<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andres-Alpuente, Antonio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sanchez, Sergio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Martin, Maria</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Javier Aguirre, Angel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Barriuso, Juan J.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Comparative analysis of different methods for evaluating quality of Quercus ilex seedlings inoculated with Tuber melanosporum</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MYCORRHIZA</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Black truffle</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Certification</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Holm oak</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mycorrhization</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nurseries</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Truffle culture</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">24</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">S29 - S37</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The quality of seedlings colonized by Tuber melanosporum is one of the main factors that contributes to the success or failure of a truffle crop. Truffle cultivation has quickly grown in European countries and elsewhere, so a commonly shared seedling evaluation method is needed. Five evaluation methods are currently published in the literature: three are used in Spain and two in France and Italy. Although all estimate the percentage colonization by T. melanosporum mycorrhizae, they do it in different ways. Two methods also estimate total number of mycorrhizae per seedling. Most are destructive. In this work, ten batches of holm oak seedlings inoculated with T. melanosporum from two different nurseries were evaluated by means of the five methods noted above. Some similarity was detected between the percentages of T. melanosporum mycorrhizae estimated by each method but not in their ability to assess the suitability of each batch. We discuss the advantages and disadvantages for each method and suggest approaches to reach consensus within the truffle culture industry for certifying mycorrhizal colonization by T. melanosporum and seedling quality.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;pub-location: 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA&lt;br/&gt;publisher: SPRINGER</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Olivera, Antoni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antonio Bonet, Jose</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oliach, Daniel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Colinas, Carlos</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Time and dose of irrigation impact Tuber melanosporum ectomycorrhiza proliferation and growth of Quercus ilex seedling hosts in young black truffle orchards</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MYCORRHIZA</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Black truffle</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ectomycorrhizae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evapotranspiration</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Preproduction</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus ilex</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SPRINGER</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">24</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">S73--S78</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In Mediterranean climate, young truffle-oak orchards are subjected to drought episodes that can compromise the development of Tuber melanosporum. We investigated the responses of T. melanosporum to water supply in three periods: May to July, August to October, and May to October. In each period, five water doses were established: 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 % of the reference evapotranspiration (ETo). Five orchards were planted with Quercus ilex inoculated with T. melanosporum, and in each orchard, we arranged a two-factorial design with irrigation period and irrigation dose as main factors to test their combined effects on the development of both T. melanosporum and Q. ilex after 3 years in the field. Irrigation period significantly interacted with irrigation doses for the absolute presence per seedling of T. melanosporum mycorrhizae. Irrigation in May-July increased significantly T. melanosporum colonization in seedlings irrigated with 50 % ETo dose compared to the 0 % ETo dose. A similar pattern with smaller differences in means was observed in August-October period, but the irrigation doses did not change T. melanosporum colonization when we watered from May to October. We found ectomycorrhizae different from T. melanosporum in 51 % of the seedlings studied, but their presence was marginal. Our results suggest that a moderate irrigation dose promotes seedling growth and number of fine root tips per unit of fine root length, which may be potentially colonized by T. melanosporum.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Suz, Laura M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Martín, María P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fischer, Christine R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bonet, José a</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Colinas, Carlos</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Can NPK fertilizers enhance seedling growth and mycorrhizal status of Tuber melanosporum-inoculated Quercus ilex seedlings?</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mycorrhiza</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Black truffle</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DNAanalysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ectomycorrhiza</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">morphotyping</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">nitrogen</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phosphorous</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Potassium</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Truffle orchard</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">20</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">349-360</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Although successful cultivation of the black truffle (Tuber melanosporum) has inspired the establishment of widespread truffle orchards in agricultural lands throughout the world, there are many unknowns involved in proper management of orchards during the 6-10 years prior to truffle production, and there are conflicting results reported for fertilizer treatments. Here, we systematically evaluate the combined effects of nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium with different doses of each element, applied to either foliage or roots, on plant growth parameters and the mycorrhizal status of outplanted 3-year-old seedlings in five experimental Quercus ilex-T. melanosporum orchards. Fertilization did not significantly improve seedling aboveground growth, but the plants treated with the fertilizer 12-7-7 applied to the roots (HNr) displayed longer field-developed roots. Only the fertilizer with the highest dose of K (10-6-28) applied to the foliage (HKf) increased the probability of fine root tip colonization by T. melanosporum in field-developed roots. However, the plants treated with the same fertilizer applied to the soil (HKr) presented the highest probability for colonization by other competing mycorrhizal soil fungi. Potassium seems to have an important role in mycorrhizal development in these soils. Apart from T. melanosporum, we found 14 ectomycorrhizal morphotypes, from which seven were identified to species level, three to genus, two to family, and two remained unidentified by their morphological characteristics and DNA analyses.</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">20033737</style></accession-num></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Garcia-Montero, L. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Massimo, G. Di</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Manjon, J. L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">García‐Cañete, J.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effect of Sphaerosporella brunnea mycorrhizas on mycorrhization of Quercus ilex × Tuber melanosporum</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Black truffle</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mediterranean mushroom</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mycorrhizal fungi</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mycorrhized contamination</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tuber melanosporum</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01140670809510231</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">36</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">153 - 158</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abstract It is generally accepted that Sphaerosporella brunnea is a significant ectomycorrhizal contaminant in nurseries producing plants mycorrhized with various species of Tuber, and subsequently in truffières after outplanting. At the University of Alcalá, Spain, 397 small plants of Quercus ilex which were mycorrhized with Tuber melanosporum were inadvertently contaminated with S. brunnea, and this contamination was then monitored for 2 years. Sixty percent of the plants were contaminated and had S. brunnea ascomata on the surface of the container on one or several occasions. However, a Spearman test provided no evidence that S. brunnea mycorrhizas affected T. melanosporum mycorrhization whereas other contaminating ectomycorrhizal fungi significantly did. Therefore, it appears that S. brunnea is not detrimental to plants which are well mycorrhized with T. melanosporum.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">doi: 10.1080/01140670809510231doi: 10.1080/01140670809510231The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;publisher: Taylor &amp; Francis</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Garcia-Montero, L G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Massimo, G Di</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Manjón, J L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">García‐Cañete, J</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effect of Sphaerosporella brunnea mycorrhizas on mycorrhization of Quercus ilex × Tuber melanosporum</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Black truffle</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mediterranean mushroom</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mycorrhizal fungi</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mycorrhized contamination</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tuber melanosporum</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Taylor &amp; Francis</style></publisher><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">36</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">153-158</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abstract It is generally accepted that Sphaerosporella brunnea is a significant ectomycorrhizal contaminant in nurseries producing plants mycorrhized with various species of Tuber, and subsequently in truffières after outplanting. At the University of Alcalá, Spain, 397 small plants of Quercus ilex which were mycorrhized with Tuber melanosporum were inadvertently contaminated with S. brunnea, and this contamination was then monitored for 2 years. Sixty percent of the plants were contaminated and had S. brunnea ascomata on the surface of the container on one or several occasions. However, a Spearman test provided no evidence that S. brunnea mycorrhizas affected T. melanosporum mycorrhization whereas other contaminating ectomycorrhizal fungi significantly did. Therefore, it appears that S. brunnea is not detrimental to plants which are well mycorrhized with T. melanosporum.</style></abstract><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">doi: 10.1080/01140670809510231</style></notes><research-notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">doi: 10.1080/01140670809510231</style></research-notes></record></records></xml>