<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Benito, J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Olea, L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Casco, J M G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Viguera, F J</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Exploitation of natural resources of the “dehesa” for meat production</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ressources.ciheam.org</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">production de viande</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ressources naturelles</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">“dehesa”</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Submitted</style></year></dates><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">311-313</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">“Exploitation des ressources naturelles de la “dehesa” pour la production de viande”. Dans les 20 dernières années, l'exploitation des ressources naturelles du “dehesa” (la région boisée de la Méditerranée) située au sud-ouest de la Péninsule Ibérique, a changé d'un système économique de subsistance (la production de bétail de famille, le bois de chauffage, le charbon de bois, la chasse, etc.) à un système intégré visant le bénéfice économique. La grande source de richesse du “dehesa” est basée la production annuelle généreuse de fruits (des glands de chêne) dans un écosystème caractérisé par un sol pauvre et une pluviométrie faible. En raison de la composition en lipides, avec d’hautes pourcentages d'acides gras mono-nonsaturés, les glands sont le régime d'alimentation parfait pour des animaux abattus aux hauts poids et orientés pour élaborer les produits de grande qualité. La large présence de forêt de Chêne au nord de l'Afrique, avec les mêmes caractéristiques que la forêt de “dehesa” ibérien, peut être une bonne raison pour mettre en oeuvre des programmes de collaboration entre des régions géographiques à potentiel comparable. Le but final de ces programmes doit être d améliorer le niveau de revenu de la population rurale et forestière.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>3</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gonzalo, J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Poblaciones, M J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Olea, L</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reiné, R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Barrantes, O</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Broca, A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ferrer, C</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Influencia de las temperaturas de primavera en la producción de cerdos ibéricos de montanera en la provincia de Badajoz ( Extremadura , España ).</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Actas de la XLVIII RC de la SEEP. Huesca La multifuncionalidad de los pastos: producción ganadera sostenible y gestión de los ecosistemas</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">extensive pastures</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Q. ilex ssp. ballota</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus suber</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">silvopastoral</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sociedad Española para el Estudio de los Pastos</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Huesca</style></pub-location><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">589-595</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The dehesa ecosystem in Iberian Peninsule south-western, has its most important management activity, from an economic, ecological and unrepeatable point of view, in the holm oak and cork oak fruits (acorn) use in an extensive way. The use of these fruits, together with herbaceous bio-mass, is mainly done by Iberian pigs in montanera from November to Febru- ary. In this work production levels (Iberian pigs in montanera/year) has been studied during 4 years (2003/04 to 2006/07). It has been also studied the production per “official” dehesa area (declared by Junta de Extremadura) and the production per cover by tree area, in Iberian pig montanera production areas in Badajoz (Extremadura), as well as the influence of the tem- peratures in flowering and productive periods in holm oak and cork oak. There is a significant production increase when minimum temperatures in February, March and April raise; likewise this production falls with a rise of the maxim temperatures in spring</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Olea, L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Figuera, F</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dehesa ecosystem: Production and preservation</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Options Méditerranéennes</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dehesa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">forages</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">iberian peninsula</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pastures</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1999</style></year></dates><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">239-246</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Dehesa is an ecosystem in which species of herbs, bushes and trees coexist in a semi-desert regime, contributingto the feeding of domestic and wild animals. The improvement and exploitation of these agrosylvopastoral systems must be founded on the principles of preseofr vthaetio ne nvironment and the idea of creating systems that can be maintained with a correct usage of natural resources. Fertilization of the natural pastures, the introduction of new pasture species and varieties, the favouring of the species of bush that have a forage value and the preservationo f the arboreous stratum are methods which will alluosw t o preserve this ecosystem</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>3</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Olea, L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Viguera, F J</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Levels of bioelements and their relation to the ruminants ' needs in the most important pasture-plant species of the wooded dehesa ( grazing-land ) in the south-west of Spain</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dynamics and sustainability of Mediterranean pastoral systems . CIHEAM, (Cahiers Options Méditerranéennes; n. 39)</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">annual pasture plants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dehesa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">grass quality</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mediterranean pasture</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1999</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CIHEAM</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zaragoza</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">255</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">251-255</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">- The Trifolium subterraneum and Orithopus compressus species, together are considered the most important pasture plants (pratenses) with the gramineae group of the wooded 'dehesa' of Edremadura. In the present paper 5 representative &quot;dehesas&quot; (pasture lands) of the south-west of the province of Badajoz (200,000 ha) are studied over a period of two agricultural years (1 993-94 and 94-95). Soils and plants were analysed every fortnight approximately, from Autumn until the end of Spring. Samples of plants from the different plots were taken to check the proportions of N, P, K, Ca and Mg. Climatologically two different weather conditions were studied, a year of almost average rainfall and another of extreme drought. The minimum values for these 5 elements were revised. The Nitrogen proportion in both leguminous species was above the required minimum level (even in dry grass), for the ruminant feeding (over 1.5% and up to 3.5% in January and February), whereas there was a deficiency of Nitrogen in the gramineae group from April on. Regarding Phosphorus, as the plant becomes mature a decrease is noted, which was stressed in the final months of the cycle; all the dehesas studied except Manpolín reached lower rates than the minimum required (0.20%). The potassium evolved in a similar way that of P, although deficiencies (minimum 0.60%) arose only in Campos de Oliva. Its behaviour was similar in both years. Calcium had a similar behaviour in all the dehesas studied along the vegetative cycle. It was always above the minimum level (0.30%) in the gramineae from April on in both years. Magensium results were similar to those of Calcium</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Olea, L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paredes, J</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">INFLUENCIA DE LA SUPERFICIE DISPONIBLE Y DEL TAMAÑO DEL REBAÑO EN LOS PASTOS MEJORADOS Y EN LA PRODUCCIÓN DE LA DEHESA EN EL SO</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pastos</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pastos mediterráneos</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">sistemas extensivos sostenibles</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">trébol subterráneo</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1997</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">27</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">219-247</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Los métodos de mejora de pastos semiáridos mediterráneos del SO de la Penínsu- la Ibérica basados en la aportación de P, en el fomento de las leguminosas y en el pasto- reo continuo han sido investigados ampliamente, siempre en pequeñas superficies. Era pues necesario comprobar su utilización en dimensiones de parcelas y &quot;rebaños&quot; reales de explotación. Sobre pasto sembrado con variedades de trébol subterráneo y pasto natural fertili- zado en dos localizaciones (Oliva de la Frontera en el SO de Badajoz y Navalmoral de la Mata en el NE de Cáceres) se han estudiado estas mejoras aplicadas a dimensiones de parcelas y rebaños que van de una ha y 3-4 ovejas a 30 ha y 90-120 ovejas, durante cinco años. Los resultados en producciones vegetales, semilla en el suelo para su germinación y composición botánica permiten afirmar que no existen grandes diferencias entre estas superficies y número de animales, incluso en años en los que hubo una importante se- quía y las suplementaciones medias llegaron a ser hasta del 58% del tiempo en Oliva. En resultados de producción animal aparecen mayores diferencias a favor de su- perficies y rebaños menores siempre hasta parcelas de 15 ha y 45-60 animales, debido a la influencia del manejo de los animales pero no del pasto. En general puede decirse que esta tecnología de mejora es aplicable a tamaños de parcelas y rebaños viables en condiciones reales de explotación de la dehesa</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Olea, L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Verdasco, M P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paredes, J</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Características y producción de los pastos de las dehesas del SO de la Península Ibérica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pastos</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">fertilización</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">leguminosas anuales</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mejora de pastos</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pastos</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1990</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">21</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">131-156</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">La producción de los pastos naturales de zonas semiáridas del S. O. de la Península Ibérica (DEHESA) es limitada tanto en cantidad como en calidad, siendo sus valores medios anuales de 1.440 kg/ha de M. S. con 10,3 % de Vroteina Bruta (P. B.) y 55,2 % de Digestibilidad de la Materia Orgánica (D.M.O.). Cuando se mejoran los pastos, con fertilizaciones fosfóricas o con introducción de especies más fertilizaciones fosfóricas, las producciones aumentan llegando a alcanzar los 2.500 kg/ha de M.S., con 12,6 % de P.B. y 60,7 % de D.M.O. La calidad de los pastos mejorados, aun estando secos, y su gran producción de semillas permite aprovecharlos en verano, consiguiendo sistemas de producción que duplican, al menos, la carga ganadera</style></abstract></record></records></xml>