<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oßwald, W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fleischmann, F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rigling, D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coelho, A C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cravador, A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diez, J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dalio, R J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Horta Jung, M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pfanz, H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Robin, C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sipos, G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Solla, A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cech, T</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chambery, A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diamandis, S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hansen, E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jung, T</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Orlikowski, L B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Parke, J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prospero, S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Werres, S</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Strategies of attack and defence in woody plant–Phytophthora interactions</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Forest Pathology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">infection strategies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pathogens</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytophora</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year></dates><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">n/a----n/a</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">This review comprises both well-known and recently described Phytophthora species and concentrates on Phytophthora–woody plant interactions. First, comprehensive data on infection strategies are presented which were the basis for three models that explain invasion and spread of Phytophthora pathogens in different woody host plants. The first model describes infection of roots, the second concentrates on invasion of the trunk, and the last one summarizes infection and invasion of host plants via leaves. On the basis of morphological, physiological, biochemical and molecular data, scenarios are suggested which explain the sequences of reactions that occur in susceptible and tolerant plants following infections of roots or of stem bark. Particular emphasis is paid to the significance of Phytophthora elicitins for such host–pathogen interactions. The overall goal is to shed light on the sequences of pathogenesis to better understand how Phytophthora pathogens harm their host plants.</style></abstract><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">APS</style></notes><research-notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">APS</style></research-notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cooke, D E L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jung, T</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Williams, N a.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schubert, R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Osswald, W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Duncan, J M</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genetic diversity of European populations of the oak fine-root pathogen Phytophthora quercina</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Forest Pathology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">AFLP</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">decline</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">diversity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pathogen (voyant)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytophthora</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2005</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">35</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">57-70</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The recently discovered oak-specific fine root plant pathogen Phytophthora quercina is a significant factor in the current phase of European oak decline but its origins and ecology are poorly understood. A genome-wide analysis of 260 amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers was used to examine the genetic diversity of 72 isolates from five oak species at 28 sites in Germany (particularly Bavaria), Italy, France, Hungary and the UK. Within-site diversity was examined at 16 sites. The limited genetic diversity (within and between sites) and lack of genetic substructuring according to geographic origin or host species suggest the rapid spread of a relatively recently introduced species. Two subgroups were distinguished and these may reflect an initial introduction of isolates of two different genetic backgrounds. The relatively low genetic diversity is probably because of the predominantly inbreeding (homothallic) nature of P. quercina. However, evidence of limited intra-site diversity, temporal variation and the lack of clonality within the European population suggest that some diversity is being maintained by occasional outcrossing and turnover of a reservoir of long-lived soil-borne oospore (sexually derived) inoculum</style></abstract></record></records></xml>