<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cerqueira, Mário</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gomes, Luís</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tarelho, Luís</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pio, Casimiro</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Formaldehyde and acetaldehyde emissions from residential wood combustion in Portugal</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Atmospheric Environment</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acetaldehyde</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biomass combustion</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Emissions</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Formaldehyde</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wood stove</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1352231013001568</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">72</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">171 - 176</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A series of experiments were conducted to characterize formaldehyde and acetaldehyde emissions from residential combustion of common wood species growing in Portugal. Five types of wood were investigated: maritime pine (Pinus pinaster), eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globulus), cork oak (Quercus suber), holm oak (Quercus rotundifolia) and pyrenean oak (Quercus pyrenaica). Laboratory experiments were performed with a typical wood stove used for domestic heating in Portugal and operating under realistic home conditions. Aldehydes were sampled from diluted combustion flue gas using silica cartridges coated with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine and analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection. The average formaldehyde to acetaldehyde concentration ratio (molar basis) in the stove flue gas was in the range of 2.1–2.9. Among the tested wood types, pyrenean oak produced the highest emissions for both formaldehyde and acetaldehyde: 1772 ± 649 and 1110 ± 454 mg kg−1 biomass burned (dry basis), respectively. By contrast, maritime pine produced the lowest emissions: 653 ± 151 and 371 ± 162 mg kg−1 biomass (dry basis) burned, respectively. Aldehydes were sampled separately during distinct periods of the holm oak wood combustion cycles. Significant variations in the flue gas concentrations were found, with higher values measured during the devolatilization stage than in the flaming and smoldering stages.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alves, Célia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gonçalves, Cátia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fernandes, Ana Patrícia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tarelho, Luís</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pio, Casimiro</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fireplace and woodstove fine particle emissions from combustion of western Mediterranean wood types</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Atmospheric Research</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biomass burning</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fireplace</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">metals</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">OC/EC</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PM2.5</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Water-soluble ions</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Woodstove</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0169809511001268</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">101</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">692 - 700</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wood from seven species of trees grown in the Portuguese forest (Pinus pinaster, Eucalyptus globulus, Quercus suber, Acacia longifolia, Quercus faginea, Olea europea and Quercus ilex rotundifolia), and briquettes produced from forest biomass waste were burned in a ﬁreplace and in a woodstove to determine the chemical composition of ﬁne particle (PM2.5) emissions. Samples were analysed for organic and elemental carbon (OC/EC), water soluble ions (Na+ , NH4 + , K+ , Mg 2+ , Ca 2+ , Cl− , NO3 − and SO4 2− ) and 67 elements. The PM2.5 emission factors (g kg−1 fuel burned, dry basis) were in the ranges 9.9–20.2 and 4.2–16.3, respectively, for the ﬁreplace and the woodstove. Organic carbon contributed to about 50% of the ﬁne particle mass in the emissions from every wood species studied in both burning appliances. The carbonaceous component of PM2.5 was dominated by organic carbon, accounting for more than 85% of the total carbon (TC): OC/TC ranged from 0.85 to 0.96 (avg. 0.92) for the ﬁreplace and from 0.86 to 0.97 (avg. 0.93) for the woodstove. The water-soluble ions accounted for 0.64 to 11.3% of the PM2.5 mass emitted from the ﬁreplace, whereas mass fractions between 0.53 and 13.6% were obtained for the woodstove. The golden wattle wood smoke showed a much higher ionic content than the emissions from the other wood types. Trace elements represented 0.4 to 2.5% and 0.2 to 2.2% of the PM2.5 mass emitted, respectively, from the ﬁreplace and the woodstove, which corresponded to average total emissions of 132± 77.3 mg kg−1 and 93.4± 60.8 mg kg−1 of wood burned. Among these, K, Pb, Al, Mn and Sr were present in all samples. From the emission proﬁles of the individual experiments, composite wood combustion proﬁles are suggested with the aid of a cluster analysis.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;publisher: Elsevier B.V.</style></notes></record></records></xml>