<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fernandes, Paulo M.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Combining forest structure data and fuel modelling to classify fire hazard in Portugal</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Annals of Forest Science</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">fuel modelling</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mediterranean-type ecosystems</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ﬁre behaviour simulation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ﬁre hazard</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.springerlink.com/openurl.asp?id=doi:10.1051/forest/2009013</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">66</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">• Fire management activities can greatly beneﬁt from the description of wildland fuel to assess ﬁre hazard. • A forest typology developed from the Portuguese National Forest Inventory that combines cover type (the dominant overstorey species) and forest structure deﬁned as a combination of generic stand density (closed or open) and height (low or tall) is translated into fuel models. Fire behaviour simulations that accounted for the ﬁre environment modiﬁcation induced by stand structure resulted in an objective and quantitative assessment of ﬁre hazard for 19 forest types. • The range of ﬁre risk is similar between and within cover types. Stand structure, rather than cover type, is the major determinant of ﬁre vulnerability. This indicates a potentially prominent role of stand and fuel management in wildﬁre mitigation. Four ﬁre hazard groups are deﬁned: (1) open and tall forest types, and closed and tall Quercus suber and diverse forests; (2) closed, low woodlands of deciduous oaks, Q. suber and diverse forests, closed and tall Pinus pinaster woodland and tall Eucalyptus globulus plantations; (3) open and low forest types; (4) dense low stands of P. pinaster, E. globulus and Acacia. Potential ﬁre risk increases from (1) to (4).</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cortés, Pilar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Espelta, J. M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Save, Robert</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biel, C.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effects of a nursery CO 2 enriched atmosphere on the germination and seedling morphology of two Mediterranean oaks with contrasting leaf habit</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">New Forests</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Forest restoration</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mediterranean-type ecosystems</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nursery techniques</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus cerrioides</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus ilex</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wildﬁre</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2004</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2004///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.springerlink.com/index/T42225U564534875.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">28</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">79 - 88</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The use of an enriched CO2 atmosphere in tree nurseries has been envisaged as a promising technique to increase productivity and to obtain seedlings with a higher root/shoot ratio, an essential trait to respond to water stress in Mediterranean-type ecosystems. In that framework, we have analyzed the effects of three levels of atmospheric CO2 concentration (350, 500 and 700 ppm) on the germination rate, growth and morphology of seedlings of two Mediterranean oaks used in reforestation programs: the evergreen Quercus ilex L. and the deciduous Quercus cerrioides Wilk. et Costa. CO2 enrichment increased the germination rate of Q. cerrioides (from 70 7 to 81 3%) while it decreased that of Q. ilex (from 71 10 to 41 12%). Seedlings of both species increased approximately 60% their total biomass in response to CO2 enrichment but at two different CO2 concentrations: 500 ppm for Q. cerrioides and 700 ppm for Q. ilex. This increase in seedlings biomass was entirely due to an augmentation of root biomass. Considering germination and biomass partitioning, an enriched CO2 atmosphere might not be appropriate for growing Mediterranean evergreen oaks, such as Q. ilex, since it reduces acorn germination and the only gains in root biomass occur at a high concentration (700 ppm). On the other hand, a moderate CO2 enrichment (500 ppm) appears as a promising nursery technique to stimulate the germination, growth and root/shoot ratio of deciduous oaks, such as Q. cerrioides</style></abstract></record></records></xml>