<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shvaleva, Alla</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">e Silva, Filipe</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Costa, Joaquim Miguel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Correia, Alexandra</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anderson, Margaret</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lobo-do-Vale, Raquel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fangueiro, David</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bicho, Catarina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pereira, Joo Santos</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chaves, Maria Manuela</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Skiba, Ute</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cruz, Cristina</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Comparison of methane, nitrous oxide fluxes and CO2 respiration rates from a Mediterranean cork oak ecosystem and improved pasture</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PLANT AND SOIL</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">evergreen oak</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Greenhouse gases</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">litter</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mediterranean</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">organic matter</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Root density</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SPRINGER</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">374</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">883-898</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">During the recent decades, cork oak (Q. suber) mortality has been increasing in Mediterranean oak woodland endangering the economical and environmental sustainability of the ``montado{''} ecosystem. This fact in combination with climate change and conversion of forestland to pasture may significantly affect the soil-atmosphere greenhouse gases (GHGs) exchange. Our study evaluates the impact of oak trees as compared to pasture on net ecosystem GHG (CH4, N2O, and CO2) exchange as well as the main environmental factors influencing this exchange. We used field chamber measurements for the collection of GHGs under three different conditions: 1) open area (OA), 2) under tree canopy area (UC) and 3) improved pasture (IP). Experiments were done under typical Mediterranean climate at central Portugal in 2010 and 2011. The UC had higher nitrification potential, soil C/N ratio, electrical conductivity, litter input and soil organic matter (SOM) than OA and IP. SOM positively correlated with soil CH4 and N2O fluxes but not with soil CO2 respiration rates. Soil water content (SWC) drives both CH4 and N2O fluxes. Under certain conditions, when SWC reached a threshold (7 % for CH4 and 3 % for N2O) the result was net uptake and that net uptake increased with SWC. This was the case for the UC and OA. Conversely, for the IP soil water content above 4 % promoted net CH4 release. Our results show that cork oak influences soil properties and consequently GHGs fluxes. In the UC the input of litter for SOM together with soil moisture, favoured microbiological activity and related GHGs fluxes. Soil temperature is a secondary factor in the studied conditions. Our results also emphasized the potential impact posed by decreased cork oak tree density in the functioning of the ``montado{''} ecosystem.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maltez-Mouro, Sara</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">García, Luis V.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Freitas, Helena</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Influence of forest structure and environmental variables on recruit survival and performance of two Mediterranean tree species (Quercus faginea L. and Q. suber Lam.)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">European Journal of Forest Research</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">evergreen oak</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">litter e v ects</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">litter effects</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mediterranean forest</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Recruitment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">winter-deciduous oak</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.springerlink.com/index/10.1007/s10342-008-0236-4http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10342-008-0236-4</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">128</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">27 - 36</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">We investigated the regeneration requirements of the two dominant tree species in a mixed-oak forest of SW Portugal: Quercus suber (cork oak, evergreen) and Q. faginea (Portuguese oak, winter-deciduous). We hypothesized that (1) recruits of diVerent oak species are diVerentially inXuenced by soil and overstory variables and (2) diVerent factors explain the recruitment occurrence and performance of the same species. We sampled the recruits’ height and diameter, and several environmental and forest structure variables of their microsites. Both recruitment occurrence and performance were modeled using generalized linear models. Our Wnal models predicted the probability of occurrence of recruits of Q. faginea and Q. suber with 74 and 82% of accuracy, respectively, and explained about 50% of the variance of their recruitment performance. The recruits of Q. faginea tended to occur in microsites with higher canopy height, canopy density and litter cover, and closer to both conspeciWc and heterospeciWc adults, while the opposite was true for recruits of Q. suber. The performance of recruits of Q. suber was favored by the higher litter cover (a good surrogate for N and P availability), but negatively aVected by the higher litter depth. We concluded the following: (1) there were signiWcantly diVerent regeneration niches for each species (Q. faginea and Q. suber); (2) the factors explaining the recruitment occurrence diVered from those explaining the recruitment performance; (3) the overstory plays a complex and important role in the regeneration process; (4) diVerent variables apparently related with the same environmental factor (e.g. litter cover and litter depth) could aVect recruits in an opposite way; (5) sensitive trade-oVs must be considered for delineating management actions, since they could favor the regeneration of Q. suber, but, at the same time, negatively aVect the regeneration of Q. faginea.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maltez-Mouro, Sara</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">García, Luis V.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Freitas, Helena</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Influence of forest structure and environmental variables on recruit survival and performance of two Mediterranean tree species (Quercus faginea L. and Q. suber Lam.)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">European Journal of Forest Research</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">evergreen oak</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">litter e v ects</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">litter effects</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mediterranean forest</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Recruitment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">winter-deciduous oak</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">128</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">27-36</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">We investigated the regeneration requirements of the two dominant tree species in a mixed-oak forest of SW Portugal: Quercus suber (cork oak, evergreen) and Q. faginea (Portuguese oak, winter-deciduous). We hypothesized that (1) recruits of diVerent oak species are diVerentially inXuenced by soil and overstory variables and (2) diVerent factors explain the recruitment occurrence and performance of the same species. We sampled the recruits’ height and diameter, and several environmental and forest structure variables of their microsites. Both recruitment occurrence and performance were modeled using generalized linear models. Our Wnal models predicted the probability of occurrence of recruits of Q. faginea and Q. suber with 74 and 82% of accuracy, respectively, and explained about 50% of the variance of their recruitment performance. The recruits of Q. faginea tended to occur in microsites with higher canopy height, canopy density and litter cover, and closer to both conspeciWc and heterospeciWc adults, while the opposite was true for recruits of Q. suber. The performance of recruits of Q. suber was favored by the higher litter cover (a good surrogate for N and P availability), but negatively aVected by the higher litter depth. We concluded the following: (1) there were signiWcantly diVerent regeneration niches for each species (Q. faginea and Q. suber); (2) the factors explaining the recruitment occurrence diVered from those explaining the recruitment performance; (3) the overstory plays a complex and important role in the regeneration process; (4) diVerent variables apparently related with the same environmental factor (e.g. litter cover and litter depth) could aVect recruits in an opposite way; (5) sensitive trade-oVs must be considered for delineating management actions, since they could favor the regeneration of Q. suber, but, at the same time, negatively aVect the regeneration of Q. faginea.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gouveia, António C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Freitas, Helena</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Intraspecific competition and water use efficiency in Quercus suber: evidence of an optimum tree density?</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trees</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">carbon isotope discrimination</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">evergreen oak</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">montado</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Specific leaf area</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">stand density</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">22</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">521-530</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The dehesa and montado agroecosystems seem to be water-stress induced structures and some authors have found evidence of a relationship between stand tree density and mean annual precipitation. In order to assess the ecophysiological responses of Quercus suber to increasing tree density and to evaluate if there was evidence of an ‘‘optimum tree density’’ with respect to mean annual rainfall in our study area, we established a tree-density gradient of 20, 40, and 60 trees ha -1 , coded D20, D40, and D60, respectively. Trees in D40 plots had higher speciﬁc leaf area (SLA) values and the highest water content. Both D20 and D60 trees had leaves with higher dry matter content (LDMC). The trade-off between SLA and LDMC was very strong and placed D40 trees as the least stressed, in terms of leaf anatomy. We also found differences in mean carbon isotope discrimination (D), between different density plots, as big as 1.25%. Again, D40 trees discriminated more against 13 C than the trees from D20 and D60 plots, which suggests a less conservative water use strategy, possibly deriving from greater water availability. The lower water retention in the D20 areas and the increased competition for water resources in D60 plots placed trees, in both areas, in a more stressful situation, regarding water availability. The D40 areas thus seemed to represent a more favourable environment for Q. suber in our montado. Therefore, the areas with 40 trees ha -1 suggest the existence of an optimum tree density with respect to annual rainfall in our site, and may represent a compromise between an increased retention of water resources and intraspeciﬁc competition.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rodríguez-Estévez, V</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">García, A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Perea, J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mata, C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gómez, A G</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Producción de bellota en la dehesa: factores influyentes</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arch. Zootec</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agro forestry system</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">evergreen oak</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">iberian pig</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mast-seeding</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Montanera</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2007</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">56</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">25-43</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">This paper reviews the state-of-the- knowledge of acorn production in the South- Western Iberian dehesas. In the first part are briefly described the soil and climatic determining factors and phenology of most common trees of genus Quercus at the dehesa (Q. ilex, Q. suber and Q. faginea). In the second part, acorn production estimations are analyzed. Was established a mean acorn yield of 300 to 700 kg/ ha; with individual productions of 8-14 kg/tree for Q. ilex, 5-10 kg/tree for Q. suber and 1-11 kg/ tree for Q. faginea; with a highly variable production, both between and within years and individual trees. Finally we review the factors affecting acorn production, describing density of trees (estimated in 20-50 trees/ha), masting phenomenon (with cycles of 2-5,5 years and asynchrony between trees), individual cha- racteristics of trees (genetic potential, age, top surface, etc.), tree mass handling (with favourable effect of tilling, moderate pruning and sustainable grazing), meteorological conditions (mainly drought and meteorology during flowering) and sanitary status (Lymantria, Tortrix, Curculio, Cydia, Balaninus and Brenneria).</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rodríguez-Estévez, V.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">García, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Perea, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mata, C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gómez, A. G.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Producción de bellota en la dehesa: factores influyentes</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arch. Zootec</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agro forestry system</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">evergreen oak</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">iberian pig</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mast-seeding</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Montanera</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2007</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2007///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://ibmblade10.uco.es/xmlui/handle/10396/2877</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">56</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">25 - 43</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">This paper reviews the state-of-the- knowledge of acorn production in the South- Western Iberian dehesas. In the first part are briefly described the soil and climatic determining factors and phenology of most common trees of genus Quercus at the dehesa (Q. ilex, Q. suber and Q. faginea). In the second part, acorn production estimations are analyzed. Was established a mean acorn yield of 300 to 700 kg/ ha; with individual productions of 8-14 kg/tree for Q. ilex, 5-10 kg/tree for Q. suber and 1-11 kg/ tree for Q. faginea; with a highly variable production, both between and within years and individual trees. Finally we review the factors affecting acorn production, describing density of trees (estimated in 20-50 trees/ha), masting phenomenon (with cycles of 2-5,5 years and asynchrony between trees), individual cha- racteristics of trees (genetic potential, age, top surface, etc.), tree mass handling (with favourable effect of tilling, moderate pruning and sustainable grazing), meteorological conditions (mainly drought and meteorology during flowering) and sanitary status (Lymantria, Tortrix, Curculio, Cydia, Balaninus and Brenneria).</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hoff, Corine</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rambal, Serge</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">An examination of the interaction between climate, soil and leaf area index in a Quercus ilex ecosystem</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ann. For. Sci.</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">climate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">evergreen oak</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">hydrological equilibrium</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">leaf area index</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mediterranean-type ecosystem</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus ilex L.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">soil factor</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Water availability</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2003</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">60</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">153-161</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In Mediterranean-type ecosystems, water availability is one of the most significant variables that regulates whole plant leaf area. An equilibrium should exist between climate, soil and leaf area in such water-limited conditions. The aim of this study was to identify the relations between leaf area index (LAI), environment (climate, soil) and fluxes (water, carbon) in Mediterranean evergreen oak (Quercus ilex L.) ecosystems. To achieve this objective, 50-years simulations were performed using the FOREST-BGC model by varying LAI for a reference site and for different climates and soil water holding capacities (SWC). Transpiration, drought stress, net photosynthesis and canopy water use efficiency (WUE) were examined on a yearly basis for the last ten years of the simulation. Similar to other findings, our results show that LAI depends on site water availability, including both climate (precipitation, potential evapotranspiration) and soil factors (e.g. water storage capacity). Low SWC limit the development of the ecosystem. On high SWC soils, development is mainly limited by the climate. When LAI increases under constant SWC and climate conditions, the decrease in annual transpiration per unit of LAI is accompanied by an increase in drought stress. Equilibrium LAI maximizes carbon assimilation. For the reference site, the equilibrium LAI is close to the observed value, 3.25. The corresponding transpiration, assimilation and WUE are 375 mm, 1251 g C m -2 and 3.1 mmol CO 2 mol -1 H 2O, respectively. For the different sites, there is an hyperbolic decline of WUE with increasing SWC. This implies that production efficiency per unit leaf area is higher in most water-limited environments. Our study shows that a model such as FOREST-BGC allows inter-relations between water balance, carbon balance and drought stress to be taken into account to better understand ecosystem LAI.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>3</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DOMINGO, J M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MARÍN, F J</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ASPECTOS METODOLÓGICOS DE LA ORDENACIÓN DE ENCINARES EN SIERRA MORENA OCCIDENTAL</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">III Congreso Forestal Español</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dehesa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">evergreen oak</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mediterranean forest management</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2001</style></year></dates><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Granada</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1989</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">This paper presents the analysis of three Management Projects made up for Mediterranean Forest Management Units, mainly composed by evergreen oaks (Quercus ilex ssp. rotundifolia) stands with a low tree density, which are called dehesas. The dehesa is mainly used as range land and normally presents hilly landforms, acidic soils non suitable for agriculture, a temperate-warm climate, and trees covering at least 10% of the surface. It is a man made system which needs work in order to maintain its balance, but it is also a traditional landscape giving highly valued productions. Therefore we must try to find management solutions to preserve an enhance the dehesa systems; one of the greatest problems, tree preservation and renewal is presented here.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>47</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DOMINGO, J. M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MARÍN, F. J.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ASPECTOS METODOLÓGICOS DE LA ORDENACIÓN DE ENCINARES EN SIERRA MORENA OCCIDENTAL</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">III Congreso Forestal Español</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dehesa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">evergreen oak</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mediterranean forest management</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2001</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2001///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1989</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">This paper presents the analysis of three Management Projects made up for Mediterranean Forest Management Units, mainly composed by evergreen oaks (Quercus ilex ssp. rotundifolia) stands with a low tree density, which are called dehesas. The dehesa is mainly used as range land and normally presents hilly landforms, acidic soils non suitable for agriculture, a temperate-warm climate, and trees covering at least 10% of the surface. It is a man made system which needs work in order to maintain its balance, but it is also a traditional landscape giving highly valued productions. Therefore we must try to find management solutions to preserve an enhance the dehesa systems; one of the greatest problems, tree preservation and renewal is presented here.</style></abstract><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;periodical: III Congreso Forestal Español&lt;br/&gt;pub-location: Granada</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Martin, A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gallardo, J F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Santa Regina, I</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aboveground litter production and bioelement potential return in an evergreen oak (Quercus rotundifolia) woodland near Salamanca (Spain)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ann. For. Sci.</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">biogeochemical cycles</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">evergreen oak</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">litter fall</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">potential return of bioelements</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus rotundifolia Lam</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1996</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">53</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">811-818</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Total aboveground production of trees has been determined in a Quercus rotundifolia evergreen oak woodland developed over a chromic Luvisol. The woodland is located close to the city of Salamanca (central-western Spain). Litter fall occurs throughout the year, with a maximum from April to June owing to leaf fall. Mean litter production is 1.9 Mg ha-1 year-1, although variations from year to year are observed, mostly due to water stress in summer. The mean area of influence of litter fall of each tree is about 4 m outside the crown shadow and the leaf percentage (55%) over the total aboveground litter production shows that the system is mature. Tree inflorescences are found to have the highest concentration in bioelements, although the latter are mostly returned through the leaves (with the exception of K).</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">POINSOTBALAGUER, N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">RACON, L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SADAKA, N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LEPETIT, J</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">EFFECTS OF TANNIN COMPOUNDS ON 2 SPECIES OF COLLEMBOLA</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SOIL BIOLOGY</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Collembola</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">evergreen oak</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tannins</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1993</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GAUTHIER-VILLARS</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">S P E S-JOURNAL DEPT, 120 BD ST GERMAIN, F-75006 PARIS, FRANCE</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">29</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13-16</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The effects of condensed and hydrolysable tannin extracted from&lt;br/&gt;evergreen oak leaves (Quercus ilex L.) were tested on two species of&lt;br/&gt;Collembola. Concentrations lower than those present in the litter leaves&lt;br/&gt;were toxic to these insects. Detoxification by washing with rainwater&lt;br/&gt;and biodegradation of tannic compounds are necessary for litter&lt;br/&gt;decomposition, in which microarthropods participated, to occur.</style></abstract><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Citation</style></notes><research-notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Citation</style></research-notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>3</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Orozco Bayo, E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">López Serrano, F R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">de las Heras Ibáñez, J</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ESTUDIO DE LA REGENERACION DE LOS SABINARES DE SABINA ALBAR (JUNIPERUS THURIFERA L.) EN LA PROVINCIA DE ALBACETE</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Congreso Forestal Español, Lourizán - Pontevedra. 1993</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">evergreen oak</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plots</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Protection against liverwort</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Regeneration</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1993</style></year></dates><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">571-574</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">61 plots selected using photographs were studies in one Juniperus thurifera forest located in the W of the Albacete Province (SE Spain). In each plot, the regeneration of this species was measured considering a key of three patems of regeneration. Also, sorne ecological factors linked to this process were also measured. A very high regeneration was pro ved in those plots that represented forests of J. thurifera and Quercus rotundifolia highly mixed. In those plots with only individual s of J. thurifera there was a minor regeneration of this species. A better protection against livestock, edaphic moisture, and luminosity conditions can be adduced as sorne causes of this difference in the regeneration.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>47</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Esparrago, F.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vázquez, F. M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Burzaco, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Perez, M. C.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PRODUCCION DE BELLOTA EN QUERCUS ROTUNDIFQLIA LAM.: VARIABILIDAD ANUAL E IMPORTANCIA ECONOMICA</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Congreso Forestal Español, Lourizán - Pontevedra. 1993</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">acorn</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Econorny</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">evergreen oak</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">feeding</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">iberian pig</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">production</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1993</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1993///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">503 - 510</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The acorn production on Q. rotundifolia Lam. has been analyzed from 1989 through 1992 in Extremadura. The efects of different areas, each tree, and the interaction between areas/years are significatives. Genetic, pruning, environment and phytosanitary factors are the possible causes of these differences. Finally, the econornic efects of acorn production on iberian pig feeding (Montanera) has been studied. This is the rnain factor for high quality products.</style></abstract><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;periodical: Congreso Forestal Español, Lourizán - Pontevedra. 1993</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>3</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Esparrago, F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vázquez, F M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Burzaco, A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Perez, M C</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PRODUCCION DE BELLOTA EN QUERCUS ROTUNDIFQLIA LAM.: VARIABILIDAD ANUAL E IMPORTANCIA ECONOMICA</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Congreso Forestal Español, Lourizán - Pontevedra. 1993</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">acorn</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Econorny</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">evergreen oak</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">feeding</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">iberian pig</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">production</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1993</style></year></dates><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">503-510</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The acorn production on Q. rotundifolia Lam. has been analyzed from 1989 through 1992 in Extremadura. The efects of different areas, each tree, and the interaction between areas/years are significatives. Genetic, pruning, environment and phytosanitary factors are the possible causes of these differences. Finally, the econornic efects of acorn production on iberian pig feeding (Montanera) has been studied. This is the rnain factor for high quality products.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rafii, Zara A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zavarin, Eugene</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pelleau, Y</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chemosystematic differentiation of Quercus ilex and Q. rotundifolia based on acorn steroids</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biochemical Systematics and Ecology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">acorns</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">chemosystematics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">evergreen oak</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">fatty acids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus ilex</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus rotundifolia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">steroids</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1991</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">19</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">249-252</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acorns from 34 individual Quercus ilex and Q. rotundifolia trees from 11 locations in Italy and Spain were sampled and analysed for composition of steroids. β-Sitosterol was most abundant in all populations. Concentrations of both stigmasterol and Δ5-avenasterol varied between individual populations in both countries. Δ7-Stigmastenol was not detected in Italian populations and brassicasterol, while absent from the Spanish specimens, was present in the Italian Uccellino population. Principal component analysis showed complete separation of Q. rotundifolia (Spain) and Q. ilex (Italy).</style></abstract></record></records></xml>