaves were played by ADF for exposed leaves and by lignin for control leaves, as well as by N, that showed a greater contribution in the model for the exposed leaves. Ozone fumigation of Q. ilex results in leaf litter decomposition slowing down, mainly due to ADF joint dynamics with the other variables describing mass decay, even if no detectable changes in initial leaf composition occur.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;pub-location: 22 RUE DE PALESTRO, PARIS, 75002, FRANCE&lt;br/&gt;publisher: SPRINGER FRANCE</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maisto, Giulia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Baldantoni, Daniela</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">De Marco, Anna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alfani, Anna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">De Santo, Amalia Virzo</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ranges of nutrient concentrations in Quercus ilex leaves at natural and urban sites</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">JOURNAL OF PLANT NUTRITION AND SOIL SCIENCE</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Campania Region</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Holm oak</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">leaf N-to-nutrient ratios</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">southern italy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">total and available soil nutrient concentrations</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">176</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">801-808</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The leaf nutrient concentrations and the N-to-nutrient ratios were analyzed to evaluate the nutritional status of holm oaks (Quercus ilex L.) experiencing various anthropogenic pressures. Leaves (1 year old) of Q. ilex and surface soil (0-5cm) surrounding the trees were collected at seven natural and seven urban sites in Campania Region (Southern Italy) and analyzed for the concentrations of macro (C, N, P, S) and micronutrients (Mn, K, Na, Cu, Mg, Ca, Fe, Zn). The available soil fraction of micronutrients was also evaluated. The nutrients showed different concentration ranges for the natural and the urban sites in the soil (total and available) and in the leaves, that we reported separately. Organic-matter content and macronutrient concentrations were higher in the natural soils, while the highest leaf N, S, and P concentrations were found at some urban sites. Concentrations of Cu, Na and Zn both in leaves and soil, and Mg and Fe in leaves from the urban sites appeared to be affected by air depositions. Manganese was the only micronutrient to show higher concentrations at the natural than at the urban sites, both in soil and leaves. For this nutrient, in addition, a relationship between leaf and available soil concentrations was found at the natural sites. The ratios between the concentrations of N and each studied nutrient in the leaves highlighted a different nutritional status between the plants from the natural and urban sites.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">De Nicola, Flavia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alfani, Anna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">D’Ambrosio, Nicola</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Impact of the Mediterranean Urban Environment on Photosynthetic Efficiency of Quercus ilex Leaves</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Water, Air, &amp; Soil Pollution</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">chlorophyll fluorescence</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">environmental stress</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">leaf ageing</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">leaf gas exchange</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">photosynthetic pigments</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">urban</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">urban environmental stress</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.springerlink.com/index/10.1007/s11270-011-0742-8http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11270-011-0742-8</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">220</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">151 - 160</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1127001107428</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Environmental constrains and anthropogenic changes can contribute simultaneously to the limitation of plant performance in Mediterranean urban areas. Photosynthetic efficiency of Quercus ilex L. leaves from the urban area of Naples was evaluated by comparison with leaves from remote site (Vesuvius National Park). The photosynthetic performance of leaves with different age (current year [CY], 1- [1Y] and 2-year old [2Y]) was assessed by measurements of gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence and pigment contents. The photosynthetic activity at the urban site was higher than that at the remote site for the CY leaves, while the opposite was observed for the 1Y and 2Y leaves. The growth of Q. ilex trees was mainly sustained by the CY leaves at the urban site, whereas at the remote site the photosynthetic activity was not affected by leaf ageing. In the urban environment, Q. ilex leaves strongly decreased the photosynthetic performance with leaf ageing as highlighted by leaf gas exchanges, although the photochemistry did not show any significant change. The mature leaves of urban site drove the reductive power deriving from the photochemistry more in nonassimilative processes rather than in carbon assimilative ones, avoiding a strong decrease of PSII photochemical efficiency</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1-4</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Baldantoni, Daniela</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fagnano, Massimo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alfani, Anna</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tropospheric ozone effects on chemical composition and decomposition rate of Quercus ilex L. leaves.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Science of the total environment</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Air Pollutants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Air Pollutants: chemistry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Air Pollutants: metabolism</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Air Pollutants: toxicity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Atmosphere</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Atmosphere: chemistry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carbon</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">carbon cycle</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carbon: analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carbon: metabolism</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cellulose</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cellulose: analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cellulose: metabolism</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Decaying leaf composition</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Holm oak leaves</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lignin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lignin: analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lignin: metabolism</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mediterranean area</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">nitrogen</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">nitrogen cycle</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nitrogen: analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nitrogen: metabolism</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ozone</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ozone exposure</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ozone: chemistry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ozone: metabolism</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ozone: toxicity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant Leaves</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant Leaves: chemistry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant Leaves: metabolism</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus: chemistry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus: metabolism</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elsevier B.V.</style></publisher><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">409</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">979-984</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">We determined the effects of tropospheric ozone on the chemical composition of Quercus ilex L. leaves and their decomposition, with a view to assessing the influence of ozone on nutrient cycling and the sustainability of Mediterranean holm oak forests. Forming one of the most widespread thermophilous vegetation communities in the area, Q. ilex is a dominant and widespread evergreen oak in the Mediterranean, where concentrations of tropospheric ozone are particularly high. The dynamics of carbon, nitrogen, lignin and cellulose concentrations were monitored for six months during the decomposition of leaves from plants subjected to controlled ozone exposure in open-top chambers. Ozone-exposed leaves, compared to unexposed leaves, showed no significant differences in C, N, lignin and cellulose concentrations prior to the incubation in mesocosms. However, during decomposition, leaves from plants exposed to ozone lost C significantly more slowly and showed a higher C/N ratio than unexposed leaves. Ozone exposure significantly slowed down the decomposition rate, indicating a negative effect of tropospheric ozone on nutrient cycling, which may reduce long-term sustainability of the holm oak forest.</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">21167557</style></accession-num></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">De Nicola, Flavia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maisto, Giulia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prati, Maria Vittoria</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alfani, Anna</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Temporal variations in PAH concentrations in Quercus ilex L. (holm oak) leaves in an urban area.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chemosphere</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aromatic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aromatic: analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cities</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Environmental Monitoring</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Environmental Pollutants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Environmental Pollutants: analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Italy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mediterranean evergreen oak</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Naples (Italy)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PAH biomonitoring</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pah leaf accumulation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant Leaves</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant Leaves: chemistry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polycyclic Hydrocarbons</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus: chemistry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seasonal trend</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seasons</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Time Factors</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2005</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2005///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16182861</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">61</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">432 - 440</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Temporal variations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) concentrations in leaves of a Mediterranean evergreen oak, Quercus ilex L., were investigated in order to assess the suitability of this species to biomonitor PAH air contamination. Leaf samples were collected at six sites of the urban area of Naples (Italy) and at a control site in the Vesuvius National Park, in May and September 2001, and in January and May 2002. PAH extraction was conducted by sonication in dichloromethane-acetone and quantification by GC-MS. In winter, leaf total PAH concentrations showed, at all the urban sites, values 2-fold higher than in all the other samplings, reflecting the temporal trend reported for PAH air contamination in the Naples urban area. Moreover, leaf PAH concentrations showed, at all the urban sites, a decrease in May 2002 after the winter accumulation. At the control site leaf PAH concentrations showed lower values and smaller temporal variations than at the urban sites. The findings support the suitability of Q. ilex leaves to monitor temporal variations in PAH contamination. The highest winter concentrations of total PAHs were due to the medium molecular weight PAHs that increased with respect to both low and high molecular weight PAHs. The medium molecular weight PAHs showed the same temporal trend both at the urban and remote sites.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;accession-num: 16182861</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">De Nicola, Flavia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maisto, Giulia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prati, Maria Vittoria</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alfani, Anna</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Temporal variations in PAH concentrations in Quercus ilex L. (holm oak) leaves in an urban area.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chemosphere</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aromatic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aromatic: analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cities</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Environmental Monitoring</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Environmental Pollutants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Environmental Pollutants: analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Italy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mediterranean evergreen oak</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Naples (Italy)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PAH biomonitoring</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pah leaf accumulation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant Leaves</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant Leaves: chemistry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polycyclic Hydrocarbons</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus: chemistry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seasonal trend</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seasons</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Time Factors</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2005</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">61</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">432-440</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Temporal variations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) concentrations in leaves of a Mediterranean evergreen oak, Quercus ilex L., were investigated in order to assess the suitability of this species to biomonitor PAH air contamination. Leaf samples were collected at six sites of the urban area of Naples (Italy) and at a control site in the Vesuvius National Park, in May and September 2001, and in January and May 2002. PAH extraction was conducted by sonication in dichloromethane-acetone and quantification by GC-MS. In winter, leaf total PAH concentrations showed, at all the urban sites, values 2-fold higher than in all the other samplings, reflecting the temporal trend reported for PAH air contamination in the Naples urban area. Moreover, leaf PAH concentrations showed, at all the urban sites, a decrease in May 2002 after the winter accumulation. At the control site leaf PAH concentrations showed lower values and smaller temporal variations than at the urban sites. The findings support the suitability of Q. ilex leaves to monitor temporal variations in PAH contamination. The highest winter concentrations of total PAHs were due to the medium molecular weight PAHs that increased with respect to both low and high molecular weight PAHs. The medium molecular weight PAHs showed the same temporal trend both at the urban and remote sites.</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16182861</style></accession-num></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alfani, Anna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maisto, Giulia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vittoria Prati, Maria</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Baldantoni, Daniela</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leaves of Quercus ilex L. as biomonitors of PAHs in the air of Naples (Italy)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Atmospheric Environment</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">biomonitoring</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">leaves</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus ilex L</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">rural and urban areas</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2001</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2001///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1352231001000875</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">35</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3553 - 3559</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)were determined by the GC-MS chromatography in the leaves of Quercus ilex L., an evergreen Mediterranean oak, to monitor the degree of pollution in the urban area of Naples compared to remote areas. Leaf samples were collected in July 1998 from four urban parks, six roadsides and two sites in remote areas. The total PAH contents in Q. ilex leaves ranged from 106.6 in a control site to 4607.5 ng/g d.w. along a road with a high tra$c #ow. The mean concentration factors (urban/control)were 3.8 for the parks and 15 for the roads. The contribution of carcinogenic PAHs (benz[a]anthracene, benzo[b]#uoranthene, benzo[k]#uoranthene, benzo[a]pyrene, dibenz[a,h]anthracene, indeno[1,2,3-c,d]pyrene)was higher in urban area and di!ered according to the site, ranging from 6.7% to 21.3%. The total PAH burden in control sites was dominated by the low molecular weight PAHs, whilst along the urban roads #uoranthene, pyrene and benz[a]anthracene among the measured PAHs showed the highest values. PAHs were positively correlated (P(0.01)to trace metals measured in a previous study.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">21</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alfani, Anna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maisto, Giulia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vittoria Prati, Maria</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Baldantoni, Daniela</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leaves of Quercus ilex L. as biomonitors of PAHs in the air of Naples (Italy)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Atmospheric Environment</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">biomonitoring</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">leaves</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus ilex L</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">rural and urban areas</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2001</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">35</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3553-3559</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)were determined by the GC-MS chromatography in the leaves of Quercus ilex L., an evergreen Mediterranean oak, to monitor the degree of pollution in the urban area of Naples compared to remote areas. Leaf samples were collected in July 1998 from four urban parks, six roadsides and two sites in remote areas. The total PAH contents in Q. ilex leaves ranged from 106.6 in a control site to 4607.5 ng/g d.w. along a road with a high tra$c #ow. The mean concentration factors (urban/control)were 3.8 for the parks and 15 for the roads. The contribution of carcinogenic PAHs (benz[a]anthracene, benzo[b]#uoranthene, benzo[k]#uoranthene, benzo[a]pyrene, dibenz[a,h]anthracene, indeno[1,2,3-c,d]pyrene)was higher in urban area and di!ered according to the site, ranging from 6.7% to 21.3%. The total PAH burden in control sites was dominated by the low molecular weight PAHs, whilst along the urban roads #uoranthene, pyrene and benz[a]anthracene among the measured PAHs showed the highest values. PAHs were positively correlated (P(0.01)to trace metals measured in a previous study.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alfani, Anna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maisto, Giulia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Iovieno, Paola</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rutigliano, Flora a</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bartoli, Giovanni</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leaf Contamination by Atmospheric Pollutants as Assessed by Elemental Analysis of Leaf Tissue, Leaf Surface Deposit and Soil</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Plant Physiology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">air pollution</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">leaf contamination</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">nitrogen</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus ilex L</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">sulphur</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trace metals</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1996</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1996///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S017616179680321X</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">148</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">243 - 248</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In order to evaluate the influence of air pollutants influx on leaf elemental composition, the concentration ofN, S, Cu, Fe and Pb were analyzed in the surface deposit and tissue of Quercus ilex L. leaves from 8 sites of the urban area of Naples. The soil from the trunk base area of Q. ilex trees in the same sites was also analyzed for total contents of Nand S and for available contents ofCu, Fe and Pb. In the leafsurface deposit S content was high though significantly (P&lt;O.OOl) lower than in the leaf tissue, whilst N was not detectable. Cu, Pb and Fe contents in leafsurface deposit were conspicuous. The Pb content was higher in the leafsurface deposit than in the leaf tissue. No correlation between leaftissue and surface deposit contents was found for S or for Fe. By contrast, positive and significant correlations (P &lt; 0.01) were found between leaf deposit and leaf tissue for both Cu and Pb. Nand S contents in the leaves were not correlated to the respective contents in the soil and the same was also found for Cu and Fe. In contrast with the presence of limiting concentrations in the soil, N, S and Fe leaf contents were significantly higher than in the leaves from remote sites. The data suggest that direct uptake of airborne pollutants, in addition to root absorption, may influence leaf elemental composition of Q. ilex L. leaves.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1-2</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;publisher: Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alfani, Anna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maisto, Giulia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Iovieno, Paola</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rutigliano, Flora a.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bartoli, Giovanni</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leaf Contamination by Atmospheric Pollutants as Assessed by Elemental Analysis of Leaf Tissue, Leaf Surface Deposit and Soil</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Plant Physiology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">air pollution</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">leaf contamination</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">nitrogen</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus ilex L</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">sulphur</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trace metals</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1996</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart</style></publisher><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">148</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">243-248</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In order to evaluate the influence of air pollutants influx on leaf elemental composition, the concentration ofN, S, Cu, Fe and Pb were analyzed in the surface deposit and tissue of Quercus ilex L. leaves from 8 sites of the urban area of Naples. The soil from the trunk base area of Q. ilex trees in the same sites was also analyzed for total contents of Nand S and for available contents ofCu, Fe and Pb. In the leafsurface deposit S content was high though significantly (P&lt;O.OOl) lower than in the leaf tissue, whilst N was not detectable. Cu, Pb and Fe contents in leafsurface deposit were conspicuous. The Pb content was higher in the leafsurface deposit than in the leaf tissue. No correlation between leaftissue and surface deposit contents was found for S or for Fe. By contrast, positive and significant correlations (P &lt; 0.01) were found between leaf deposit and leaf tissue for both Cu and Pb. Nand S contents in the leaves were not correlated to the respective contents in the soil and the same was also found for Cu and Fe. In contrast with the presence of limiting concentrations in the soil, N, S and Fe leaf contents were significantly higher than in the leaves from remote sites. The data suggest that direct uptake of airborne pollutants, in addition to root absorption, may influence leaf elemental composition of Q. ilex L. leaves.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cotrufo, M. F.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Santo, A. V. De</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alfani, Anna</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effects of urban heavy metal pollution on organic matter decomposition in Quercus ilex L. Woods</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Environmental Pollution</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fungal biomass (voyant9</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heavy metals</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">litter decomposition</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pollution</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soil microbial biomass</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soil respiration</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1995</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1995///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/026974919400041B</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7491</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">81 - 87</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Decomposition of oak (Quercus ilex) leaves containing different concentrations of Fe, Zn, Cu, Cr, Ni and Pb was measured in laboratory microcosms. The leaves were collected from a polluted site inside the city of Naples and from a control site away from the city. Soil was sampled from the upper A horizon (0-5 cm) at both sites and analyzed for respiration, microbial biomass and abundance of fungal mycelia. The soils from the two sites differed significantly in heavy metals concentrations. The accumulated mass loss reached an asymptotic value after four months both for the control and polluted litters. However, control and polluted litters significantly differed in accumulated mass loss, that was respectively 40 % and 29 % of the initial weight, after 10 months. Moreover decomposition rates appeared to be strongly influenced by metal contamination in the early stages, while in later stages, they did not differ significantly. Litter respiration appeared to be inhibited by metal contamination and showed pattern and rates consistent with those found for litter decomposition. Fungal mycelia were significantly less abundant both in litter and soil from the polluted site than from the con- trol site. Metabolic activity (both as soil respiration and degree of mineralization) was lower in the polluted soil. Soil respiration and amount of soil mycelia correlated negatively with soil Pb, Zn and Cr concentration.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 1990</style></issue></record></records></xml>