<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fioretto, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Papa, S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pellegrino, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fuggi, A.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Decomposition dynamics of Myrtus communis and Quercus ilex leaf litter: Mass loss, microbial activity and quality change</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Applied Soil Ecology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cellulose</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Enzyme activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fungal biomass</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lignin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">litter decomposition</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Microbial respiration</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2007</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2007///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0929139306002447</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">36</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">32 - 40</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The patterns of microbial respiration and enzyme activity (cellulase, xylanase, laccase and peroxidase) in the leaf litter of two evergreen sclerophyll species, Myrtus communis and Quercus ilex, were compared during decay in a low shrubland and in a coppice wood in a Natural Reserve in the Mediterranean area. The two litter types had similar initial amounts of lignin, cellulose and acid-detergentsoluble substances, but the litter from M. communis had a lower N content and higher C/N ratio. In spite of this, the decomposition rate of M. communis litter was higher than for Q. ilex. Whilst no seasonal variation was observed in the rate of organic matter degradation, respiration and extractable cellulase and xylanase activities showed seasonal variation in both litter types with the highest values in winter–early spring and the lowest in summer, and showed positive correlations with water content. Peroxidase activity exhibited a seasonal pattern and was higher in Q. ilex than in M. communis, while laccase activity was higher in M. communis and increased with fungal biomass as degradation progressed. Nevertheless, no relationship was found between laccase and peroxidase activity and lignin degradation. The results obtained indicate that the seasonal alternation of moist and dry periods is the major factor inﬂuencing soil biological activity in the Mediterranean area. The occurrence of pronounced seasonal variation in litter enzyme activity prevents the determination of possible correlations with litter mass loss.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Di Nardo, C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cinquegrana, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Papa, S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fuggi, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fioretto, A.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Laccase and peroxidase isoenzymes during leaf litter decomposition of Quercus ilex in a Mediterranean ecosystem</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soil Biology and Biochemistry</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Enzyme activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">isoelectrofocusing</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">laccase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">litter decomposition</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">peroxidase</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2004</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2004///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0038071704002056</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">36</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1539 - 1544</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The dynamics of leaf litter decomposition of Quercus ilex (L.) were investigated over a 2 year period by determining the activities and isoenzyme distribution of laccases and peroxidases. The analysis of isoenzymes was performed by isoelectric focusing on high stability pH gradients with high resolving power. The preparation of zymograms was carried out using the leaf litter extract without previous concentration. During litter decomposition, laccase and peroxidase activities changed as well as the type and number of enzyme isoforms. The activities of both enzymes were low (%0.017 and %0.031 mmol o-tolidine oxidized hK1 gK1 d.w. for laccase and peroxidase, respectively) in ﬁrst year and increased in October–January of the second year of litter decay. The highest activities measured after 15–18 months of litter exposure (0.37G0.03 and 0.19G0.02 mmol o-tolidine oxidized hK1 gK1 d.w. for laccase and peroxidase, respectively), showed that litter chemical composition affected the growth of ligninolytic microbial community. The activation energy for laccase and peroxidase reactions also changed during decomposition: the highest values (55G6 kJ molK1 for laccase and 60G6 kJ molK1 for peroxidase) occurred in autumn–winter, even if spatial changes were evidenced. Some enzyme isoforms (pIZ5.3 and 5.5 for laccase and pIZ5.0 and 5.1 for peroxidase, respectively), contributed more than others to the overall laccase and peroxidase activity, suggesting that some ligninolytic species bloomed in particular seasons of the year, even if other species with similar functional activities colonized the litter.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></issue></record></records></xml>