<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lorenzo, Zaida</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Burgarella, Concetta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">de Heredia, Unai López</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lumaret, Roselyne</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Petit, Rémy J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soto, Álvaro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gil, Luis</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soto, Álvaro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gil, Luis</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Relevance of genetics for conservation policies: the case of Minorcan cork oaks</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Annals of Botany</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Balearic Islands</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cluster analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">conservation guidelines</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Conservation of Natural Resources</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genetic Variation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geography</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">marginal populations</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Minorca</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nuclear microsatellites</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Population Dynamics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Q. ilex (holm oak)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus suber (cork oak)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus: genetics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soil</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spain</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">western Mediterranean</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=2766195&amp;tool=pmcentrez&amp;rendertype=abstracthttp://aob.oxfordjournals.org/content/104/6/1069.abstract</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">104</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1069 - 1076</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Background and Aims Marginal populations of widely distributed species can be of high conservation interest when they hold a significant or unique portion of the genetic diversity of the species. However, such genetic information is frequently lacking. Here the relevance of genetic surveys to develop efficient conservation strategies for such populations is illustrated using cork oak (Quercus suber) from Minorca (Balearic Islands, Spain) as a case study. Cork oak is highly endangered on the island, where no more than 67 individuals live in small, isolated stands in siliceous sites. As a consequence, it was recently granted protected status.Methods Two Bayesian clustering approaches were used to analyse the genetic structure of the Minorcan population, on the basis of nuclear microsatellite data. The different groups within the island were also compared with additional island and continental populations surrounding Minorca.Key Results Very high genetic diversity was found, with values comparable with those observed in continental parts of the species' range. Furthermore, the Minorcan oak stands were highly differentiated from one another and were genetically related to different continental populations of France and Spain.Conclusions The high levels of genetic diversity and inter-stands differentiation make Minorcan cork oak eligible for specific conservation efforts. The relationship of Minorcan stands to different continental populations in France and Spain probably reflects multiple colonization events. However, discrepancy between chloroplast DNA- and nuclear DNA-based groups does not support a simple scenario of recent introduction. Gene exchanges between neighbouring cork oak stands and with holm oak have created specific and exceptional genetic combinations. They also constitute a wide range of potential genetic resources for research on adaptation to new environmental conditions. Conservation guidelines that take into account these findings are provided.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">From Duplicate 2 (Relevance of genetics for conservation policies: the case of Minorcan cork oaks - Lorenzo, Zaida; Burgarella, Concetta; de Heredia, Unai López; Lumaret, Roselyne; Petit, Rémy J; Soto, Álvaro; Gil, Luis)From Duplicate 2 (Relevance of genetics for conservation policies: the case of Minorcan cork oaks - Lorenzo, Zaida; Burgarella, Concetta; de Heredia, Unai López; Lumaret, Roselyne; Petit, Rémy J; Soto, Álvaro; Gil, Luis)The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;accession-num: 19671575</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lorenzo, Zaida</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Burgarella, Concetta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">de Heredia, Unai López</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lumaret, Roselyne</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Petit, Rémy J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soto, Álvaro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gil, Luis</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soto, Álvaro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gil, Luis</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Relevance of genetics for conservation policies: the case of Minorcan cork oaks</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Annals of Botany</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Balearic Islands</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cluster analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">conservation guidelines</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Conservation of Natural Resources</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genetic Variation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geography</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">marginal populations</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Minorca</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nuclear microsatellites</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Population Dynamics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Q. ilex (holm oak)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus suber (cork oak)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus: genetics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soil</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spain</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">western Mediterranean</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">104</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1069-1076</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Background and Aims Marginal populations of widely distributed species can be of high conservation interest when they hold a significant or unique portion of the genetic diversity of the species. However, such genetic information is frequently lacking. Here the relevance of genetic surveys to develop efficient conservation strategies for such populations is illustrated using cork oak (Quercus suber) from Minorca (Balearic Islands, Spain) as a case study. Cork oak is highly endangered on the island, where no more than 67 individuals live in small, isolated stands in siliceous sites. As a consequence, it was recently granted protected status.Methods Two Bayesian clustering approaches were used to analyse the genetic structure of the Minorcan population, on the basis of nuclear microsatellite data. The different groups within the island were also compared with additional island and continental populations surrounding Minorca.Key Results Very high genetic diversity was found, with values comparable with those observed in continental parts of the species' range. Furthermore, the Minorcan oak stands were highly differentiated from one another and were genetically related to different continental populations of France and Spain.Conclusions The high levels of genetic diversity and inter-stands differentiation make Minorcan cork oak eligible for specific conservation efforts. The relationship of Minorcan stands to different continental populations in France and Spain probably reflects multiple colonization events. However, discrepancy between chloroplast DNA- and nuclear DNA-based groups does not support a simple scenario of recent introduction. Gene exchanges between neighbouring cork oak stands and with holm oak have created specific and exceptional genetic combinations. They also constitute a wide range of potential genetic resources for research on adaptation to new environmental conditions. Conservation guidelines that take into account these findings are provided.</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">19671575</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">From Duplicate 2 (Relevance of genetics for conservation policies: the case of Minorcan cork oaks - Lorenzo, Zaida; Burgarella, Concetta; de Heredia, Unai López; Lumaret, Roselyne; Petit, Rémy J; Soto, Álvaro; Gil, Luis)</style></notes><research-notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">From Duplicate 2 (Relevance of genetics for conservation policies: the case of Minorcan cork oaks - Lorenzo, Zaida; Burgarella, Concetta; de Heredia, Unai López; Lumaret, Roselyne; Petit, Rémy J; Soto, Álvaro; Gil, Luis)</style></research-notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jalut, Guy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Esteban Amat, Augustin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bonnet, Louis</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gauquelin, Thierry</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fontugne, Michel</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Holocene climatic changes in the Western Mediterranean, from south-east France to south-east Spain</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">climatic changes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">holocene vegetation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">human impact</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pollen data</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">western Mediterranean</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2000</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">160</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">255-290</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Holocene climatic changes along coastal regions from south-east France to south-east Spain were studied using pollen ratios. Comparing modern pollen rain, vegetation and climate along selected transects from the Atlantic Ocean to the Mediterranean, we obtained threshold values of two diVerent ratios corresponding to the diVerent climatic conditions along the transects. These pollen ratios and threshold values were employed to characterize the Holocene climatic changes from nine Mediterranean coastal sites. The results were compared with data from marine and continental pollen sequences distributed in the western Mediterranean basin, and with additional regional data independent of human activity: lake-level ﬂuctuations, alpine glacier advance and retreat chronology, 14C anomaly and cooling phases in Eastern France and Central Europe. The role of anthropogenic activities and climate on the changes in vegetation is discussed. Six major changes in vegetation cover were identiﬁed. They correspond to aridiﬁcation phases that occurred around 9500–9000 yr BP (10 900–9700 cal BP), 7500–7000 yr BP (8400–7600 cal BP), 4500–4000 yr BP (5300–4200 cal BP), 3700–3300 yr BP (4300–3400 cal BP), 2600–1900 yr BP (2850–1730 cal BP) and 1300–1000 yr BP (1300–750 cal BP). These arid episodes were regional responses to more global climatic changes and determined the changes in the vegetation cover. Humans undoubtedly enhanced the vegetation changes, but none the less had to adapt to these new climatic conditions.</style></abstract></record></records></xml>