<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kesselmeier, J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bode, K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hofmann, U</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mtjller, H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schafer, L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wolf, A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ciccioli, P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cecinato, A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Frattoni, M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Foster, P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dutaur, L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Torreq, L</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">EMISSION OF SHORT CHAINED ORGANIC ACIDS , ALDEHYDES AND MONOTERPENES FROM QUERCUS ILEX L . AND PINUS PINEA L . IN RELATION TO PHYSIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES , CARBON BUDGET AND EMISSION ALGORITHMS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Atmospheric Environment</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">aldehydes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">carbon budget</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">coniferous</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">deciduous</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">light</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Monoterpenes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">oak</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">organic acids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pine</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pinus pinea L</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant physiology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus ilex L</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Temperature</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Volatile Organic Compounds</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1997</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">31</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">119-133</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">We report on the emission of monoterpenes, short-chained organic acids and aldehydes from Mediterranean oak (Quercus ilex L.) and pine (Pinus pinea L.). All studies were done with dynamic cuvettes enclosing intact branches at the top of the canopy flushed with ambient air. Daily trends are compared with the photosynthetic active radiation (PAR), leaf temperature and the physiological activities of the enclosed branches, i.e. assimilation and transpiration, with special attention on the carbon budget. Oak emits monoterpenes in high amounts, up to 2% of the assimilated carbon. As compared with monoterpenes, short-chained organic acids and aldehydes are of minor importance for oak. However, on a leaf dry-weight basis equal amounts of acids and aldehydes are released from oak and pine. As pine emitted only low amounts of terpenes (below 0.2% of the assimilated carbon) the release of terpenes and oxygenated compounds is of equal importance for this species. A comparison of a modelled light and temperature driven emission with the observed volatile organic compounds (VOC) emissions showed good agreement for monoterpenes as well as for organic acids emitted in the case of oak. For pine only the release of acids showed an adequate relation to the algorithm data, whereas the terpene emissions seemed to be dominated by temperature effects</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Loreto, F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ciccioli, P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brancaleoni, E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cecinato, A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Frattoni, M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sharkey, T D</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Different sources of reduced carbon contribute to form three classes of terpenoid emitted by Quercus ilex L leaves</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">acetyl group labelling</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">alpha-pinene</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">light induction</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">monotherpenes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus ilex L.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">terpenes biosynthesis</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1996</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">NATL ACAD SCIENCES</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">93</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9966-9969</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus ilex L. leaves emit terpenes but do not have specialized structures for terpene storage. We exploited this unique feature to investigate terpene biosynthesis in intact leaves of Q. ilex. Light induction allowed us to distinguish three classes of terpenes: (i) a rapidly induced class including alpha-pinene; (ii) a more slowly induced class, including cis-beta-ocimene; and (iii) the most slowly induced class, including 3-methyl-3-buten-1-ol. Using C-13, we found that alpha-pinene and cis-beta-ocimene were labeled quickly and almost completely while there was a delay before label appeared in linalool and 3-methyl-3-buten-1-ol. The acetyl group of 3-methyl-3-buten-1-yl acetate was labeled quickly but label was limited to 20% of the moiety. It is suggested that the ocimene class of monoterpenes is made from one or more terpenes of the alpha-pinene class and that both classes are made entirely from reduced carbon pools inside the chloroplasts. Linalool and 3-methyl-3-buten-1-ol are made from a different pool of reduced carbon, possibly in nonphotosynthetic plastids. The acetyl group of the 3-methyl-3-buten-1-yl acetate is derived mostly from carbon that does not participate in photosynthetic reactions. Low humidity and prolonged exposure to light favored ocimenes emission and induced linalool emission. This may indicate conversion between terpene classes.</style></abstract><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">APS</style></notes><research-notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">APS</style></research-notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kesselmeier, J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fer, L S C H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ciccioli, P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brancaleoni, E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cecinato, A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Frattoni, M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Foster, I P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jacob, V</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Denis, J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fugit, J L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dutaur, L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Torres, L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mainz, D-</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salaria, Via</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scalo, Monterotondo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">De, Institut Universitaire</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">EMISSION OF MONOTERPENES AND ISOPRENE FROM A MEDITERRANEAN OAK SPECIES QUERCUS ILEX L. MEASURED WITHIN THE BEMA (BIOGENIC EMISSIONS IN THE MEDITERRANEAN AREA) PROJECT EMISSIONS IN THE M E D I T E</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Atmospheric Environment</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biogenic emission</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">isoprene</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">light</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Monoterpenes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">non-methane hydrocarbons</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">oak</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant physiology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">VOC</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1996</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">30</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1841-1850</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">We report on some results of our studies of monoterpene and isoprene emissions and the physiological activities of an oak species (Quercus ilex L.) under the Mediterranean climatic conditions found at Castel Porziano (Rome) in June 1993. The oak species Quercus ilex L. was found to emit mainly monoterpenes in high amounts. Isoprene emissions were negligible. Diel cycles of monoterpene emissions showed correlation with light and the diel behaviour of photosynthetic CO2 assimilation, transpiration and stomatal corductance. Temperature dependence seemed to be of minor importance.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Loreto, F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ciccioli, P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cecinato, A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brancaleoni, E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Frattoni, M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fabozzi, C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tricoli, D</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evidence of the photosynthetic origin of monoterpenes emitted by Quercus ilex L leaves by C-13 labeling</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PLANT PHYSIOLOGY</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">alpha-pinene</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">C-13 labeling</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Emissions</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">isoprene</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Monoterpenes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus flex L.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus ilex</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1996</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">AMER SOC PLANT PHYSIOLOGISTS</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">110</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1317-1322</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The carbon of the four main monoterpenes emitted by Quercus flex L. leaves was completely labeled with C-13 after a 20-min feeding with 99% (CO2)-C-13. This labeling time course is comparable with the labeling time course of isoprene, the terpenoid emitted by other Quercus species and synthesized in leaf chloroplasts. It is also comparable with that of phosphoglyceric acid. Our experiment therefore provides evidence that monoterpenes emitted by Q. ilex are formed from photosynthesis intermediates and may share the same synthetic pathway with isoprene. By analyzing the rate and the distribution of labeling in the different fragments, we looked for evidence of differential carbon labeling in the alpha-pinene emitted. However, the labeling pattern was quite uniform in the different fragments, suggesting that the carbon skeleton of the emitted monoterpenes comes from a unique carbon source.</style></abstract><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">APS</style></notes><research-notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">APS</style></research-notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Loreto, F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ciccioli, P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cecinato, A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brancaleoni, E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Frattoni, M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tricoli, D</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Influence of environmental factors and air composition on the emission of alpha-pinene from Quercus ilex leaves</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PLANT PHYSIOLOGY</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">alpha-pinene</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">photosynthesis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus ilex</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1996</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">AMER SOC PLANT PHYSIOLOGISTS</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">110</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">267-275</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">We studied the emission of alpha-pinene from Quercos ilex leaves. Only the abaxial side of the hypostomatous Q. ilex leaf emits alpha-pinene. Light induced photosynthesis and alpha-pinene emission. However, the response of photosynthesis to dark-to-light transitions was faster than that of alpha-pinene, suggesting that ATP controls the emission. The emission was higher at 30 than at 20 degrees C, whereas photosynthesis did not change. Therefore, the relationship between photosynthesis and alpha-pinene emission does not always hold. When CO2 was removed from the air, transpiration was stimulated but photosynthesis and alpha-pinene emission were inhibited. alpha-Pinene inhibition was more rapid under low O-2. When CO2 in the air was increased, photosynthesis was stimulated and transpiration was reduced, but alpha-pinene emission was unaffected. Therefore, the emission depends on the availability of photosynthetic carbon, is not saturated at ambient CO2, and is not dependent on stomatal opening. The pattern of alpha-pinene emission from Q. ilex is different from that of plants having specialized structures for storage and emission of terpenes. We suggest that alpha-pinene emitted by Q. ilex leaves is synthesized in the chloroplasts and shares the same biochemical pathway with isoprene emitted by isoprene-emitting oak species.</style></abstract><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">APS</style></notes><research-notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">APS</style></research-notes></record></records></xml>