<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Misson, Laurent</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DEGUELDRE, DAVID</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">COLLIN, CHRISTIAN</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">RODRIGUEZ, RAQUEL</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ROCHETEAU, ALAIN</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">OURCIVAL, JEAN-MARC</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rambal, Serge</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phenological responses to extreme droughts in a Mediterranean forest</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Global Change Biology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">climate changes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Extreme events</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">flowering</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">fruiting</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">leaf-unfolding</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">rainfall changes</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02348.x</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1036 - 1048</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mediterranean regions are projected to experience more frequent, prolonged and severe drought as a consequence of climate change. We used a retractable rainfall shelter, to investigate the impact of extreme droughts on the development of Quercus ilex leaves, flowers and fruit. In 2008, 97% of rainfall was excluded from a forest plot during the autumn, representing 50% of the 1127 mm of rain that fell during the year. In 2009, 87% of rainfall was excluded during the spring, representing 58% of the 749 mm that fell during the year. The rainfall shelter did not impact neither incident radiation nor air temperature. Autumn rainfall exclusion did not significantly affect leaf, flowers or fruit development. Spring rainfall exclusion resulted in larger and more sustained depression of leaf water potential during the key phases of foliar and floral development. Consequently, only half of the sampled trees (6) reached the shoot lengthening stage which leads to functionally mature leaves (phenophase 4), with one abandoning leaf development at budburst (phenophase 3) and the other two at the bud swelling stage (phenophase 2). All trees of the control plot passed phenophase 4, with most reaching complete leaf development. The impact of extreme droughts on flower development differed between the sexes. The spring exclusion had no effect on male flower, but only one of six trees completed female fruit maturation, compared with four in the control plot. The difference between the male and female drought impacts is likely attributable to the occurrence of male floral development before the period of lowest leaf water potential, and to the lower resource allocation requirements of male flowers. The information provided by our experimental approach may constitute a crucial step to evaluate the impact of increasing drought due to climate change on the most dominant Mediterranean tree species and to help drawing a full picture of the ecological consequences of the decline in water resource on forest dynamics under changing conditions.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;publisher: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gómez-Casero, M T</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flowering phenology of Mediterranean Quercus species in different locations (Córdoba, SW Iberian Peninsula)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acta botánica malacitana</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">flowering</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">range</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">reproductive phenology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tendency</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2007</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">32</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">127-146</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Periodical qualitative and quantitative checking of flowering phases was carried out over six growing seasons (1997-2002) for the three Mediterranean Quercusspecies found in Sierra Morena (Córdoba, SW Spain): Q. ilex L. ssp. ballota (Desf.) Samp., Q. coccifera L. and Q. suber L. A total of 60 individuals were selected. Additionally, 30 Quercus ilex ssp. ballota individuals were selected and studied in Sierras Subbéticas (Priego de Córdoba, SW Spain) in 1999 and 2000. Morphological changes occurring at different points in each phenological phase were charted. Among species differences were found for inflorescences/male and female flowers, in terms of the phenological flowering sequence. Male inflorescences displayed a more homogeneous development. All individuals and populations were proterandrous. Phenological trends and ranges were charted. Although trends varied with species and year, the overall phenological trend seemed to fit a sigmoid curve in all cases, increasing with phenological development. Shorter ranges were obtained in years with warmer springs, and longer ranges in colder years. Moreover, phenological range differed as a function of species and location. In general, Q. ilex ssp. ballota flowered earlier than the rest, Q. suber displaying the latest flowering period. Individuals located at lower altitudes and facing the sun flowered earlier, followed in most years by those located at higher altitudes. Thus, Q. ilex ssp. ballota flowered earlier in Sierra Morena than in the higher-altitude Sierras Subbéticas.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>3</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vázquez, F M</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fenofases florales en quercus rotundifolia lam.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">II Congreso Forestal Español</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">flowering</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">holm-oak</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ovule</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pollen</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus rotundifolia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">reproduction</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stages</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1997</style></year></dates><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pamplona</style></pub-location><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">139-144</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In this work the floral stages are introduced that it is happened in the masculine and feminine flowering of the holm-oak (Quercus rotundifolia Lam.). In each described stages they incorporate data on the floral morphology: state of development that it reach the catkins, the floral group and the tlowers. Also data of the receptive state in the are inserted feminine tlowers and ripening and viability grade of the grain of ponen and ovule. Finally is represented in a graphic each one of the described stage. K.W.:</style></abstract></record></records></xml>