<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Palma, J H N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paulo, J a.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tomé, M</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carbon sequestration of modern Quercus suber L. silvoarable agroforestry systems in Portugal: a YieldSAFE-based estimation</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agroforestry Systems</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agricultural land</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">alley cropping</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dehesa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Land use change</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Modeling</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">montado</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">88</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">791-801</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Modern alley cropping designs, with trees aligned in rows and adapted to operating farming machinery, have been suggested for Europe. This paper explores the potential for adoption of cork oak (Quercus suber L.) agroforestry in Portugal and estimates the potential carbon sequestration. Spatial modeling and Portuguese datasets were used to estimate target areas where cork oak could grow on farmland. Different implementation scenarios were then modeled for this area assuming amodern silvoarable agroforestry system (113 trees ha-1 thinned at year 20 for establishing 50 trees ha-1). The YieldSAFE process-based model was used to predict the biomass and carbon yield of cork oak under low and high soil water holding capacity levels. Approximately 353,000 ha are available in Por- tugal for new cork oak alley cropping. Assuming implementation rates between 10 % of the area with low soil water capacity (60 mm: 15 cm depth, coarse texture) and70 %of the areawithhigh soilwaterholding capacity (1,228 mm: 200 cm depth, very fine texture), then carbon sequestration could be 5 9 106 and 123 9 106 Mg CO2 respectively. Due to higher yields on more productive land, scenarios of limited J. H. N. Palma (&amp;) ? J. A. Paulo ? M. Tome ´ FORCHANGE – Forest Ecosystems Management Under Global Change, Centro de Estudos Florestais, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal e-mail: joaopalma@isa.ulisboa.pt implementation implementation in high productivity locations can sequester similar amounts of carbon as wide implemen- tation on low productivity land, suggesting that a priori land classification assessments can improve the targeting of land and financial incentives for carbon sequestration.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">González-García, Sara</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dias, Ana Cláudia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arroja, Luis</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Life-cycle assessment of typical Portuguese cork oak woodlands.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Science of the total environment</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Environment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Environmental impact</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Forestry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Forestry: methods</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">montado</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Portugal</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus suber L.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reproduction cork</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trees</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elsevier B.V.</style></publisher><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">452-453</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">355-364</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cork forest systems are responsible for making an important economic contribution to the Mediterranean region, especially Portugal where the cork oak woodlands or montados contain about 32% of the world's area. The environmental profile derived from reproduction cork production and extraction in two Portuguese regions (Tagus valley and Alentejo) representative of the Portuguese sector were assessed in detail using the Life-Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology from a cradle-to-gate perspective. The production line was divided into four stages considering all the processes involved: stand establishment, stand management, cork stripping and field recovery. According to the environmental results, there were remarkable differences between the two production scenarios mainly due to the intensity and repetition of forest activities even though the cork yield was reported to be the same. The management system in the Alentejo region presented the worse environmental profile in almost all the impact categories under assessment, mainly due to the shorter cycle duration of the mechanical cleaning and pruning processes. Cork stripping was identified in both scenarios as the production stage with the highest contribution to the environmental profile due to the cleaning and pruning processes. A sensitivity assessment concerning the cork yield was performed since the average production yields in the Portuguese montados are lower than the ones used in this study. Thus, if the cork yield is reduced, the environmental profile in both scenarios gets worse since almost all the forest activities involved are the same.</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">23534999</style></accession-num></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pereira, Pedro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Godinho, Carlos</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gomes, Marisa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rabaça, João Eduardo</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The importance of the surroundings: are bird communities of riparian galleries influenced by agroforestry matrices in SW Iberian Peninsula?</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Annals of Forest Science</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">agroforestry gradient</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">breeding bird assemblages</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">montado</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">riparian galleries</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year></dates><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&amp; Context The remaining riparian stretches are often the unique suitable habitats for forest breeding birds in Mediterranean landscapes undergoing long-term changes. Understanding the interactions between riparian zones and their surroundings is critical to establish successful management actions. &amp; Aims We assessed the influence of surrounding matrix on riparian bird communities and the use of riparian galleries as surrogate habitats for the forest passerine communities of southwestern Iberia. &amp; Methods We used point counts in three simultaneous sampling stations, one in the riparian gallery and two in the adjacent matrix. Three matrix types were selected with a decreasing tree density gradient: dense montado, sparse montado, and open agricultural areas. Data were analysed with redundancy analysis and differences in species’ occurrences were tested with one-way ANOVA. &amp; Results In riparian galleries, we found bird species belong to three ecological guilds: riparian, woodland, and edge guilds. The richness of bird guilds and the occurrence of some species depended on the surrounding matrix type. Riparian bird richness was constant in all surrounding matrices, woodland bird guild was richer in galleries embedded in dense montados, and edge guild in riparian galleries surrounded by sparse montados. Five among 19 assessed species were influenced by matrix type, within particular a few strictly riparian species. Species richness increased close to riparian galleries, due to the increase in habitat heterogeneity and resource availability for birds in densely vegetated riversides. However, the occurrence of some bird species differed according to the type of surrounding matrix. &amp; Conclusion The matrix type explained most of the variance in riparian bird assemblages. Some woodland birds have used riparian galleries as surrogate habitat. Our study suggests that land use in the surrounding matrices must be taking into account for the management and rehabilitation of watercourses and bird conservation actions.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Almeida Ribeiro, Nuno</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Surový, Peter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yoshimoto, Atsushi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Optimal Regeneration Regime under Continuous Crown Cover Requirements in Cork Oak Woodlands</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">FORMATH</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cork oak woodland</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">decision support system</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dehesa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dynamic programming</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">in the present work</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">montado</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">montado/dehesa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">optimization</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">spatial growth simulator</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">the cork oak tree</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">83 - 102</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In the present work the cork oak tree spatial growth simulator CORKFITS is used to create candidate scenarios for generating a large set of regeneration regimes combining both time and intensity factors with the individual tree spatial information. An optimal regeneration regime under continuous crown cover requirements is sought by applying a dynamic programming algorithm. It is shown that the crown cover constraint inﬂuences the total cork production potential in a negative way. The target cover constraint of 50% decreases the cork production by 66% from the potential in 40 years in our mature plot, and approximately 43% in our young plot. Higher crown cover constraint of 70% decreases the potential cork production approximately by 54% in the mature plot and does not have any inﬂuence on the younger plot. The observed losses in cork production in relation with the potential with the crown cover constrains need to be compensated economically by the higher availability of growing space for the grazing and livestock part of the montado/dehesa production system</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Santos-Silva, C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gonçalves, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Louro, R.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Canopy cover influence on macrofungal richness and sporocarp production in montado ecosystems</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agroforestry Systems</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cork oak</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">crown influence</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Holm oak</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">macrofungal communities</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mediterranean ecosystem</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">montado</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Portugal</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.springerlink.com/index/10.1007/s10457-011-9374-7</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">82</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">149 - 159</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In this study we aimed to ﬁnd out how macrofungi richness and sporocarp production varies in relation to both canopy cover and proximity of crown projection area, in order to discuss strategies and point out management actions that ensure macrofungal communities sustainability in montado ecosystems. The sporocarp survey was conducted once every two weeks, from October to February, between 2007 and 2009 in two representative sites of the most common (cork and holm oak) open montado ecosystems in southern Portugal. Results showed that canopy cover strongly shaped macrofungal communities composition and yield. Denser canopy cover enhanced mycorrhizal richness and reduced saprotrophic yield. Furthermore, mycorrhizal richness and yield increased with tree proximity. Finally some forest management strategies are suggested in order to enhance macrofungal richness and productivity, in montado ecosystems.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Azul, Anabela Marisa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mendes, Sara Margarida</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sousa, José Paulo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Freitas, Helena</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fungal fruitbodies and soil macrofauna as indicators of land use practices on soil biodiversity in Montado</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agroforestry Systems</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecosystems monitoring</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fungal fruit-body</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">fungal fruit-body á soil</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">land use</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">macrofauna á</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">montado</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus suber L.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">soil macrofauna</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.springerlink.com/index/10.1007/s10457-010-9359-yhttp://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10457-010-9359-y</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">82</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">121 - 138</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The impacts of land use on soil biodiversity are still poorly understood, although soil fungi and macrofauna are recognized to provide beneÞts to ecosystems. Here, we tested whether land use practices used to control shrub density inßuences the fruiting macromycetes (ectomycorrhizal-forming fungiÑ ECMFÑand saprobes) and soil macrofauna diversity and abundance in Montado ecosystems. To address this inßuence, we conducted a 2-yearsÕ period monitoring of fungi fruitbodies and macrofauna in sixteen experimental plots in Montado landscape in southern Portugal. A total of 4,881 frutibodies (57 taxa of ECMF and 64 taxa of saprobic fungi) and 3,667 soil invertebrates (73 species and morphospecies) were monitored in the experimental plots. There was greater losses in sporocarps production and taxa composition, particularly the ECMF, in plots where shrub density was controlled by permanent grazing (Ca) or involving cutting practices followed by soil tillage (M), in comparison with cutting practices with no soil tillage (Cu) and the control (C). The ECMFLaccaria laccata and Xerocomus subtomentosus exhibited a close relation with C and Cu plots while the saprobes, e.g., Entoloma conferendum, were associated to Ca and M plots. Most species associated to Cu plots were present in C plots during the 2 years, but not in Cu after the cutting practices (in the second year of sampling). Regarding soil macrofauna, higher values of taxa and species richness were observed in C and Cu plots in the Þrst year of sampling. The ant species Aphaenogaster senilis and several Staphylinid morphospecies exhibited a close relation with M plots, whilst most spider families were directly associated to C and Cu plots. After the shrub cutting practices, higher values of taxa and species richness of soil macrofauna were observed in M and Ca plots; the presence of species with a high competitive ability to colonize disturbed areas faster might explain the results. Contrary to the frutibodies production and diversity, species richness and abundance within soil macrofauna were identical between Cu and C in 2004. Thus, fruiting macromycetes and soil macrofauna diversity and abundance in MontadoÕs, appear highly sensitive to land use and somewhat reßected a trend of severity to the current shrub management practices.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">da Silva, Pedro Martins</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aguiar, Carlos a S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">de Faria e Silva, Israel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Serrano, Artur R. M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Faria e Silva, Israel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Serrano, Artur R. M.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Orchard and riparian habitats enhance ground dwelling beetle diversity in Mediterranean agro-forestry systems</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biodiversity and Conservation</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1007</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">á land-use intensification á</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">á moisture traits</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">article</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">authorized users</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Beta diversity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coleoptera</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">coleoptera á beta diversity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">contains supplementary material</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">doi</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">electronic supplementary material the</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Land-use intensiﬁcation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moisture traits</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">montado</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mosaic á sclerophyllous woodland</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">online version of this</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">s10531-010-9987-6</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sclerophyllous woodland</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">which is available to</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">‘‘Montado’’ mosaic</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.springerlink.com/index/10.1007/s10531-010-9987-6http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10531-010-9987-6</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">20</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">861 - 872</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The relative contribution of mixed orchard and riparian vegetation patches to local and regional diversity of Mediterranean landscapes dominated by cork-oak woodlands was tested in 2006–2007 using ground, rove and darkling beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae, Staphylinidae, Tenebrionidae). Mixed orchard and riparian gallery habitats recorded higher values of abundance and species richness for overall beetle species, although most darkling beetle species were associated with the sclerophyllous cork-oak woodlands. Ground and rove beetle community structure changed from the orchard and riparian habitats to samples placed 100 m away into the surrounding cork-oak woodland, i.e., non-cork-oak patches enhanced beta diversity within the landscape mosaic. Analysis of ground beetle traits concerning moisture preferences revealed a higher proportion of hygrophilous species in mixed orchard and riparian gallery habitats while xerophilous species were dominant within the cork-oak woodlands. The results of this study suggested that land-use management promoting the maintenance of habitat heterogeneity enhances biodiversity conservation of important hygrophilous and xerophilous species, and subsequently the sustainable use of Mediterranean agro-forest mosaics.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Barrico, Lurdes</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rodríguez-Echeverría, Susana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Freitas, Helena</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diversity of soil basidiomycete communities associated with Quercus suber L. in Portuguese montados</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">European Journal of Soil Biology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Basidiomycete</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dehesa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dgge</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">diversity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">montado</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1164556310000294</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">46</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">280 - 287</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The montado is an agro-silvo pastoral system characterized by an open oak formation combined with shrubs or a rotation of cultures/pastures/fallow. A key, but frequently overlooked, component of these systems is the fungal community associated with the dominant oaks. We present a study of the basidiomycete community in montado areas of Quercus suber L. from Central-Western Portugal, based on fruiting body assessment and PCR-DGGE of soil mycelium. Soil available phosphorus and organic matter content were also determined. The most frequent fruiting body found in the cork oak montados belonged to Lactarius, Clitocybe, Russula and Cortinarius species. Lactarius chrysorrheus was the most widely distributed species. Soil management practices cause a temporal increase in soil available phosphorus, and harrowing and fertilizer application also result in an increase in soil organic matter content. Mechanical clearing with recent soil disturbance had a negative effect on the richness and diversity of the basidiomycete community assessed using fruiting body. The molecular analysis of the basidiomycete community separated the sites with recent shrub-removal from the others sites. Our results show that soil management techniques that avoid disturbance of the top-soil layers are the best way to preserve the structure and diversity of the soil fungal community in the montado.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;publisher: Elsevier Masson SAS</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hussain, M Z</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Otieno, D O</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mirzae, H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Li, Y L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schmidt, M W T</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Siebke, L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Foken, T</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ribeiro, N.a.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pereira, J S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tenhunen, J D</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CO2 exchange and biomass development of the herbaceous vegetation in the Portuguese montado ecosystem during spring</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agriculture, Ecosystems &amp; Environment</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecosystem productivity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Environmental regulators</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Herbaceous layer</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">montado</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Net ecosystem CO2 exchange</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soil moisture</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spring period</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">132</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">143-152</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Montado are spatially heterogeneous ecosystems that are economically important for the production of cork and herbaceous biomass that provide fodder for animals. Understanding of how trees and the herbaceous layer interact to determine pasture yield and the overall CO2 exchange of the herbaceous layer is crucial. Portable chambers were used to study CO2 exchange by the herbaceous layer component of the montado ecosystem in southern Portugal. Biomass, Net herbaceous layer CO2 exchange (NEE) and respiration (Reco) were measured in the open and understory locations between March and May, during the active growing period. Parameter ﬁts on the NEE data were performed using empirical hyperbolic light response model, while ecosystem respiration (Reco) data were ﬁtted with a two-parameter exponential model. Annual green biomass productions were 405.8 9.0 and 250.6 6.3 g m2 in the open and the understory, respectively. The respective maximum NEE during the day were 24.0 2.9 and 9.6 2.2 mmol m2 s 1 while maximum Reco were 20.6 2.2 and 10.0 1.6 mmol m2 s 1 , occurring in April. Photosynthetic photon ﬂux density (PPFD) explained more that 70% of variations in daytime NEE while soil temperature at 10 cm depth (Tsoil ) explained &gt;50% of the variations in Reco under non-limiting soil moisture conditions. Both the herbaceous layer communities shared similar plant functional types and no signiﬁcant difference in nutrient nitrogen (N) occurred between them. The two herbaceous layer components shared similar physiological characteristics and differences that arose in their CO2 uptake capacities and green biomass production were the result of microclimatic differences created by tree shading</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Li, Yue-Lin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tenhunen, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mirzaei, H.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hussain, M. Z.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Siebicke, L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Foken, T.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Otieno, D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schmidt, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ribeiro, N.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aires, L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pio, C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Banza, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pereira, J.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Assessment and up-scaling of CO2 exchange by patches of the herbaceous vegetation mosaic in a Portuguese cork oak woodland</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agricultural and Forest Meteorology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Herbaceous vegetation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Light response model</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">montado</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">net ecosystem exchange</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oak woodland</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">up-scaling</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0168192308000981</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">148</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1318 - 1331</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Long-term eddy covariance measurements over a montado oak woodland in southern Portugal have documented a vulnerability to predicted decreases in springtime rainfall, since water availability during spring limits annual CO2 gain, the growth of fodder for animals, and the production of cork by Quercus suber. The current study examined CO2 exchange of three different herbaceous vegetation components distributed over montado landscapes and within the footprint of long-term landscape eddy covariance monitoring studies. Simultaneous measurements with eddy covariance at two sites and with manually operated chambers at multiple locations revealed that slow drainage of shallow basins, the onset of drying at higher sites and a high release of CO2 below tree canopies signiﬁcantly inﬂuenced the overall course of montado ecosystem gas exchange during the spring. Hyperbolic light response models were employed to up-scale and compare herbaceous gas exchange with landscape net ecosystem CO2 ﬂux. The up-scaling demonstrates the importance of the herbaceous understory in determining annual carbon balance of the montado and suggests a relatively small additional CO2 uptake by the tree canopies and boles, i.e., by the aboveground tree compartment, during springtime. Annual ﬂux totals obtained during the extremely dry year 2005 and a normal precipitation year 2006 for the oak woodland and a nearby grassland were essentially the same, indicating that both ecosystems similarly exploit available resources. Based on comparisons with additional temperate grasslands, we can visualize the montado herbaceous cover as a typical European grassland canopy, but where temperature ﬂuctuations in winter control uptake, and where total production depends on springtime rainfall as it controls phenological events and eventually dieback of the vegetation. On the other hand, tree canopies remain active longer during late spring and early summer, modifying the montado response from that of grassland. Uncertainties in ﬂux estimates via both chamber and eddy covariance methodologies currently prevent a full understanding of vegetation/atmosphere coupling, of the recycling of CO2 between the understory communities and trees, and of relationships between exchange rates of individual components of the vegetation mosaic and overall carbon and water balances in montado landscapes.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8-9</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rosalino, L. M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Santos, Maria J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Beier, P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Santos-Reis, Margarida</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eurasian badger habitat selection in Mediterranean environments: Does scale really matter?</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mammalian Biology - Zeitschrift für Säugetierkunde</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">landscape ecology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">meles meles</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">montado</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Portugal</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1616504707000663</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">73</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">189 - 198</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">It is widely believed that spatial scale affects habitat selection, and should inﬂuence management options, especially for species with wide geographic distribution or large territories. Eurasian badger habitat selection has been well studied throughout most of its European distribution range, but never at multiple spatial scales. We used compositional analysis to assess habitat selection of Eurasian badgers in southern Portugal at four spatial scales (1, 4, 25, and 100 km 2 ). We assessed habitat use from setts, latrines and footprints presence, and road kills. Oak woodlands with understorey were selected at all scales, being the most preferred habitat at 3 scales (1, 4, and 100 km 2 ). Pastures were most selected at the scale of the 25 km 2 cell, but their use was not signiﬁcantly different from oak woodland with understorey. Shrubs and pastures were also secondly important at the majority of scales. Contrary to ﬁndings at northern latitudes, deciduous forests decreased in importance as cell size increased. In the highly humanized and fragmented landscape of southern Portugal, Eurasian badgers are selecting the matrix of oak woodlands interspersed with patches of pastures, shrubs and riparian vegetation. In these oak woodlands, scale does not have a marked effect. Management for badgers should provide, for at least, 30% of oak woodland cover at all scales. Our study illustrates the across-scale importance of maintaining the historically human altered, sustainable and unique landscape and land use system – the montado.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rosalino, L M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Santos, Maria J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Beier, P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Santos-Reis, Margarida</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eurasian badger habitat selection in Mediterranean environments: Does scale really matter?</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mammalian Biology - Zeitschrift für Säugetierkunde</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">landscape ecology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">meles meles</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">montado</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Portugal</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">73</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">189-198</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">It is widely believed that spatial scale affects habitat selection, and should inﬂuence management options, especially for species with wide geographic distribution or large territories. Eurasian badger habitat selection has been well studied throughout most of its European distribution range, but never at multiple spatial scales. We used compositional analysis to assess habitat selection of Eurasian badgers in southern Portugal at four spatial scales (1, 4, 25, and 100 km 2 ). We assessed habitat use from setts, latrines and footprints presence, and road kills. Oak woodlands with understorey were selected at all scales, being the most preferred habitat at 3 scales (1, 4, and 100 km 2 ). Pastures were most selected at the scale of the 25 km 2 cell, but their use was not signiﬁcantly different from oak woodland with understorey. Shrubs and pastures were also secondly important at the majority of scales. Contrary to ﬁndings at northern latitudes, deciduous forests decreased in importance as cell size increased. In the highly humanized and fragmented landscape of southern Portugal, Eurasian badgers are selecting the matrix of oak woodlands interspersed with patches of pastures, shrubs and riparian vegetation. In these oak woodlands, scale does not have a marked effect. Management for badgers should provide, for at least, 30% of oak woodland cover at all scales. Our study illustrates the across-scale importance of maintaining the historically human altered, sustainable and unique landscape and land use system – the montado.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gouveia, António C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Freitas, Helena</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Intraspecific competition and water use efficiency in Quercus suber: evidence of an optimum tree density?</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trees</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">carbon isotope discrimination</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">evergreen oak</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">montado</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Specific leaf area</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">stand density</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">22</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">521-530</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The dehesa and montado agroecosystems seem to be water-stress induced structures and some authors have found evidence of a relationship between stand tree density and mean annual precipitation. In order to assess the ecophysiological responses of Quercus suber to increasing tree density and to evaluate if there was evidence of an ‘‘optimum tree density’’ with respect to mean annual rainfall in our study area, we established a tree-density gradient of 20, 40, and 60 trees ha -1 , coded D20, D40, and D60, respectively. Trees in D40 plots had higher speciﬁc leaf area (SLA) values and the highest water content. Both D20 and D60 trees had leaves with higher dry matter content (LDMC). The trade-off between SLA and LDMC was very strong and placed D40 trees as the least stressed, in terms of leaf anatomy. We also found differences in mean carbon isotope discrimination (D), between different density plots, as big as 1.25%. Again, D40 trees discriminated more against 13 C than the trees from D20 and D60 plots, which suggests a less conservative water use strategy, possibly deriving from greater water availability. The lower water retention in the D20 areas and the increased competition for water resources in D60 plots placed trees, in both areas, in a more stressful situation, regarding water availability. The D40 areas thus seemed to represent a more favourable environment for Q. suber in our montado. Therefore, the areas with 40 trees ha -1 suggest the existence of an optimum tree density with respect to annual rainfall in our site, and may represent a compromise between an increased retention of water resources and intraspeciﬁc competition.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Costa, Augusta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Madeira, Manuel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oliveira, Ângelo Carvalho</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The relationship between cork oak growth patterns and soil, slope and drainage in a cork oak woodland in Southern Portugal</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Forest Ecology and Management</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cork yield</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">drainage</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">montado</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus Suber L</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">slope</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soil</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tree density</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0378112707008754</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">255</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1525 - 1535</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The inﬂuence of soil type, slope and drainage on tree growth patterns (density, tree size, crown canopy cover and cork yield) was assessed in a cork oak montado, located in Central-western Portugal, based on a GIS approach followed by ﬁeld survey. Five soil groups, that is, Arenosols, Regosols, Podzols, Luvisols and Gleysols, combined in three slope classes (ﬂat, undulating and steep) under two different hydromorphic conditions (normal or deﬁcient) were compared based on ﬁve cork oak stand parameters using ANOVA and PCA tests. The results showed a clear inﬂuence of soil type on cork oak growth patterns (cork yield, basal area, number of trees per hectare, crown canopy cover and circumference at breast height). In Arenosols all parameters showed maximum values and, in contrast, in Gleysols were found the minimum values. For instance, the average of the annual cork production for Gleysols (153 kg ha 1 year 1 ) was only 70% of the expected annual cork production of Arenosols (219 kg ha 1 year 1 ) and the average exploited tree density decreased from 56 trees ha 1 in Arenosols to 44 trees ha 1 in Gleysols, for an average exploited tree density of 53 trees ha 1 for the study area. Slope also seems to inﬂuence the cork oak growth patterns, as signiﬁcant statistical differences were found for cork oak growth parameters between slope classes: steep slopes decreased the cork production, the tree size (circumference at breast height) and the tree density. An overall PCA test showed that three main soil groups could be identiﬁed: (i) Arenosols and Podzols; (ii) Regosols and (iii) Luvisols and Gleysols, showing that the former, which could allow the tree root development, have a positive inﬂuence on the cork oak growth. A two-way analysis of variance, for soil type and slope, showed that the cork yield and the exploited tree density are clearly affected by these two factors interaction.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5-6</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Costa, Augusta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Madeira, Manuel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oliveira, Ângelo Carvalho</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The relationship between cork oak growth patterns and soil, slope and drainage in a cork oak woodland in Southern Portugal</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Forest Ecology and Management</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cork yield</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">drainage</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">montado</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus Suber L</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">slope</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soil</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tree density</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">255</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1525-1535</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The inﬂuence of soil type, slope and drainage on tree growth patterns (density, tree size, crown canopy cover and cork yield) was assessed in a cork oak montado, located in Central-western Portugal, based on a GIS approach followed by ﬁeld survey. Five soil groups, that is, Arenosols, Regosols, Podzols, Luvisols and Gleysols, combined in three slope classes (ﬂat, undulating and steep) under two different hydromorphic conditions (normal or deﬁcient) were compared based on ﬁve cork oak stand parameters using ANOVA and PCA tests. The results showed a clear inﬂuence of soil type on cork oak growth patterns (cork yield, basal area, number of trees per hectare, crown canopy cover and circumference at breast height). In Arenosols all parameters showed maximum values and, in contrast, in Gleysols were found the minimum values. For instance, the average of the annual cork production for Gleysols (153 kg ha 1 year 1 ) was only 70% of the expected annual cork production of Arenosols (219 kg ha 1 year 1 ) and the average exploited tree density decreased from 56 trees ha 1 in Arenosols to 44 trees ha 1 in Gleysols, for an average exploited tree density of 53 trees ha 1 for the study area. Slope also seems to inﬂuence the cork oak growth patterns, as signiﬁcant statistical differences were found for cork oak growth parameters between slope classes: steep slopes decreased the cork production, the tree size (circumference at breast height) and the tree density. An overall PCA test showed that three main soil groups could be identiﬁed: (i) Arenosols and Podzols; (ii) Regosols and (iii) Luvisols and Gleysols, showing that the former, which could allow the tree root development, have a positive inﬂuence on the cork oak growth. A two-way analysis of variance, for soil type and slope, showed that the cork yield and the exploited tree density are clearly affected by these two factors interaction.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>5</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Castro, M.</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rigueiro-Rodríguez, A.</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Silvopastoral systems in Portugal: Current status and future prospects</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agroforestry in Europe: Current Status and Future Prospects.</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">chestnut systems</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">montado</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">olive tree system</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Portugal</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pyrenean oak system</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.springerlink.com/index/M70P44700742411Q.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Springer</style></publisher><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">111 - 126</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Portugal has a high diversity of agroforestry systems like other Mediterranean countries. This is the result of the Mediterranean climate, great variability of bioclimatic conditions, a long history of land use, and a marked variation in land tenure between north and south of the country. Four major silvopastoral systems are described: two classically Mediterranean – montado and Olive tree system, and two typically of the transitional environment between Mediterranean and Temperate conditions – Pyrenean oak and Chestnut systems. Some products of traditional agroforestry systems such as charcoal, organic manure, livestock production and others have become less valuable with the socio-economic transformation of the 1960s. These systems have been declining from approximately 1950 onwards. Currently, the focus on sustainable agriculture, with greater emphasis on nature and landscape conservation, has meant that environmental values now represent new opportunities for income generation from these systems. A better understanding of traditional agroforestry systems is needed for the formulation of a specific European policy that will preserve European landscapes. This paper looks at the future potential for silvopastoral systems in Portugal based on current status.</style></abstract><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;periodical: Agroforestry in Europe: Current Status and Future Prospects.</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>7</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Castro, M</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rigueiro-Rodríguez, A</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Silvopastoral systems in Portugal: Current status and future prospects</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agroforestry in Europe: Current Status and Future Prospects.</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">chestnut systems</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">montado</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">olive tree system</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Portugal</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pyrenean oak system</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Springer</style></publisher><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">111-126</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Portugal has a high diversity of agroforestry systems like other Mediterranean countries. This is the result of the Mediterranean climate, great variability of bioclimatic conditions, a long history of land use, and a marked variation in land tenure between north and south of the country. Four major silvopastoral systems are described: two classically Mediterranean – montado and Olive tree system, and two typically of the transitional environment between Mediterranean and Temperate conditions – Pyrenean oak and Chestnut systems. Some products of traditional agroforestry systems such as charcoal, organic manure, livestock production and others have become less valuable with the socio-economic transformation of the 1960s. These systems have been declining from approximately 1950 onwards. Currently, the focus on sustainable agriculture, with greater emphasis on nature and landscape conservation, has meant that environmental values now represent new opportunities for income generation from these systems. A better understanding of traditional agroforestry systems is needed for the formulation of a specific European policy that will preserve European landscapes. This paper looks at the future potential for silvopastoral systems in Portugal based on current status.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ferreira, A G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ribeiro, N A</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Produção silvícola no montado.: Análise e reflexão sobre a gestão sustentada dos montados de sobreiro</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Revista de Ciências Agrarias</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">água</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">gestão sustentada</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">montado</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">regeneração (voyant)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">solo</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2007</style></year></dates><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">181-189</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">“Montados” are systems where several productions are in dynamic equilibrium both in space and time. This spatial and temporal organisation enabled the system maintenance by the hazard control of each production, which is related with the climatic variability of the Mediterranean climate. The “montados” are characteristic of the south of Portugal, where the cork oak is the mostly frequent. In the cork oak “montados” the main production is cork, mostly associated with grazing and/or agriculture. It should also be stated the important role of the “montado” in the soil and water conservation, habitat and biodiversity conservation and amenities. The maintenance of the “montado” productive potential is associated to their resilience, which is especially dependent on the soil. The identification system fragilities allow pointing out guide lines for the sustainable management of the cork oak “montados”.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ferreira, A. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ribeiro, N. A.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Produção silvícola no montado.: Análise e reflexão sobre a gestão sustentada dos montados de sobreiro</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Revista de Ciências Agrarias</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">água</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">gestão sustentada</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">montado</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">regeneração (voyant)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">solo</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2007</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2007///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.scielo.oces.mctes.pt/scielo.php?pid=S0871-018X2007000100018&amp;script=sci_arttext</style></url></web-urls></urls><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">181 - 189</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">“Montados” are systems where several productions are in dynamic equilibrium both in space and time. This spatial and temporal organisation enabled the system maintenance by the hazard control of each production, which is related with the climatic variability of the Mediterranean climate. The “montados” are characteristic of the south of Portugal, where the cork oak is the mostly frequent. In the cork oak “montados” the main production is cork, mostly associated with grazing and/or agriculture. It should also be stated the important role of the “montado” in the soil and water conservation, habitat and biodiversity conservation and amenities. The maintenance of the “montado” productive potential is associated to their resilience, which is especially dependent on the soil. The identification system fragilities allow pointing out guide lines for the sustainable management of the cork oak “montados”.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>47</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pereira, Miguel</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">O geo-processamento da informação e seu tratamento estatístico no âmbito do projecto Montado</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jornadas técnicas sobre a gestão ambiental e económica do ecossistema Montado / Dehesa</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">classificação</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">gestão (PG)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">montado</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SIG</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2006</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2006///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&amp;btnG=Search&amp;q=intitle:O+geo-processamento+da+informa??o+e+seu+tratamento+estat?stico+no+?mbito+do+projecto+Montado#0</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Junta de extremadura</style></publisher><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">O Montado é um sistema agro-silvo-pastoril que constitui simultaneamente um ecossistema natural de grande diversidade e uma fonte de recursos e riqueza para o homem. A sua compreensão requer cada vez mais uma abordagem mutidisciplinar capaz de abarcar todas as dimensões deste complexo ecossistema. A informação geográfica é cada vez mais um utensílio indispensável para a planificação e gestão do território. A correcta estruturação dos dados representa um desafio crescente nomeadamente no domínio do conhecimento georreferenciado. A combinação de Sistemas de Informação Geográfica (SIG) com ferramentas estatísticas adequadas permite tratar e visualizar grandes quantidades de informação, filtrando-a e simplificando-a para a sua posterior utilização; posteriormente, a aquisição de informação, o seu processamento e tratamento estatístico permite gerar nova informação, crucial para a boa gestão do Montado. A metodologia desenvolvida para o Montado demonstrou ser eficaz para obter uma classificação do Alentejo baseada em 6 grupos de variáveis (climatologia, usos de solo, tipo de floresta, economia, gado e litologia), permitindo a estratificação da escolha das herdades e garantindo assim que estas fossem representativas dos diferentes tipos de Montado existentes no Alentejo. A ferramenta de tratamento e visualização de dados (SIG e estatística) permite por sua vez extrapolar os dados recolhidos nas herdades para toda a região Alentejana.</style></abstract><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;periodical: Jornadas técnicas sobre a gestão ambiental e económica do ecossistema Montado / Dehesa</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>3</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pereira, Miguel</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">O geo-processamento da informação e seu tratamento estatístico no âmbito do projecto Montado</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jornadas técnicas sobre a gestão ambiental e económica do ecossistema Montado / Dehesa</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">classificação</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">gestão (PG)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">montado</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SIG</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2006</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Junta de extremadura</style></publisher><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">O Montado é um sistema agro-silvo-pastoril que constitui simultaneamente um ecossistema natural de grande diversidade e uma fonte de recursos e riqueza para o homem. A sua compreensão requer cada vez mais uma abordagem mutidisciplinar capaz de abarcar todas as dimensões deste complexo ecossistema. A informação geográfica é cada vez mais um utensílio indispensável para a planificação e gestão do território. A correcta estruturação dos dados representa um desafio crescente nomeadamente no domínio do conhecimento georreferenciado. A combinação de Sistemas de Informação Geográfica (SIG) com ferramentas estatísticas adequadas permite tratar e visualizar grandes quantidades de informação, filtrando-a e simplificando-a para a sua posterior utilização; posteriormente, a aquisição de informação, o seu processamento e tratamento estatístico permite gerar nova informação, crucial para a boa gestão do Montado. A metodologia desenvolvida para o Montado demonstrou ser eficaz para obter uma classificação do Alentejo baseada em 6 grupos de variáveis (climatologia, usos de solo, tipo de floresta, economia, gado e litologia), permitindo a estratificação da escolha das herdades e garantindo assim que estas fossem representativas dos diferentes tipos de Montado existentes no Alentejo. A ferramenta de tratamento e visualização de dados (SIG e estatística) permite por sua vez extrapolar os dados recolhidos nas herdades para toda a região Alentejana.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">David, Teresa Soares</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Intercepção da Precipitação em Árvores Isoladas de Quercus rotundifolia Lam</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Silva Lusitana</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evapotranspiration</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">interception loss</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">montado</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">rainfall redistribution</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2002</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">scielopt</style></publisher><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1-15</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0870-6352 UL - http://www.scielo.gpeari.mctes.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0870-63522002000100001&amp;nrm=iso</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rainfall interception was monitored for two years in an isolated Quercus rotundifolia Lam. tree, in a low-density oak woodland (montado) near Évora. Interception loss was 21.7% of gross rainfall and 28% of tree evapotranspiration. Rainfall redistribution under the crown resulted in rainfall increases in upwind directions (South and West) and depletions downwind (North and East). Rainfall concentration in some areas beneath the crown is certainly of importance in explaining the spatial heterogeneity of the understory.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">David, Teresa Soares</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Intercepção da Precipitação em Árvores Isoladas de Quercus rotundifolia Lam</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Silva Lusitana</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evapotranspiration</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">interception loss</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">montado</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">rainfall redistribution</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2002</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2002///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1 - 15</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0870-6352 UL - http://www.scielo.gpeari.mctes.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0870-63522002000100001&amp;nrm=iso</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rainfall interception was monitored for two years in an isolated Quercus rotundifolia Lam. tree, in a low-density oak woodland (montado) near Évora. Interception loss was 21.7% of gross rainfall and 28% of tree evapotranspiration. Rainfall redistribution under the crown resulted in rainfall increases in upwind directions (South and West) and depletions downwind (North and East). Rainfall concentration in some areas beneath the crown is certainly of importance in explaining the spatial heterogeneity of the understory.</style></abstract><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;publisher: scielopt</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>13</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Falcão, André</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Simulação e projecção de alternativas de gestão para o montado de sobro</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">alternativas</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cortiça</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Descortiçamento (voyant)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">gestão</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">idade</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">montado</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">simulação</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2002</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2002///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.di.fc.ul.pt/~afalcao/docs/DT4-Montado.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lisboa</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A simulação de alternativas de gestão para o montado de sobro reveste-se de diversas subtilezas que a diferenciam dos tradicionais sistemas silvícolas de produção. Isto devido em particular à ecologia da espécie e à forma tradicional como estes sistemas têm sido geridos. De particular relevo é o facto da principal intervenção produtiva no montado (o descortiçamento) não ter um efeito destrutivo nem obrigar a uma regeneração do coberto arbóreo. Outra questão não menos premente é a dificuldade em elaborar modelos de produção e de crescimento desta espécie que se adequem à integração num simulador de alternativas de gestão. Finalmente, e tendo os modelos de produção adequados, a questão é fundamental é: como se gere o montado de sobro? quais são as possibilidades que um produtor tem de gerir o seu montado? Este documento procura responder a estas questões. Assim, descreve-se o módulo de apoio à decisão do programa SADGEM. Este componente é constituido por 3 aplicativos distintos: Um simulador de alternativas de gestão, um gerador de restrições e um modelo de gestão previamente parametrizado. O gerador de alternativas de gestão usa informação de inventário e geográfica recuperada directamente do SGBD. Neste trabalho detalha-se, em primeiro lugar, o modelo de produção utilizado para efectuar a simulação. Seguidamente, descrevem-se os requisitos de dados necessários para alimentar o modelo e finalmente todos os mecanismos de geração de alternativas de gestão para montados de sobro. Dá-se ainda algum relevo ao tipo de informação produzida pelo simulador e sistema de pré-processamento de soluções.</style></abstract><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;secondary-title: Documento Técnico&lt;br/&gt;periodical: Documento Técnico</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>13</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Falcão, André</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Simulação e projecção de alternativas de gestão para o montado de sobro</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Documento Técnico</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">alternativas</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cortiça</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Descortiçamento (voyant)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">gestão</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">idade</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">montado</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">simulação</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2002</style></year></dates><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lisboa</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A simulação de alternativas de gestão para o montado de sobro reveste-se de diversas subtilezas que a diferenciam dos tradicionais sistemas silvícolas de produção. Isto devido em particular à ecologia da espécie e à forma tradicional como estes sistemas têm sido geridos. De particular relevo é o facto da principal intervenção produtiva no montado (o descortiçamento) não ter um efeito destrutivo nem obrigar a uma regeneração do coberto arbóreo. Outra questão não menos premente é a dificuldade em elaborar modelos de produção e de crescimento desta espécie que se adequem à integração num simulador de alternativas de gestão. Finalmente, e tendo os modelos de produção adequados, a questão é fundamental é: como se gere o montado de sobro? quais são as possibilidades que um produtor tem de gerir o seu montado? Este documento procura responder a estas questões. Assim, descreve-se o módulo de apoio à decisão do programa SADGEM. Este componente é constituido por 3 aplicativos distintos: Um simulador de alternativas de gestão, um gerador de restrições e um modelo de gestão previamente parametrizado. O gerador de alternativas de gestão usa informação de inventário e geográfica recuperada directamente do SGBD. Neste trabalho detalha-se, em primeiro lugar, o modelo de produção utilizado para efectuar a simulação. Seguidamente, descrevem-se os requisitos de dados necessários para alimentar o modelo e finalmente todos os mecanismos de geração de alternativas de gestão para montados de sobro. Dá-se ainda algum relevo ao tipo de informação produzida pelo simulador e sistema de pré-processamento de soluções.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pinto-Correia, T</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mascarenhas, J</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Contribution to the extensification/intensification debate: new trends in the Portuguese montado</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Landscape and Urban Planning</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">extensification</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">intensification</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">land use</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">landscape</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">montado</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1999</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">46</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">125-131</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The montado is the agro-silvo pastoral system speci®c to the region of Alentejo, Southern Portugal, comprising an open formation of cork and holm oaks in varying densities, combined with a rotation of crops/fallow/pastures. Case studies in different areas of Alentejo, combining the land use and the farmers' decision making, have shown recent extensi®cation in different sub-types of montado. The agro-silvo pastoral system is in transition towards a silvo-pastoral or even purely forestry system. Cultivation is becoming less important in the system rotation, whereas livestock production is becoming more relevant and the ground cover is used only as pasture. The cork is still valuable and, in most cases, is the ®rst priority in the exploitation. New alternative uses are arising; they include hunting and rural tourism, both intended to support the preservation of the traditional landscapes. All these uses are supported directly or indirectly by the EU's CAP; for example, through agro-environmental measures. Although scrub patches are becoming larger, complete land abandonment is rare. These land use systems are based on a use that is even more extensive. Consequently the landscape is changing, but a new equilibrium, displaying new land cover mosaics, might be attained. Concomitantly, intensi®cation is occurring in certain areas. It causes degradation as a result of various management factors: (a) harvesting activity and deep ploughing in the areas where crops are cultivated, (b) too high stocking rates in relation to the carrying capacity of the system, impeding, for example, the natural regeneration of the tree cover; (c) introduction of heavy cattle breeds, which aggravates the problem of overstocking and results in direct damage to the soil structure and to the tree root system. The clearing of the shrub layer with heavy machinery affects the Quercus regeneration in both extensively and intensively managed patches, but no effective alternatives have yet been found. Today, the main landscape problem of the montado is not the abandonment of the system due to extensi®cation, but is rather: (1) whether the current extensi®cation is leading to a new equilibrium in an extensive silvo-pastoral or merely forestry system, and what type of landscape mosaic this change is creating; and (2) whether it is possible to avoid short-term intensi®cation and improve mechanisation to clear shrubs without degradation; (3) to what extent these changes depend on the CAP and how they will react to CAP changes in the future.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Almeida, J</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Caracterização da avifauna nidificante num montado de azinho Quercus rotundifolia por aplicação do método dos mapas: dois anos de estudo</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Airo</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Avifauna nidificante</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">método-dos-mapas (PG)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">montado</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1997</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1-6</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Com o objectivo de obter informação de base sobre a composição e estrutura das comunidades de aves dos povoamentos florestais com mais expressão em Portugal, a avifauna nidificante numa parcela de 10ha de montado de azinho foi estudada durante duas épocas de reprodução (1989 e 1990), por aplicação do métod-dos-mapas. Registou-se uma grande estabilidade na composição da comunidade nidificante, assim como no número e traçado dos territórios delineados nos dois anos por aquele método. O número de espécies nidificantes variou entre 13 e 14, a densidade entre 30 e 31 casais/10 ha, a diversidade entre 3,45 e 3,34 e a equiparação entre 0,9 e 0,91</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oliveira, G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Martins-Loução, M a</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nutrient dynamics in crown tissues of cork-oak (Quercus suber L?.)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trees-Structure and …</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evergreen oaks</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">macronutrients</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">montado</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">seasonal patterns</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tissue nutrient contents</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1996</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1996///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.springerlink.com/index/q29gp8tjeymuh2kx.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">247 - 254</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The seasonal fluctuation of N, P, K, Ca and Mg in leaves, young stems and fruits of young and mature Quercus suber trees growing at the same site was studied. Nutrient dynamics within the tree appeared to be linked to phenological events. Leaves maximized their nutrient con- tents throughout summer whereas stems maintained rather constant values during most of the year. Before the spring growth flush they apparently acted as temporary reservoirs for some nutrients, translocated from leaves or other organs, so that such nutrients would be easily invested in the new tissues. A significant investment was made in sink organs like flowers and fruits. The tree probably relies not only on leaves but also on other nutrient reservoirs like older branches and roots for an adequate supply to those sinks and to the spring growth. The importance of the sampling dates and the basis of expression used for nutrient concen- trations has also been emphasized. Nutrient contents and seasonal trends of the studied trees were similar to those of other evergreen oaks, although somewhat higher values for N, K, and Mg were found. Moreover, soil nutrient contents in the studied &quot;montado&quot; were much lower than in other Iberic oak stands. However the nutrient status and require- ments of cork-oak suggest high (or at least adequate) nutrient availability to the trees. The mechanisms by which this could be achieved are discussed.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oliveira, G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Martins-Loução, M a</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nutrient dynamics in crown tissues of cork-oak (Quercus suber L?.)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trees-Structure and …</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evergreen oaks</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">macronutrients</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">montado</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">seasonal patterns</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tissue nutrient contents</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1996</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">247-254</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The seasonal fluctuation of N, P, K, Ca and Mg in leaves, young stems and fruits of young and mature Quercus suber trees growing at the same site was studied. Nutrient dynamics within the tree appeared to be linked to phenological events. Leaves maximized their nutrient con- tents throughout summer whereas stems maintained rather constant values during most of the year. Before the spring growth flush they apparently acted as temporary reservoirs for some nutrients, translocated from leaves or other organs, so that such nutrients would be easily invested in the new tissues. A significant investment was made in sink organs like flowers and fruits. The tree probably relies not only on leaves but also on other nutrient reservoirs like older branches and roots for an adequate supply to those sinks and to the spring growth. The importance of the sampling dates and the basis of expression used for nutrient concen- trations has also been emphasized. Nutrient contents and seasonal trends of the studied trees were similar to those of other evergreen oaks, although somewhat higher values for N, K, and Mg were found. Moreover, soil nutrient contents in the studied &quot;montado&quot; were much lower than in other Iberic oak stands. However the nutrient status and require- ments of cork-oak suggest high (or at least adequate) nutrient availability to the trees. The mechanisms by which this could be achieved are discussed.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Díaz, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">González, E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MUNOZPULIDO, R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">NAVESO, M. A.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">EFFECTS OF FOOD ABUNDANCE AND HABITAT STRUCTURE ON SEED-EATING RODENTS IN SPAIN WINTERING IN MAN-MADE HABITATS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ZEITSCHRIFT FUR SAUGETIERKUNDE-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MAMMALIAN BIOLOGY</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">abundance patterns</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">acorn predation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mediterranean</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">montado</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">rodents</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1993</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1993///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">58</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">302 - 311</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The patterns of abundance and seed (acorn) predation races were analyzed in granivorous rodents (mainly the wood mouse Apodemus sylvaticus L.) wintering in two man-made habitats: cereal croplands, and a kind of wood-pasture exclusive to the western Mediterranean basin, the dehesas. Both seed (acorn) abundance ana vegetation structure were also measured. Within dehesas, neither rodent abundance nor acorn predation rates were related to acorn abundance, whereas there Tvas a significant. association between rodent abundance and shrub cover at the end of winter. These results were coincident with previous findings in croplands. Both rodent abundances and seed predation rates were lower in dehesas than in croplands, despite the better structural and trophic conditions of the first habitat for rodents (larger shrub cover and food abundance). However, the body condition of animals was better in dehesas, to the extent that we found strong evidence for mincer reproduction. Rodent predator communities appear to be more diverse and denser in dehesas than in croplands. This suggests a heavier predation pressure in dehesas which would have culled rodent populations in such a way chat food Tvas plentiful for survivors, rhus explaining their scarcity, good body condition, and low dependence on food resources.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">APSAPSThe following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;pub-location: VILLENGANG 2, D-07745 JENA, GERMANY&lt;br/&gt;publisher: GUSTAV FISCHER VERLAG</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diaz, M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">González, E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MUNOZPULIDO, R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">NAVESO, M A</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">EFFECTS OF FOOD ABUNDANCE AND HABITAT STRUCTURE ON SEED-EATING RODENTS IN SPAIN WINTERING IN MAN-MADE HABITATS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ZEITSCHRIFT FUR SAUGETIERKUNDE-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MAMMALIAN BIOLOGY</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">abundance patterns</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">acorn predation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mediterranean</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">montado</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">rodents</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1993</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GUSTAV FISCHER VERLAG</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">VILLENGANG 2, D-07745 JENA, GERMANY</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">58</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">302-311</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The patterns of abundance and seed (acorn) predation races were analyzed in granivorous rodents (mainly the wood mouse Apodemus sylvaticus L.) wintering in two man-made habitats: cereal croplands, and a kind of wood-pasture exclusive to the western Mediterranean basin, the dehesas. Both seed (acorn) abundance ana vegetation structure were also measured. Within dehesas, neither rodent abundance nor acorn predation rates were related to acorn abundance, whereas there Tvas a significant. association between rodent abundance and shrub cover at the end of winter. These results were coincident with previous findings in croplands. Both rodent abundances and seed predation rates were lower in dehesas than in croplands, despite the better structural and trophic conditions of the first habitat for rodents (larger shrub cover and food abundance). However, the body condition of animals was better in dehesas, to the extent that we found strong evidence for mincer reproduction. Rodent predator communities appear to be more diverse and denser in dehesas than in croplands. This suggests a heavier predation pressure in dehesas which would have culled rodent populations in such a way chat food Tvas plentiful for survivors, rhus explaining their scarcity, good body condition, and low dependence on food resources.</style></abstract><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">APS</style></notes><research-notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">APS</style></research-notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Correia, T P</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Threatened landscape in Alentejo, Portugal: the 'montado'and other 'agro-silvo-pastoral'systems</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Landscape and Urban Planning</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">land use (voyant)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">landscape</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">montado</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1993</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">24</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">43-48</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In Portugal agro-silvo-pastoral systems correspond to the mixed land use types characteristic of the region of Alentejo, in the southern part of the country. There is a triple and complementary use of the land, adapted to the low potentialities of the soil and to the Mediterranean climate: open evergreen forest (oaks, olive and chestnut trees), grazing and cultivation. Due to their mixed characteristics and to the extensive form of exploitation, these systems constitute varied landscapes of high biological diversity. They have been managed through decades as an almost self-maintained system, with a minimum of human work input, but furnishing nevertheless the necessary outputs for the dispersed rural population of the area. Actually, due to the decrease in the economic value of some of the products concerned and to the changing context for Portuguese agriculture, these agro-silvo-pastoral systems have registered perturbations by intensification or extensification; in both cases there is a degradation or disappearance of the corresponding landscapes.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Correia, T. P.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Threatened landscape in Alentejo, Portugal: the 'montado'and other 'agro-silvo-pastoral'systems</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Landscape and Urban Planning</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">land use (voyant)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">landscape</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">montado</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1993</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1993///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/016920469390081N</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">24</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">43 - 48</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In Portugal agro-silvo-pastoral systems correspond to the mixed land use types characteristic of the region of Alentejo, in the southern part of the country. There is a triple and complementary use of the land, adapted to the low potentialities of the soil and to the Mediterranean climate: open evergreen forest (oaks, olive and chestnut trees), grazing and cultivation. Due to their mixed characteristics and to the extensive form of exploitation, these systems constitute varied landscapes of high biological diversity. They have been managed through decades as an almost self-maintained system, with a minimum of human work input, but furnishing nevertheless the necessary outputs for the dispersed rural population of the area. Actually, due to the decrease in the economic value of some of the products concerned and to the changing context for Portuguese agriculture, these agro-silvo-pastoral systems have registered perturbations by intensification or extensification; in both cases there is a degradation or disappearance of the corresponding landscapes.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oliveira, G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Correia, O A</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Water relations of crok-oak (Quercus suber L.) under natural conditions</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant Ecology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mediterranean climate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">montado</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus suber</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">soil-to-leaf hydraulic conductivity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stomatal conductance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Transpiration</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1992</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1992///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.springerlink.com/index/v1675t7354l52260.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">99-100</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">199 - 208</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Daily and annual courses of leaf transpiration, stomatal conductance and shoot water potential of four Quercus suber individuals were compared in a semi-natural stand in southwest Portugal, from spring 1989 to early summer 1990. The trees investigated showed annual patterns typical of evergreen sclerophyllous species but varied in their range of stomatal operation. This appeared to be related to differences in hydraulic conductiv- ity in the root-to-leaf pathway. Maximum stomatal conductance and transpiration rates occurred from March to June. Water stress was found to be moderate and winter cold stress due to low air and soil temperatures appeared to have an influence on plant water balance through their effects on flow resistances. Abbreviations.&quot; g ..... stomatal conductance; g ....... maximum stomatal conductance, PAR, photosyntheti- cally active radiation; RH, relative humidity of the air; T, leaf transpiration; Ta, air temperature; TL, leaf temperature; T ........ maximum leaf transpiration; AW, air-to-leaf vapor pressure difference; W, shoot water potential; tIJPD, predawn shoot water potential; ttJMIN, minimum shoot water potential.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oliveira, G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Correia, O A</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Water relations of crok-oak (Quercus suber L.) under natural conditions</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant Ecology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mediterranean climate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">montado</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus suber</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">soil-to-leaf hydraulic conductivity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stomatal conductance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Transpiration</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1992</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">99-100</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">199-208</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Daily and annual courses of leaf transpiration, stomatal conductance and shoot water potential of four Quercus suber individuals were compared in a semi-natural stand in southwest Portugal, from spring 1989 to early summer 1990. The trees investigated showed annual patterns typical of evergreen sclerophyllous species but varied in their range of stomatal operation. This appeared to be related to differences in hydraulic conductiv- ity in the root-to-leaf pathway. Maximum stomatal conductance and transpiration rates occurred from March to June. Water stress was found to be moderate and winter cold stress due to low air and soil temperatures appeared to have an influence on plant water balance through their effects on flow resistances. Abbreviations.&quot; g ..... stomatal conductance; g ....... maximum stomatal conductance, PAR, photosyntheti- cally active radiation; RH, relative humidity of the air; T, leaf transpiration; Ta, air temperature; TL, leaf temperature; T ........ maximum leaf transpiration; AW, air-to-leaf vapor pressure difference; W, shoot water potential; tIJPD, predawn shoot water potential; ttJMIN, minimum shoot water potential.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>3</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Martin Bellido, M</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PRODUCCIÓN ANIMAL EN EL SUROESTE ESPAÑOL</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">II Reunión Ibérica de Pastos y Forrajes Badajoz</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cerdo Ibérico</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dehesa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ganado caprino</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ganado ovino</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ganado vacuno</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">montado</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1989</style></year></dates><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Badajoz</style></pub-location><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">309-333</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">En el S.O. peninsular se desarrolla un ecosistema, la &quot;dehesa&quot; en España y los &quot;montados&quot; en Portugal, carac terizado por la presencia conjunta de especies vegetales (herbáceas y arbustivas) y animales (domésticas y salva- jes). Se extiende en España por las provincias de Zamora, Salamanca, Avila, Toledo, Ciudad Real, Cáceres, Badajoz, Córdoba, Sevilla, Huelva y Cádiz abarcando más de 5 millo nes de hectáreas. En Portugal tiene 1 millón de hectáreas y se extiende por el Alentejo. Es una zona eminentemente ganadera donde se crian una serie de razas autóctonas dependiendo fundamentalmen- te de los recursos naturales para su alimentación. Es ca- racterístico de la zona la utilización de suplementación en épocas de escasez de pastos. Las razas más importantes son: Retinto, Morucha y Avileño-Negro Ibérico con más de 134, 109 y 76 mil cabezas en la zona respectivamente. En cuanto a ganado ovino, éste se cría principalmente para producción de carne y las razas de más efectivos son la Merina, Castellana, Manchega y Talaverana con más de 2.165, 759, 610 y 288 mil cabezas en la región respectiva- mente. El ganado caprino en dehesa representa el 46,22% del censo existente en España, siendo las razas Serrana, Verata, Malagueña y Retinta las más extendidas en la zona. Por último, el cerdo Ibérico con alrededor de 70 mil reproductoras en la dehesa se encuentra en un momento de expectativas ante una nueva normativa de la CEE y su repercusión en la zona. Resumiendo, la dehesa es una zona de amplios recur- sos naturales para la cría extensiva de ganado que poste- riormente en muchos casos es engordado y sacrificado fue- ra de la zona. La utilización integral de los recursos pro pios puede generar un valor añadido a estas producciones</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>32</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carvalho, E. F. N.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">O passado, o presente eo futuro dos montados. Estudo económico agrícola no Distrito de Beja</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Beja</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">montado</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus rotundifolia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus suber</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1870</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1870///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.repository.utl.pt/handle/10400.5/3182</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">NA</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>2</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Luz, C S</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Os montados em Portugal</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">montado</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus rotundifolia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus suber</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1866</style></year></dates><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">58</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">NA</style></abstract></record></records></xml>