<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lambrechts, MarcelM</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Caro, Samuel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Charmantier, Anne</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gross, Nicolas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Galan, Marie-Jo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Perret, Philippe</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cartan-Son, Mireille</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dias, PaulaC</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Blondel, Jacques</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thomas, DonaldW</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Habitat quality as a predictor of spatial variation in blue tit reproductive performance: a multi-plot analysis in a heterogeneous landscape</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oecologia</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Habitat quality</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Parus caeruleus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Predation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">reproduction</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2004</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2004///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00442-004-1681-5</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">141</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">555 - 561</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vertebrate studies have rarely investigated the influence of spatial variation in habitat richness on both short-term (breeding) and long-term (offspring recruitment) reproductive performance using simultaneously multi-patch, multi-habitat type and multi-year approaches at landscape level. Here we present results of such an approach using the influence of two oak tree (Quercus ilex, Q. humilis) species on reproductive performance in Corsican blue tits (Parus caeruleus ogliastrae) as a model system. We found that blue tits breeding in rich broadleaved deciduous patches consistently laid eggs earlier in the season, and produced larger clutches and more fledglings of higher quality, than those breeding in poor evergreen patches. Also, parents, especially males, were in better physical condition in the broad-leaved deciduous than in the evergreen patches. Surprisingly, estimates of long-term effects of reproduction, such as recruitment rates of locally born offspring, did not differ between the two habitat types. Our results suggest that short-term breeding performance and phenotypic quality of both chicks and parents do not necessarily provide reliable information about contributions to following generations at a scale larger than that of the local study plot. Differences in reproductive performance between the two oak habitat types could not be attributed to densitydependent effects, differences in levels of nest predation, or differences in age structure of the birds. We suggest that habitats that are optimal for breeding are not necessarily optimal for survival after the breeding season.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;publisher: Springer-Verlag</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Blondel, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Isenmann, P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maistre, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Perret, P.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">What are the consequences of being a downy oak (quercus pubescens) or a holm oak (Q. ilex) for breeding blue tits (Parus caeruleus)?</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant Ecology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">breeding traits</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">caterpillars</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">leafing phenology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Parus caeruleus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus ilex</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus pubescens</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1992</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1992///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.springerlink.com/index/W8365WJ121686P80.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">99-100</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">129 - 136</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">By comparison with deciduous oaks, the lower yearly production of new leaves in sclerophyllous oaks is hypothesized to have several consequences on animal communities. In particular, the production of arthropod communities that feed upon the leaves should be lower in sclerophyllous than in deciduous oaks, this causing changes in breeding patterns and the demographic balance in insectivorous birds. Studies in both deciduous and sclerophyllous habitats in southern France have shown that: 1) the spring development of new leaves occurs later and more slowly in sclerophyllous than in deciduous oaks, 2) the biomass of caterpillars is much lower in sclerophyllous oak forests, and 3)there is a large variation in life history traits of the Blue Tit depending in which type of habitat they breed. Laying date occurs later and clutch size is lower in sclerophyllous habitats than in deciduous habitats. The evolution of life history traits is discussed according to whether poor sclerophyllous habitats are isolated (e.g. on Corsica) or are parts of landscapes including both habitat types.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clamens, A.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">THE IMPORTANCE OF TERRITORIAL BEHAVIOR AMONG BLUE TITS (PARUS-CAERULEUS) BREEDING IN A HOLM OAK FOREST</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Revue D Ecologie-La Terre Et La Vie</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biodiversidade</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">breeding pairs</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">France</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">holm oak forests</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">nest-boxes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Parus caeruleus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus ilex</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1987</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1987///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;GotoISI&gt;://WOS:A1987H853900005</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">42</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">311 - 320</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0249-7395</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In a ringed population of Blue Tits (Parus caeruleus) living in a Holm Oak (Quercus ilex) forest of Languedoc, Southern France, and provided with artificial nest-boxes, territorial behaviour plays a major role in limiting the number of breeding pairs. The experimental removal, or the spontaneous disappearance, of a breeding pair is followed by an increase in size of the territories of the neigbouring pairs, or by the arrival of non-ringed juvenile individuals settling in the vacant territory. In a Holm Oak forest without artificial nest-boxes, territorial behaviour does not play such a role, as the major limiting factor in that case is the number of available tree-holes. Pairs of Blue Tits settled on territories where Downy Oaks (Quercus pubescens) are mixed with Holm Oaks, lay their eggs four days earlier on the average, than Blue Tits breeding in pure Holm Oak forest. However, the number of fledglings per brood, and their body weight at 15 days of age, tend to be smaller. The benefit of a later laying date in pure Holm Oak forest quite likely lies in a better synchronization of the maximum nutritional requirements of the young, and of the period of maximum food availability in the environment.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">APSAPSThe following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;label: Biodiversidade</style></notes></record></records></xml>