<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carranca, C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Castro, I. V.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Figueiredo, N.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Redondo, R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rodrigues, a R. F.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Saraiva, I.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maricato, R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Madeira, M. a V.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Influence of tree canopy on N2 fixation by pasture legumes and soil rhizobial abundance in Mediterranean oak woodlands.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Science of the total environment</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Above and belowground organ</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agro forestry system</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cutting frequency</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">light</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus Suber L</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25460942</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">506-507</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">86 - 94</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Symbiotic N2 fixation is of primordial significance in sustainable agro-forestry management as it allows reducing the use of mineral N in the production of mixed stands and by protecting the soils from degradation. Thereby, on a 2-year basis, N2 fixation was evaluated in four oak woodlands under Mediterranean conditions using a split-plot design and three replicates. (15)N technique was used for determination of N2 fixation rate. Variations in environmental conditions (temperature, rainfall, radiation) by the cork tree canopy as well as the age of stands and pasture management can cause great differences in vegetation growth, legume N2 fixation, and soil rhizobial abundance. In the present study, non-legumes dominated the swards, in particular beneath the tree canopy, and legumes represented only 42% of total herbage. A 2-fold biomass reduction was observed in the oldest sown pasture in relation to the medium-age sward (6tDWha(-1)yr(-1)). Overall, competition of pasture growth for light was negligible, but soil rhizobial abundance and symbiotic N2 fixation capacity were highly favored by this environmental factor in the spring and outside the influence of tree canopy. Nitrogen derived from the atmosphere was moderate to high (54-72%) in unsown and sown swards. Inputs of fixed N2 increased from winter to spring due to more favorable climatic conditions (temperature and light intensity) for both rhizobia and vegetation growths. Assuming a constant fixation rate at each seasonal period, N2 fixation capacity increased from about 0.10kgNha(-1) per day in the autumn-winter period to 0.15kgNha(-1) per day in spring. Belowground plant material contributed to 11% of accumulated N in pasture legumes and was not affected by canopy. Size of soil fixing bacteria contributed little to explain pasture legumes N.</style></abstract><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;publisher: Elsevier B.V.&lt;br/&gt;accession-num: 25460942</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ASTOLFI, Stefania</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MARIANELLO, Chiara</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GREGO, Stefano</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BELLAROSA, Rosanna</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Preliminary Investigation of LED Lighting as Growth Light for Seedlings from Different Tree Species in Growth Chambers</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">beech</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">glutamine synthetase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Holm oak</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">light</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">lipid peroxidation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rubisco</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">wild cherry</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.notulaebotanicae.ro/index.php/nbha/article/view/8221/7052</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">40</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">31 - 38</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The influence of light quality on growth and metabolic activity during pre-cultivation (in miniplug containers) of beech (Fagus sylvatica L.), holm oak (Quercus ilex L.) and wild cherry (Prunus avium) plants was investigated. Seedlings were grown in a growth chamber for a month under light-emitting diode (LED) light or fluorescent light. The LED lamps (Valoya) used in this study emitted a continuous spectrum thanks to a mixture of blue, green, red and far-red LEDs. Our results showed that plant response to light quality seems to be related to the plant species. In particular, in beech seedlings fresh and dry weight, shoot height and leaf area were greatest when plants were cultured under LED light, and lowest under fluorescent lamps. Furthermore, we found that LED-induced reduction of chlorophyll contents in beech and holm oak leaves resulted in an increase of the carboxylase capacity of Rubisco in the same plant species suggesting an improvement of light-use-efficiency in these plants. These results indicate that LED light may be suitable for the culture of plants in tightly controlled environments. The comparison of malondialdehyde levels between LED and fluorescent grown plants strongly supports this idea.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moreno Marcos, G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Obrador, J. J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">García, E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cubera, E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Montero, M. J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pulido, F.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dupraz, C.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Driving competitive and facilitative interactions in oak dehesas through management practices</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agroforestry Systems</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">acorn production</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">forage yield</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">light</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">microclimate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">root system</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">soil resources</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2007</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2007///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.springerlink.com/index/10.1007/s10457-007-9036-y</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">70</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">25 - 40</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dehesas are extant multi-purpose agroforestry systems that consist of a mosaic of widely-spaced scattered oaks (Quercus ilex L.) combined with crops, pasture or shrubs. We aimed to clarify the role of trees in dehesas of CW Spain focussed on the analysis of treeunderstorey interactions. Spatial variability of resources (light, soil moisture and fertility), microclimate, ﬁne roots of both herbaceous plants and trees and forage yield was measured. Additionally, we compared the nutritional and physiological status, growth and acorn production of oaks in cropped (fodder crop), grazed (native grasses) and encroached (woody understorey) dehesa plots. Signiﬁcant light interception by trees was limited to the close vicinity of the trees, with very low reduction away from them. Both microclimate and soil fertility improved signiﬁ- cantly in the trees vicinity, irrespective of soil management. Soil moisture varied very few with distance from the trees, as a result of the extended root system of oaks. Root systems of trees and herbs did not overlap to a great extent. Crop production was higher beneath trees than beyond the trees in unfertilised plots and foliar nutrient content of oaks did not increase signiﬁcantly with crop fertilisation, indicating that trees and crops hardly compete for nutrients. Moreover, trees beneﬁted from the crop or pasture management: trees featured a signiﬁcantly improved nutritional and physiological status, a faster growth and a higher fruit productivity than trees growing in encroached or forest plots.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Filella, Iolanda</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Penuelas, Josep</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Llusia, Joan</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dynamics of the enhanced emissions of monoterpenes and methyl salicylate, and decreased uptake of formaldehyde, by Quercus ilex leaves after application of jasmonic acid</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">New Phytologist</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carbon dioxide</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carbon Dioxide: metabolism</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cyclopentanes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cyclopentanes: pharmacology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dehydration</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Formaldehyde</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Formaldehyde: metabolism</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">jasmonic acid (JA)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">light</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">methyl salicylate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Monoterpenes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Monoterpenes: metabolism</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">net photosynthetic rates</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oxylipins</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">photosynthesis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant Leaves</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant Leaves: drug effects</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant Leaves: metabolism</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus ilex (holm oak)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus: drug effects</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus: metabolism</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salicylates</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salicylates: metabolism</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stomatal conductance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Temperature</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">VOC (volatile organic compound)</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2006</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2006///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16390425http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2005.01570.x</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">169</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">135 - 144</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">* • Jasmonic acid (JA) is a signalling compound with a key role in both stress and development in plants, and is reported to elicit the emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Here we studied the dynamics of such emissions and the linkage with photosynthetic rates and stomatal conductance. * • We sprayed JA on leaves of the Mediterranean tree species Quercus ilex and measured the photosynthetic rates, stomatal conductances, and emissions and uptake of VOCs using proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry and gas chromatography after a dark–light transition. * • Jasmonic acid treatment delayed the induction of photosynthesis and stomatal conductance by approx. 20 min, and decreased them 24 h after spraying. Indications were found of both stomatal and nonstomatal limitations of photosynthesis. Monoterpene emissions were enhanced (20–30%) after JA spraying. Jasmonic acid also increased methyl salicylate (MeSa) emissions (more than twofold) 1 h after treatment, although after 24 h this effect had disappeared. Formaldehyde foliar uptake decreased significantly 24 h after JA treatment. * • Both biotic and abiotic stresses can thus affect plant VOC emissions through their strong impact on JA levels. Jasmonic acid-mediated increases in monoterpene and MeSa emissions might have a protective role when confronting biotic and abiotic stresses.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;publisher: Blackwell Publishing Ltd&lt;br/&gt;accession-num: 16390425</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aranda, I.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Castro, L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pardos, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gil, L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pardos, J. a</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effects of the interaction between drought and shade on water relations, gas exchange and morphological traits in cork oak (Quercus suber L.) seedlings</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Forest Ecology and Management</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cork oak</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Drought</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">light</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">osmotic adjustment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">photosynthesis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">water use efficiency</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2005</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2005///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S037811270500085X</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">210</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">117 - 129</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The combined effect of drought and light on different physiological and biochemical traits was assessed in cork oak (Quercus suber L.) seedlings grown under two levels of light availability and submitted to a long-standing drought. Watering was withdrawn after germination and seedlings were allowed to dry to a water content of ca. 50% of ﬁeld capacity. At this point, water-stressed seedlings were grown under moderate drought and two light regimes: high light (HL—50%) and low light (LL— 2%). Soil water in control plants was kept close to ﬁeld capacity (90–100%) for both light environments. Water-relations parameters derived from P–V curves, gas exchange and water status at predawn (Cpd ) were evaluated at twice during the experiment. Nitrogen and chlorophyll contents were determined in the same leaves used for the gas exchange measurements. In addition, maximum rate of carboxylation (Vcmax) and electronic transport (Jmax) were derived from A–Ci curves in well-watered seedlings. The variation on moisture availability during the experiment was the same under both light environments. In control plants, Cpd was over 0.3 MPa at the two harvests, while stressed seedlings decreased to 0.9 MPa, with no differences between light treatments. Water stress decreased osmotic potentials at full (Cp100 ) and zero turgor (Cp0 ). The regressions between both potentials and Cpd showed a higher intercept in shade grown seedlings. This fact will point out the higher osmoregulation capacity in sun seedlings whatever water availability. Nitrogen investment on a per leaf mass (Nmass ), chlorophyll content (Chlmass ) and SLA tended to show a typical pattern of sun-shade acclimation. Thus, the three parameters increased with shade. Only for Nmass there was a signiﬁcant effect of watering, since water stress increased Nmass . LL plants showed a lower photosynthetic capacity in terms of maximum net photosynthesis at saturating light (Amax), which was related to a decrease in Vcmax and Jmax . Both parameters varied with speciﬁc leaf area (SLA) in a similar way. The low-light environment brought about a higher nitrogen investment in chlorophyll, while under high-light environment the investment was higher in carboxylation (Vcmax) and electronic transport ( Fmax). Stomatal conductance to water vapour (gwv ) and Amax were lower in low-light seedlings independently of watering. In addition, there was a trend to keep higher intrinsic water use efﬁciency (IWUE) under high light environment. The increase of IWUE under water stress was higher in HL seedlings. This was as consequence of the steeper decline in gwv as Cpd decreased. The decrease of Amax with Cpd occurred in a similar way in LL and HL seedlings. Thus, the HL seedlings tended to sustain a higher ability to increase IWUE than LL seedlings when they were submitted to the same water stress.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1-3</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Karabourniotis, George</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bornman, Janet F.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Penetration of UV-A, UV-B and blue light through the leaf trichome layers of two xeromorphic plants, olive and oak, measured by optical fibre microprobes</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physiologia Plantarum</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abaxial</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adaxial (voyant)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">leaves</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">light</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">trichome layers</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1999</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1999///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1399-3054.1999.105409.x</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">105</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">655 - 661</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quartz fibre-optic microprobes were used to monitor the light microenvironment beneath trichome layers of the xeromorphic leaves of two Mediterranean evergreen sclerophylls, Olea europaea and Quercus ilex. Young developing leaves of both plants were densely pubescent on both surfaces of the lamina, whereas the mature leaves were pubescent only on the abaxial side. Trichome layers of young as well as of mature leaves of both plants attenuated almost all incident ultraviolet (UV)-B (310 nm) and UV-A (360 nm) radiation and a considerable portion of blue light (430 nm). Abaxial trichome layers of young leaves were more effective in screening out the incident radiation compared to the adaxial ones of the same leaves and also compared to the abaxial layer of the mature leaves. The abaxial epidermis of dehaired mature leaves of O. europaea was ineffective in absorbing most of the incident UV-B and UV-A radiation. UV and visible spectra beneath trichome layers of O. europaea in mature leaves confirmed that the light microenvironment on the epidermis was deprived in the UV-B, UV-A and partly in the blue spectral regions. It is proposed that the occurrence of a dense trichome layer, especially in young leaves, may play a protective role against not only UV-B radiation damage, but also against high visible irradiance. This function is performed irrespective of the differing anatomy of individual hairs of both plants. The protection provided by the trichomes could afford advantages under stress conditions, especially during leaf development.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;publisher: Munksgaard International Publishers</style></notes></record></records></xml>