<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Monson, Russell K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jones, Ryan T.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rosenstiel, Todd N.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schnitzler, Jörg-Peter</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Why only some plants emit isoprene.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant, cell &amp; environment</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Drought</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ferns</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">phloem</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">phylogeny</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">substrate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Temperature</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">thermotolerance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ﬁtness</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22998549</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Isoprene (2-methyl-1,3-butadiene) is emitted from many plants and it appears to have an adaptive role in protecting leaves from abiotic stress. However, only some species emit isoprene. Isoprene emission has appeared and been lost many times independently during the evolution of plants. As an example, our phylogenetic analysis shows that isoprene emission is likely ancestral within the family Fabaceae (= Leguminosae), but that it has been lost at least 16 times and secondarily gained at least 10 times through independent evolutionary events. Within the division Pteridophyta (ferns), we conservatively estimate that isoprene emissions have been gained five times and lost two times through independent evolutionary events. Within the genus Quercus (oaks), isoprene emissions have been lost from one clade, but replaced by a novel type of light-dependent monoterpene emissions that uses the same metabolic pathways and substrates as isoprene emissions. This novel type of monoterpene emissions has appeared at least twice independently within Quercus, and has been lost from 9% of the individuals within a single population of Quercus suber. Gain and loss of gene function for isoprene synthase is possible through relatively few mutations. Thus, this trait appears frequently in lineages; but, once it appears, the time available for evolutionary radiation into environments that select for the trait is short relative to the time required for mutations capable of producing a non-functional isoprene synthase gene. The high frequency of gains and losses of the trait and its heterogeneous taxonomic distribution in plants may be explained by the relatively few mutations necessary to produce or lose the isoprene synthase gene combined with the assumption that isoprene emission is advantageous in a narrow range of environments and phenotypes.</style></abstract><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;accession-num: 22998549</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chirino, Esteban</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vilagrosa, Alberto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vallejo, V. Ramón</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Using hydrogel and clay to improve the water status of seedlings for dryland restoration</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant and Soil</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">carbon isotope composition</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">plant stock quality</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus suber</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">substrate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Water availability</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.springerlink.com/index/10.1007/s11104-011-0730-1</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">344</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">99 - 110</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In dryland ecosystems, post-transplant water stress produces high seedling mortality after the first summer following outplanting. Our aim was to assess the effects of clay and hydrogel, both on the water holding capacity of the growing media and on various morphological and physiological characteristics of Quercus suber seedlings in the nursery and, subsequently, during the first 2 years in the field. Quercus suber L. seedlings were grown in four types of growing media: CS (Control growing media, standard mixture of limed peat and coconut peat, 1:1 v/v ratio), SC-10 (CS mixed with sepiolite clay at 10% v/v) and HS (CS mixed with hydrogel Stockosorb® K-400 at two doses, 0.7 and 1.5% w/w). HS-1.5 showed the best results, increasing the water holding capacity of the root plug, improving seedling water status and increasing seedling survival in the field. SC-10 showed an intermediate effect on seedling response in the field. Mixing hydrogel with a peatbased growing medium to form root plugs is a suitable technique for cultivating species to be planted in areas with a strong water deficit. This technique reduces posttransplant water stress in seedlings during their first months in the field and contributes to improve forestrestoration methods in dryland ecosystems.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1-2</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Martinez-Ruiz, C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marrs, R H</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Some factors affecting successional change on uranium mine wastes: Insights for ecological restoration</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">APPLIED VEGETATION SCIENCE</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">aspect</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">correspondence analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">forward selection</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HOF modelling</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">species trait</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">substrate</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2007</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">OPULUS PRESS UPPSALA AB</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GAMLA VAGEN 40, S-770 13 GRANGARDE, SWEDEN</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">333--U25</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Question: Are growth form and dispersal-mode replacement during vegetation succession in semi-arid Mediterranean conditions affected by the starting quality of the substrate and by site aspect? Location: Central-western Spain. Methods: We monitored successions on three waste materials left after uranium mining: unbroken waste, broken waste and wastes amended with a sandy material (Arkoses); both north and south aspects were also studied on each substrate. Results: The substrate starting quality had the greatest influence on spontaneous succession, separating the poorer quality substrates (broken and unbroken wastes) from the better ones (Arkoses) and two reference communities (Topsoil and Dehesa). The importance of aspect was confirmed then within each substrate type. Most species with a short life span (mostly annuals and a few biennials), together with some woody species on Arkoses, showed no response to age (years following the deposition of new soil). Others short-lived species declined over time on the poorer wastes but not on the better Arkoses. There was a tendency for life form replacement (from therophytes to hemicryptophytes) during succession only on the poorer-quality substrates. No dispersal-mode replacement sequence was found. Conclusion: Improving the abiotic conditions of the substrate had a great effect on vegetation succession, but this effect was modified by aspect. Aspect took longer to induce differences in floristic composition on the poorer substrates, where succession was slower. Some trends in species responses to successional change were found by considering species traits, particularly life-form.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Martinez-Ruiz, C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marrs, R. H.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Some factors affecting successional change on uranium mine wastes: Insights for ecological restoration</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">APPLIED VEGETATION SCIENCE</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">aspect</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">correspondence analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">forward selection</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HOF modelling</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">species trait</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">substrate</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2007</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2007///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">333 - U25</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Question: Are growth form and dispersal-mode replacement during vegetation succession in semi-arid Mediterranean conditions affected by the starting quality of the substrate and by site aspect? Location: Central-western Spain. Methods: We monitored successions on three waste materials left after uranium mining: unbroken waste, broken waste and wastes amended with a sandy material (Arkoses); both north and south aspects were also studied on each substrate. Results: The substrate starting quality had the greatest influence on spontaneous succession, separating the poorer quality substrates (broken and unbroken wastes) from the better ones (Arkoses) and two reference communities (Topsoil and Dehesa). The importance of aspect was confirmed then within each substrate type. Most species with a short life span (mostly annuals and a few biennials), together with some woody species on Arkoses, showed no response to age (years following the deposition of new soil). Others short-lived species declined over time on the poorer wastes but not on the better Arkoses. There was a tendency for life form replacement (from therophytes to hemicryptophytes) during succession only on the poorer-quality substrates. No dispersal-mode replacement sequence was found. Conclusion: Improving the abiotic conditions of the substrate had a great effect on vegetation succession, but this effect was modified by aspect. Aspect took longer to induce differences in floristic composition on the poorer substrates, where succession was slower. Some trends in species responses to successional change were found by considering species traits, particularly life-form.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;pub-location: GAMLA VAGEN 40, S-770 13 GRANGARDE, SWEDEN&lt;br/&gt;publisher: OPULUS PRESS UPPSALA AB</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>3</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Costa, F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Silva, E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moura, S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Almeida, M H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chambel, M R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pereira, C</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ciccarese, Lorenzo</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cork-oak seedling production : Container capacity and substrate effect on seedling field performance</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nursery production and stand establishment of broad leaves to promote sustainable forest management</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">container capacity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cork-oak seedling</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Field performance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">substrate</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1997</style></year></dates><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rome</style></pub-location><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">171-178</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cork oak is the second forest species in Portugal covering an area of about 721000 ha. In the context of the Common Agriculture Policy (CAP), large areas (ca. 10% of total area) were reforested between 1994-98 with low survival rates due to inappropriate nursery and establishment techniques, as well as the use of unsuitable genetic material. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of container capacity and substrate in field performance of cork oak seedling with 1 year of age during the first 3 years after plantation. Therefore 3 container capacities were tested (210, 300 and 400 cm3) in combination with 4 types of substrate: composted pine bark, composted pine bark with vermiculite 3:1(v/v), composted pine bark with peat 1:1 (v/v) and peat with vermiculite 3:1 (v/v). With the 300 cm3 container capacity 3 other substrates were also tested: F+H organic layers, F+H organic layers with composted pine bark 1:1 (v/v) and F+H organic layers with peat 1:1 (v/v). A field trial was established in the South of Portugal in April 1998. Just before plantation seedlings morphological characteristics (root and shoot biomass, leaf area, height, stem diameter, root length and root development patterns) were measured and correlated with survival and growth evaluated one, two and three years after plantation. The results showed that after three years in the field only the type of substrate had a highly significant influence in survival and early growth. Container capacity (210, 300 and 400 cm_) did not have an influence on height growth during the first 3 years, just as there was no clear influence on survival rate. Peat with vermiculite (3:1) substrate led to 30% higher survivals than other substrates. Substrate with peat favoured secondary root development (length), which seems to be an advantage in field performance.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>47</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Costa, F.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Silva, E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moura, S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Almeida, M. H.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chambel, M. R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pereira, C.</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ciccarese, Lorenzo</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cork-oak seedling production : Container capacity and substrate effect on seedling field performance</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nursery production and stand establishment of broad leaves to promote sustainable forest management</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">container capacity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cork-oak seedling</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Field performance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">substrate</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1997</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1997///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">171 - 178</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cork oak is the second forest species in Portugal covering an area of about 721000 ha. In the context of the Common Agriculture Policy (CAP), large areas (ca. 10% of total area) were reforested between 1994-98 with low survival rates due to inappropriate nursery and establishment techniques, as well as the use of unsuitable genetic material. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of container capacity and substrate in field performance of cork oak seedling with 1 year of age during the first 3 years after plantation. Therefore 3 container capacities were tested (210, 300 and 400 cm3) in combination with 4 types of substrate: composted pine bark, composted pine bark with vermiculite 3:1(v/v), composted pine bark with peat 1:1 (v/v) and peat with vermiculite 3:1 (v/v). With the 300 cm3 container capacity 3 other substrates were also tested: F+H organic layers, F+H organic layers with composted pine bark 1:1 (v/v) and F+H organic layers with peat 1:1 (v/v). A field trial was established in the South of Portugal in April 1998. Just before plantation seedlings morphological characteristics (root and shoot biomass, leaf area, height, stem diameter, root length and root development patterns) were measured and correlated with survival and growth evaluated one, two and three years after plantation. The results showed that after three years in the field only the type of substrate had a highly significant influence in survival and early growth. Container capacity (210, 300 and 400 cm_) did not have an influence on height growth during the first 3 years, just as there was no clear influence on survival rate. Peat with vermiculite (3:1) substrate led to 30% higher survivals than other substrates. Substrate with peat favoured secondary root development (length), which seems to be an advantage in field performance.</style></abstract><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;periodical: Nursery production and stand establishment of broad leaves to promote sustainable forest management&lt;br/&gt;pub-location: Rome</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ortega, M C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moreno, M T</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ordovas, J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aguado, M T</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Behaviour of different horticultural species in phytotoxicity bioassays of bark substrates</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scientia Horticulturae</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Barks</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bioassay</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cork</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Horticultural</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phenolic acids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytotoxicity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">substrate</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1996</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">66</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">125-132</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The use of forestry wastes (barks, sawdust, wood chips) as potting media components can involve serious problems of toxicity that must be evaluated. Evaluation methods may consist of analytic techniques to detect and quantify phytotoxic molecules, or rapid bioassays, with low technical requirements, using species sensitive to the toxic elements. These bioassays should be able to predict plant behaviour in real growing conditions. In this study we used as substrate cork oak bark (Quercus suber L.). This material, like other forestry wastes, contains phytotoxic phenolic compounds which can be washed out with hot water. The phenolic content of cork (C) and washed cork (WC) was measured, and two germination bioassays were carried out with eight horticultural species. In the first, aqueous extracts of cork (C) and washed cork (WC) obtained with water at 15°C and 70°C were used, and the second was done directly on the substrates. In addition, a seedling growing test was carried out with the same species. We concluded that tomato and lettuce are the most sensitive species, and the direct test on the substrate is recommended owing to its simplicity and close correspondence to growing conditions.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>3</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ortega, M C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moreno, M T</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aguado, M T</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ordovas, J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ordovás, M T Aguado J</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">UTILIZACION DE LOS RESIDUOS DE LA INDUSTRIA DEL CORCHO COMO SUSTRATO HORTICOLA</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Congreso Forestal Español, Lourizán - Pontevedra. 1993</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cork</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Industrial wastes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">substrate</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1993</style></year></dates><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">257-262</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">It has been studied the waste of the cork industry as a new horticultural substrat. Results about physical, chemical and biological analyses of cork are presented. Also it has been studied germination, rooting and growth of different horticultural and ornamental plants on cork as potting media</style></abstract></record></records></xml>