<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hartel, Tibor</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hanspach, Jan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abson, David J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Máthé, Orsolya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moga, Cosmin Ioan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fischer, Joern</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bird communities in traditional wood-pastures with changing management in Eastern Europe</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Basic and Applied Ecology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biodiversity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">conservation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dead trees</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grazing</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Romania</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">scattered trees</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">shrub</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">traditional cultural landscape</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year></dates><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wood-pastures are fragile ecosystems because they were formed by, and depend on specific, low-intensity multifunctional management. Although their ecological and cultural significance is high, wood-pastures are rapidly deteriorating all over Europe, mainly due to changing land use. We still lack a basic understanding of the ecological value of wood-pastures, and in which features they differ from other landscape elements. In this paper we investigated the ecological value of wood-pastures for passerine birds by (i) comparing bird assemblages of wood-pastures with those of closed forests and open pastures and (ii) exploring the relationships between variables describing wood-pastures and species traits of the bird assemblages. Our study region (Southern Transylvania, Romania) provides a unique opportunity to understand the importance of a traditional cultural and ecological environment for many different organisms. Wood-pastures had a higher overall number of bird species, and a higher spatial turnover in bird community composition than closed forests and open pastures. We found significant associations between bird species traits and habitat structural elements in wood-pastures such as large trees, oak- and pear trees and shrubs. Our findings suggest that traditional wood-pastures in Southern Transylvania have distinct and rich passerine bird communities. This richness is inextricably linked to the multifunctional, low-intensity land use traditionally applied in the wood-pastures that promotes high niche diversity. For effective conservation of the biodiversity of wood-pastures, a detailed understanding is needed of how different management regimes may influence the key structural elements of wood-pastures relevant for biodiversity and these should be protected. Waldweiden sind empfindliche Ökosysteme, weil sie durch multifunktionale Bewirtschaftung geringer Intensität entstehen und davon abhängen. Auch wenn ihre ökologische und kulturelle Bedeutung hoch ist, verschlechtert sich der Zustand der Waldweiden in ganz Europa mit hoher Geschwindigkeit, überwiegend aufgrund von geänderter Landnutzung. Uns fehlt immer noch ein grundlegendes Verständnis des ökologischen Wertes der Waldweiden und der Eigenschaften, durch die sie sich von anderen Landschaftselementen unterscheiden. In dieser Studie untersuchten wir den ökologischen Wert von Waldweiden für Singvögel indem wir (1) die Vogelgemeinschaften von Waldweiden mit denen geschlossener Wälder und offener Weiden verglichen und (2) die Beziehungen zwischen die Waldweiden beschreibenden Variablen und Artmerkmalen der Vogelgemeinschaften erkundeten. Unser Untersuchungsgebiet (Südliches Transsilvanien, Rumänien) bietet eine einzigartige Gelegenheit, die Bedeutung einer traditionellen kulturellen und ökologischen Umwelt für viele verschiedene Organismen zu verstehen. Die Waldweiden wiesen eine höhere Gesamtzahl von Vogelarten auf und zeigten einen höheren räumlichen Turnover in der Zusammensetzung der Vogelgemeinschaften als geschlossener Wald und offene Weide. Wir fanden signifikante Beziehungen zwischen den Artmerkmalen der Vögel und Strukturelementen der Waldweiden wie alte Bäume, Eichen- und Birnbäume sowie Sträucher. Unsere Befunde legen nahe, dass die traditionellen Waldweiden im südlichen Transsilvanien charakteristische und artenreiche Vogelgemeinschaften beherbergen. Dieser Artenreichtum ist untrennbar mit der wenig intensiven, multifunktionalen Landnutzung verbunden, die traditionell in den Waldweiden ausgeübt wird und eine hohe Nischendiversität fördert. Für einen effektiven Schutz der Biodiversität der Waldweiden benötigen wir ein detailliertes Verständnis des Einflusses unterschiedlicher Managementmaßnahmen auf die entscheidenden Strukturelemente von Waldweiden mit Relevanz für die Biodiversität. Diese Strukturelemente sollten geschützt werden.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zotti, M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ambrosio, E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Di Piazza, S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bidaud, A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boccardo, F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pavarino, M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mariotti, M G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vizzini, A</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecology and diversity of Cortinarius species (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) associated with Quercus ilex L. in the Mediterranean area of Liguria (North-western Italy)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant Biosystems - An International Journal Dealing with all Aspects of Plant Biology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agaricomycetes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biodiversity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">conservation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cortinariaceae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">holm-oak</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Macrofungi</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Taylor &amp; Francis</style></publisher><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1-10</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cortinarius is one of the most widespread macrofungal genera. Although Mediterranean basin is considered a biodiversity hotspot, very few studies have addressed the presence and importance of Cortinarius species in such area. Surveys were carried out in Liguria (NW Italy) in different habitats characterized by the presence of Quercus ilex. Altogether 67 taxa were observed: 49 of them are new records for Liguria while 23 represent new records for Italy. In addition, we report the distinguishing characters and ecological traits of the species which are also rare in Europe.</style></abstract><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">doi: 10.1080/11263504.2013.877538</style></notes><research-notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">doi: 10.1080/11263504.2013.877538</style></research-notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cretté, Stéphanie A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Näsänen, Liisa M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">González-Pereyra, Néstor G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rennison, Benjamin</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Conservation of waterlogged archaeological corks using supercritical CO2 and treatment monitoring using structured-light 3D scanning</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Journal of Supercritical Fluids</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Archaeological waterlogged cork</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">conservation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Methanol solvent exchange</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Structured-light 3D scanning</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Supercritical carbon dioxide drying</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Three-dimensional inspection</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Water exchange</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">White-light scanning</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0896844613000223http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.supflu.2013.01.006</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">79</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">299 - 313</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Archaeological waterlogged cork is one the most unpredictable archaeological materials to conserve. Over the years, various techniques designed to conserve waterlogged wood have been applied to cork with less than satisfactory results. These techniques include freeze drying with or without consolidant, air-drying and silicone oil treatment. Alternatively, recent studies demonstrated that methanol exchange followed by supercritical CO2 drying can overcome most of the limitations of the latter techniques when applied to organic waterlogged materials. In 2005, a joint research project was initiated between the Warren Lasch Conservation Center (WLCC) and Parks Canada to evaluate the use of supercritical CO2 drying on significant archaeological corks and composite artifacts from several shipwrecks. This paper will discuss the drying process of the various corks and the techniques employed to monitor their appearance and dimensions, namely conventional measurement techniques and structured-light 3D scanning combined with three-dimensional inspection.</style></abstract><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;publisher: Elsevier B.V.</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Otero, Iago</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boada, Martí</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tàbara, Joan David</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Social–ecological heritage and the conservation of Mediterranean landscapes under global change. A case study in Olzinelles (Catalonia)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Land Use Policy</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biodiversity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">conservation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cultural diversity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mediterranean</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Social–ecological heritage</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elsevier Ltd</style></publisher><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">30</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">25-37</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Both biological and cultural diversities seem to be diminishing together along with the progressive interconnection of peoples and ecosystems of the earth under the rules and dynamics of global markets. This has led some conservationists and social scientists to highlight the need for enhanced knowledge on the complex interrelationships between cultural and biological diversities if successful conservation strategies are to be achieved. In this work we show how the long-term coevolution between peasants and their environment sustained habitats and species that are now declining along with rural exodus in a mountainous area of the Mediterranean, a region where the maintenance of diverse landscapes is very much related to the presence of traditional rural activities. We provide an account of agrosilvopastoral practices once performed by the local peasant community and show their embeddedness in a particular set of institutions and worldview within an adaptive social–ecological system. We argue that such practices constitute an essential social–ecological heritage entailing valuable insights for the conservation of Mediterranean landscapes under conditions of global change.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chiari, Stefano</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carpaneto, Giuseppe M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zauli, Agnese</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marini, Lorenzo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Audisio, Paolo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ranius, Thomas</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Habitat of an endangered saproxylic beetle, Osmoderma eremita, in Mediterranean woodlands</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ECOSCIENCE</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coleoptera Scarabaeidae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">conservation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">hollow trees</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">microclimate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pitfall traps</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">wood mould</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">19</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">299 - 307</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The habitat of Osmoderma eremita, a European endangered beetle species restricted to tree cavities, was examined in central Italy, at the southernmost limit of its distributional range. The occurrence of adults, larvae, and fragments was investigated in 170 and 151 living hollow trees by pitfall trapping and sampling of wood mould (i.e., loose material) in the hollow, respectively. Overall, O. eremita was present in 22% of the trees, which belonged to 4 different tree species (Ostrya carpinifolia, Quercus suber, Acer obtusatum, and Quercus pubescens). The frequency of presence was higher in cavities with more than 4 L of wood mould, in cavities with dry or half-moist wood mould rather than wet wood mould, and with wood mould with low soil contamination. A comparison with northern regions indicated that the warmer macro-climatic conditions in the south make the species independent of a warm microclimate. As most of the hollow trees contain only a small amount of wood mould (&lt;4 L), the habitat quality is generally poorer than in oak pastures studied in northern Europe.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;pub-location: PAVILLON CHARLES-EUGENE MARCHAND, LOCAL 0166, ST FOY, QUEBEC G1K 7P4, CANADA&lt;br/&gt;publisher: UNIVERSITE LAVAL</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chiari, Stefano</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zauli, Agnese</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mazziotta, Adriano</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Luiselli, Luca</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Audisio, Paolo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carpaneto, Giuseppe M.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Surveying an endangered saproxylic beetle, Osmoderma eremita, in Mediterranean woodlands: a comparison between different capture methods</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Insect Conservation</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coleoptera Scarabaeidae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">conservation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dead Wood</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">occupancy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Population size estimates</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sex pheromone</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.springerlink.com/index/10.1007/s10841-012-9495-y</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Measuring population size is riddled with dif- ﬁculties for wildlife biologists and managers, and in the case of rare species, it is sometimes practically impossible to estimate abundance, whereas estimation of occupancy is possible. Furthermore, obtaining reliable population size estimates is not straightforward, as different sampling techniques can give misleading results. A mark-recapture study of the endangered saproxylic beetle Osmoderma eremita was performed in central Italy by applying four independent capture methods within a study area where 116 hollow trees were randomly selected to set traps. Detection probability and population size estimates were drawn from each of these four capture methods. There were strong differences in detection probability among methods. Despite using pheromone and beetle manipulation, capture histories were not affected by trap-happiness or trapshyness. Population size estimates varied considerably in both abundance and precision by capture method. A number of 0.5 and 0.2 adult beetles per tree was estimated using the whole data set by closed and open population models, respectively. Pitfall trap appeared the optimal method to detect the occurrence of this species. Since in the southern part of its distribution range, a single population of O. eremita is widespread in the landscape, and includes beetles from more than one hollow tree, conservation efforts should focus not only on preserving few and isolated monumental hollow trees, but should be extended to large stands.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leather 2005</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ortega, Antonio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lorite, Juan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valle, Francisco</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mycorrhizal macrofungi diversity (Agaricomycetes) from Mediterranean Quercus forests; a compilation for the Iberian Peninsula (Spain and Portugal)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nova Hedwigia</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">affinity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">conservation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">diversity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mycorrhizal macrofungi</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">quercus woodlands</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/0029-5035/2010/0091-0001</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">91</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1 - 31</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A compilation study has been made of the mycorrhizal Agaricomycetes from several sclerophyllous and deciduous Mediterranean Quercus woodlands from Iberian Peninsula. Firstly, we selected eight Mediterranean taxa of the genus Quercus, which were well sampled in terms of macrofungi. Afterwards, we performed a database containing a large amount of data about mycorrhizal biota of Quercus. We have defined and/or used a series of indexes (occurrence, affinity, proportionality, heterogeneity, similarity, and taxonomic diversity) in order to establish the differences between the mycorrhizal biota of the selected woodlands. The 605 taxa compiled here represent an important amount of the total mycorrhizal diversity from all the vegetation types of the studied area, estimated at 1,500-1,600 taxa, with Q. ilex subsp. ballota (416 taxa) and Q. suber (411) being the richest. We also analysed their quantitative and qualitative mycorrhizal flora and their relative richness in different ways: woodland types, substrates and species composition. The results highlight the large amount of mycorrhizal macrofungi species occurring in these mediterranean Quercus woodlands, the data are comparable with other woodland types, thought to be the richest forest types in the world. We point out that the presence of genera that are very well adapted to sclerophyllous Mediterranean woodlands with a potential use in afforestation or recovery programs, or being rare species, are listed in the Regional Red List of Endangered Macromycetes. Since, these woodlands suffer heavy environmental pressure, human and climate mediated, we conclude many species are approaching a high extinction risk, and it is urgent to apply legal and management measures, both, of national (Spain and Portugal) and European governments.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1-2</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;pub-location: Stuttgart&lt;br/&gt;publisher: Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ascensão, Fernando</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mira, António</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Factors affecting culvert use by vertebrates along two stretches of road in southern Portugal</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecological Research</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">canonical ordination</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">conservation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">culvert use</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Incluir?</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Road ecology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vertebrates</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2007</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2007///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.springerlink.com/index/10.1007/s11284-006-0004-1</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">22</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">57 - 66</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A major target for environmental managers when trying to minimise the road-barrier eﬀect on wildlife is to improve permeability to animal movements. Previous studies have demonstrated that drainage culverts are used by vertebrates, although knowledge of the main inﬂuencing factors remains limited. The use of 34 culverts from two roads in southern Portugal, diﬀering in traﬃc volume, vehicle speeds and conﬁguration, was evaluated by the analysis of terrestrial vertebrate footprint data (408 passage-operative days). Culvert crossings were related to various explanatory variables by means of canonical ordination techniques. We recorded 901 complete crossings, corresponding to an average of 2.2 crossings/culvert/operative day. Thirteen taxa were detected, all in more than one passage. Animal species included reptiles, small mammals, lagomorphs, carnivores and domestic dogs and cats. Our results suggest that fencing might have a funnelling effect, directing larger animals toward culverts. Also, vegetation covering culvert entrances seems to have a positive eﬀect, particularly on genets; longer passages with entrances far from the pavement were, apparently, avoided by smaller animals; a lower number of crossings was detected on passages with detritus pits; the closest passages to urban areas are more often used by domestic species; forest-living species favour passages with low, open land cover nearby; and smaller species, like lagomorphs and small mammals, appear to use more culverts near the pavement, which probably reﬂects the importance of road verges as refuges for these species. Although not used by all species present in the study area, constructing numerous passages of diﬀerent sizes without detritus pits and which are distributed along roads might be an important step in mitigating road fragmentation eﬀects on animal populations.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;label: Incluir?</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ascensão, Fernando</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mira, António</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Factors affecting culvert use by vertebrates along two stretches of road in southern Portugal</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecological Research</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">canonical ordination</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">conservation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">culvert use</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Incluir?</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Road ecology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vertebrates</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2007</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">22</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">57-66</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A major target for environmental managers when trying to minimise the road-barrier eﬀect on wildlife is to improve permeability to animal movements. Previous studies have demonstrated that drainage culverts are used by vertebrates, although knowledge of the main inﬂuencing factors remains limited. The use of 34 culverts from two roads in southern Portugal, diﬀering in traﬃc volume, vehicle speeds and conﬁguration, was evaluated by the analysis of terrestrial vertebrate footprint data (408 passage-operative days). Culvert crossings were related to various explanatory variables by means of canonical ordination techniques. We recorded 901 complete crossings, corresponding to an average of 2.2 crossings/culvert/operative day. Thirteen taxa were detected, all in more than one passage. Animal species included reptiles, small mammals, lagomorphs, carnivores and domestic dogs and cats. Our results suggest that fencing might have a funnelling effect, directing larger animals toward culverts. Also, vegetation covering culvert entrances seems to have a positive eﬀect, particularly on genets; longer passages with entrances far from the pavement were, apparently, avoided by smaller animals; a lower number of crossings was detected on passages with detritus pits; the closest passages to urban areas are more often used by domestic species; forest-living species favour passages with low, open land cover nearby; and smaller species, like lagomorphs and small mammals, appear to use more culverts near the pavement, which probably reﬂects the importance of road verges as refuges for these species. Although not used by all species present in the study area, constructing numerous passages of diﬀerent sizes without detritus pits and which are distributed along roads might be an important step in mitigating road fragmentation eﬀects on animal populations.</style></abstract><label><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Incluir?</style></label></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gil, L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heredia, U López De</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">La diversidad en las especies forestales: un cambio de escala. El ejemplo del alcornoque</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecosistemas</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">conservation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">hybridisation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">intraspecific diversity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus suber</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2006</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">XV</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1-9</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diversity in forest tree species: a change in the scale. The case study of cork oak. The strategies for conservation of biodiversity have a major lack in widespread tree species. While the rule in herbaceous/shrublike taxa is ensure the maintenance of interspecific diversity, the changing ability of tree species relies on intraspecific diversity. Cork oak is an example of long-lived, widespread species not considered as threatened. However, cork oak inhabits several sites, with different population histories and ecological constraints frequently unknown. Thus, menaces are more cryptic, allowing cork oak?s regional or local extinction. Conservation strategies should focus in maintaining cork oak?s intraspecific diversity and the processes that generate it, as it is the introgression with other Quercus species</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fineschi, S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vendramin, G. G.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">La diversitá cloroplastica delle querce italiane: evidenze di una maggiore ricchezza genetica nelle popolazioni meridionali e insulari</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">iForest - Biogeosciences and Forestry</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chloroplastic Diversity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">colonization</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">conservation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">glacial refugia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">phylogeography</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2004</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2004///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.sisef.it/forest@/show.php?id=220http://www.sisef.it/forest@/pdf/Fineschi_220.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">82 - 87</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Results of the analysis of non-coding regions of the chloroplast genome in Italian population of deciduous oaks (subgenus Quercus) and holm oak (subgenus Scleropyllodris) are reported. Deciduous oak revealed the occurrence of six chloroplast haplotypes, differently distributed in the single geographic areas (northern, central, and southern Italy, and major islands). Moreover, most of the present Italian oak populations seems to derive from two major refugia, located in Sicily and in the Balkans, respectively. The most likely migration dynamics from the refugia towards the central and northern part of the peninsula are discussed. Migration pathways resulted to have been different in the various geographic areas. The presence of an endemic haplotype in Sardinia and Corsica was considered of particular interest. In Italian holm oak populations eight haplotypes were detected, six of them in Sicily. Five out of six Sicilian haplotypes resulted to be endemic. The Italian peninsula was colonized by two major haplotypes, one of them originating from Sicily. Results on deciduous oaks and holm oak in Italy highlight the important role played by the populations from the south and from the major islands in the colonization the Italian peninsula after the last ice age.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;pub-location: (1) CNR Istituto per la Protezione delle Piante, via Madonna del Piano, Edificio E, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze; (2) CNR Istituto di Genetica Vegetale, sezione di Firenze, via Madonna del Piano, Edificio D, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze&lt;br/&gt;publisher: SISEF - Italian Society of Silviculture and Forest Ecology</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fineschi, S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vendramin, G G</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">La diversitá cloroplastica delle querce italiane: evidenze di una maggiore ricchezza genetica nelle popolazioni meridionali e insulari</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">iForest - Biogeosciences and Forestry</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chloroplastic Diversity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">colonization</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">conservation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">glacial refugia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">phylogeography</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2004</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SISEF - Italian Society of Silviculture and Forest Ecology</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">(1) CNR Istituto per la Protezione delle Piante, via Madonna del Piano, Edificio E, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze; (2) CNR Istituto di Genetica Vegetale, sezione di Firenze, via Madonna del Piano, Edificio D, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">82-87</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Results of the analysis of non-coding regions of the chloroplast genome in Italian population of deciduous oaks (subgenus Quercus) and holm oak (subgenus Scleropyllodris) are reported. Deciduous oak revealed the occurrence of six chloroplast haplotypes, differently distributed in the single geographic areas (northern, central, and southern Italy, and major islands). Moreover, most of the present Italian oak populations seems to derive from two major refugia, located in Sicily and in the Balkans, respectively. The most likely migration dynamics from the refugia towards the central and northern part of the peninsula are discussed. Migration pathways resulted to have been different in the various geographic areas. The presence of an endemic haplotype in Sardinia and Corsica was considered of particular interest. In Italian holm oak populations eight haplotypes were detected, six of them in Sicily. Five out of six Sicilian haplotypes resulted to be endemic. The Italian peninsula was colonized by two major haplotypes, one of them originating from Sicily. Results on deciduous oaks and holm oak in Italy highlight the important role played by the populations from the south and from the major islands in the colonization the Italian peninsula after the last ice age.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Corbacho, Casimiro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sánchez, Juan Manuel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Costillo, Emilio</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Patterns of structural complexity and human disturbance of riparian vegetation in agricultural landscapes of a Mediterranean area</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agriculture, Ecosystems &amp; Environment</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">agricultural landscapes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">conservation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Human disturbance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mediterranean areas</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Riparian vegetation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Successional vegetative gradient</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SW Spain</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2003</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2003///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0167880902002189</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">95</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">495 - 507</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Riparian corridors are valuable high diversity habitats in Mediterranean-type environments and mainly in agricultural landscapes. Following a ‘vegetation complexes’ approach along ﬂuvial landscapes, the factors affecting structural complexity and human disturbance through agricultural areas in south-west (SW) Spain were analysed. Using principal component analysis and a stepwise multiple regression analysis three main results were obtained: (1) a successional vegetative gradient was noted from upper (pioneer herbaceous communities) to lower reaches of streams (closed-canopy forests) with a concomitant increase in both woody cover and habitat diversity; (2) land-use intensity associated with each of the agricultural production methods, which was mainly related to topographic irregularity, appeared to be the main cause of human disturbance in riparian areas. Thus, the closed-canopy forests located in ﬂat landscapes of lower streams were removed, highly modiﬁed or extensively fragmented; in contrast, riparian complexes placed on wild and rough landscapes of upper streams appeared as undisturbed or near-natural; (3) nearly 50% of the natural riparian vegetation of the study area has been highly modiﬁed or has disappeared, in most cases replaced by non-natural formations which have today become dominant. The protection of the few existing well-preserved riparian corridors and the restoration of highly altered riparian areas in the lower reaches of streams has become a priority in maintaining biodiversity in these agricultural Mediterranean landscapes. The extensive and cost-effective method developed for this study would be easily applicable to other large areas to evaluate the effect of human disturbance on riparian corridors</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2-3</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Corbacho, Casimiro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sánchez, Juan Manuel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Costillo, Emilio</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Patterns of structural complexity and human disturbance of riparian vegetation in agricultural landscapes of a Mediterranean area</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agriculture, Ecosystems &amp; Environment</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">agricultural landscapes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">conservation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Human disturbance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mediterranean areas</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Riparian vegetation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Successional vegetative gradient</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SW Spain</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2003</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">95</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">495-507</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Riparian corridors are valuable high diversity habitats in Mediterranean-type environments and mainly in agricultural landscapes. Following a ‘vegetation complexes’ approach along ﬂuvial landscapes, the factors affecting structural complexity and human disturbance through agricultural areas in south-west (SW) Spain were analysed. Using principal component analysis and a stepwise multiple regression analysis three main results were obtained: (1) a successional vegetative gradient was noted from upper (pioneer herbaceous communities) to lower reaches of streams (closed-canopy forests) with a concomitant increase in both woody cover and habitat diversity; (2) land-use intensity associated with each of the agricultural production methods, which was mainly related to topographic irregularity, appeared to be the main cause of human disturbance in riparian areas. Thus, the closed-canopy forests located in ﬂat landscapes of lower streams were removed, highly modiﬁed or extensively fragmented; in contrast, riparian complexes placed on wild and rough landscapes of upper streams appeared as undisturbed or near-natural; (3) nearly 50% of the natural riparian vegetation of the study area has been highly modiﬁed or has disappeared, in most cases replaced by non-natural formations which have today become dominant. The protection of the few existing well-preserved riparian corridors and the restoration of highly altered riparian areas in the lower reaches of streams has become a priority in maintaining biodiversity in these agricultural Mediterranean landscapes. The extensive and cost-effective method developed for this study would be easily applicable to other large areas to evaluate the effect of human disturbance on riparian corridors</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gutierrez, J P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Altarriba, J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diaz, C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quintanilla, R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Canon, J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Piedrafita, J</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pedigree analysis of eight Spanish beef cattle breeds</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GENETICS SELECTION EVOLUTION</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">beef breeds</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">conservation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">inbreeding</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">probability of gene origin</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2003</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">E D P SCIENCES</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7, AVE DU HOGGAR, PARC D ACTIVITES COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEXA, FRANCE</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">35</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">43-63</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The genetic structure of eight Spanish autochthonous populations (breeds) of beef cattle were studied from pedigree records. The populations studied were: Alistana and Sayaguesa (minority breeds), Avilena - Negra Iberica and Morucha ({''}dehesa{''} breeds, with a scarce incidence of artificial insemination), and mountain breeds, including Asturiana de los Valles, Asturiana de la Montana and Pirenaica, with extensive use of AI. The Bruna dels Pirineus breed possesses characteristics which make its classification into one of the former groups difficult. There was a large variation between breeds both in the census and the number of herds. Generation intervals ranged from 3.7 to 5.5 years, tending to be longer as the population size was larger. The effective numbers of herds suggest that a small number of herds behaves as a selection nucleus for the rest of the breed. The complete generation equivalent has also been greatly variable, although in general scarce, with the exception of the Pirenaica breed, with a mean of 3.8. Inbreeding effective population sizes were actually small (21 to 127), especially in the mountain-type breeds. However, the average relatedness computed for these breeds suggests that a slight exchange of animals between herds will lead to a much more favourable evolution of inbreeding. The effective number of founders and ancestors were also variable among breeds, although in general the breeds behaved as if they were founded by a small number of animals (25 to 163).</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Garrido, B.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hampe, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MARAÑON, T.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arroyo, J.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Regional differences in land use affect population performance of the threatened insectivorous plant Drosophyllum lusitanicum (Droseraceae)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diversity and Distributions</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">carnivorous plant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">conservation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">demographic structure</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ecogeography</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">geographical range</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mediterranean heathland</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">range-wide survey</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Regeneration</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2003</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2003///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://doi.wiley.com/10.1046/j.1472-4642.2003.00029.x</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">335 - 350</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">We analyse populations of the insectivorous plant Drosophyllum lusitanicum (L.) Link (Droseraceae) and their habitats throughout the species’ distribution range (Portugal, Spain and Morocco), and examine their relations. We have surveyed 32 populations and we analyse their demographic structures, accompanying plant communities (by TWINSPAN analyses), and relationships between population features and several edaphic and nonedaphic environmental variables (by multiple regression analyses). Plant communities, their ﬂoristic richness and degree of endemism change across the geographical range of Drosophyllum. Populations vary strongly in size, density and age structure. Their recruitment seems largely determined by competition with the surrounding vegetation, while only weak relationships were detected between population performance and other environmental factors. The demographic structure of populations exhibits a marked geographical differentiation, with populations becoming older and sparser towards the north-western part of the range. The largest and presumably most stable populations are mostly found in southern Spanish heathlands, which are nowadays scarcely affected by man. Moroccan populations suffer from browsing by cattle and experience an accelerated generation turnover, while most Portuguese populations occur in afforested areas and experience strongly reduced recruitment. The historical distribution range of Drosophyllum within its peculiar habitat has probably been relatively stable, but recent regional differences in human land use have resulted in present-day differences in population performance, as well as in types and degrees of threat across the three countries involved. Conservation strategies should take into account this range-wide variation and combine approaches on different spatial scales.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Garrido, B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hampe, A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MARAÑÓN, T</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arroyo, J</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Regional differences in land use affect population performance of the threatened insectivorous plant Drosophyllum lusitanicum (Droseraceae)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diversity and Distributions</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">carnivorous plant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">conservation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">demographic structure</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ecogeography</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">geographical range</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mediterranean heathland</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">range-wide survey</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Regeneration</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2003</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">335-350</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">We analyse populations of the insectivorous plant Drosophyllum lusitanicum (L.) Link (Droseraceae) and their habitats throughout the species’ distribution range (Portugal, Spain and Morocco), and examine their relations. We have surveyed 32 populations and we analyse their demographic structures, accompanying plant communities (by TWINSPAN analyses), and relationships between population features and several edaphic and nonedaphic environmental variables (by multiple regression analyses). Plant communities, their ﬂoristic richness and degree of endemism change across the geographical range of Drosophyllum. Populations vary strongly in size, density and age structure. Their recruitment seems largely determined by competition with the surrounding vegetation, while only weak relationships were detected between population performance and other environmental factors. The demographic structure of populations exhibits a marked geographical differentiation, with populations becoming older and sparser towards the north-western part of the range. The largest and presumably most stable populations are mostly found in southern Spanish heathlands, which are nowadays scarcely affected by man. Moroccan populations suffer from browsing by cattle and experience an accelerated generation turnover, while most Portuguese populations occur in afforested areas and experience strongly reduced recruitment. The historical distribution range of Drosophyllum within its peculiar habitat has probably been relatively stable, but recent regional differences in human land use have resulted in present-day differences in population performance, as well as in types and degrees of threat across the three countries involved. Conservation strategies should take into account this range-wide variation and combine approaches on different spatial scales.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gauquelin, Thierry</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bertaudiere, Valerie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Montès, Nicolas</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Endangered stands of thuriferous juniper in the western Mediterranean basin: ecological status, conservation and management</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biodiversity and Conservation</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">conservation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">degradation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Juniperus thurifera</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">management</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mediterranean basin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">thuriferous juniper woodland</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1999</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1479-1498</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thuriferous juniper is only found in isolated parts of the western Mediterranean: France (Alps, Pyrenees and Corsican highlands), Spain, Algeria and Morocco. These semi-arid mountain stands, where thuriferous juniper trees grow in low-density open woodland, are seriously endangered: (i) In the Atlas mountains, the thuriferous juniper stands are heavily degraded as a result of the intensive wood removal and livestock activity in these densely populated areas. This situation, which will soon become irreversible unless remedial measures are urgently taken, has produced impoverished soils and hillside instability while contributing to desertiﬁcation. (ii) In Spain, although livestock activity and cultivation have strongly reduced areas occupied by Juniperus thurifera, stands are still numerous and, in some regions, show a good regeneration due to conservation measures. (iii) In France, the decline in human and livestock activities over recent decades has led to a recolonization of some of the Juniper stands by pines or oak. A forest management system that enables these original stands to survive and regenerate must be undertaken without delay. The dynamics of evolution of these stands is quite different north and south of the Mediterranean. In both cases, conservation measures are urgently required to protect or rehabilitate these original stands with ﬂoristic, ecological and socio-economic interest.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gauquelin, Thierry</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bertaudiere, Valerie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Montès, Nicolas</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Endangered stands of thuriferous juniper in the western Mediterranean basin: ecological status, conservation and management</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biodiversity and Conservation</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">conservation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">degradation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Juniperus thurifera</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">management</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mediterranean basin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">thuriferous juniper woodland</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1999</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1999///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.springerlink.com/index/J5VL2061H3653038.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1479 - 1498</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thuriferous juniper is only found in isolated parts of the western Mediterranean: France (Alps, Pyrenees and Corsican highlands), Spain, Algeria and Morocco. These semi-arid mountain stands, where thuriferous juniper trees grow in low-density open woodland, are seriously endangered: (i) In the Atlas mountains, the thuriferous juniper stands are heavily degraded as a result of the intensive wood removal and livestock activity in these densely populated areas. This situation, which will soon become irreversible unless remedial measures are urgently taken, has produced impoverished soils and hillside instability while contributing to desertiﬁcation. (ii) In Spain, although livestock activity and cultivation have strongly reduced areas occupied by Juniperus thurifera, stands are still numerous and, in some regions, show a good regeneration due to conservation measures. (iii) In France, the decline in human and livestock activities over recent decades has led to a recolonization of some of the Juniper stands by pines or oak. A forest management system that enables these original stands to survive and regenerate must be undertaken without delay. The dynamics of evolution of these stands is quite different north and south of the Mediterranean. In both cases, conservation measures are urgently required to protect or rehabilitate these original stands with ﬂoristic, ecological and socio-economic interest.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Munguira, M L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Martín, J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">García-Barros, E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Viejo, J L</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Use of space and resources in a Mediterranean population of the butterfly Euphydryas aurinia</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acta Oecologica</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">conservation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">lepidoptera</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">nymphalidae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">population estimates</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">resource use</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">spatial distribution</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1997</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">18</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">597-612</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">stract Population parameters of a central Spanish population of the marsh fritillary butterfly, Euphy- dryas aurinia (Rott.), were studied between 1990 and 1991. Numbers were very similar in the two study years, but adult emergence was delayed 15 days in the second year as a consequence of variation in weather conditions. The nectar sources used by adults were different in the two years and were correlated with the most abundant plants available during the flight period. Adult abundance was correlated with the pre- sence of the larval foodplant (Lonicera periclymenum) in open woodland and was higher where this habitat was mixed with open areas, where nectar sources abound. Estimates of male population numbers were higher than those of females, suggesting that males used wider ranges than females, or a higher residence rate for males. Nevertheless mobility did not differ significantly between the sexes. The conservation of the species in central Spain depends on maintaining patches of oak wood- lands, important for the presence of larval foodplants. Large numbers of the butterfly in the Natural Park study area are favoured by traditional management including charcoal production and extensive grazing by cattle and goats.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>3</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jurado Doña, V</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ojeda Rivera, J F</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ECOLOGIA DE LOS BOSQUES DE QUERCUS DEL PARQUE NATURAL DE LOS ALCORNOCALES (CADIZ)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Congreso Forestal Español, 14 e 18 Junho de 1993, Lourizán</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cádiz</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">conservation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ecology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1993</style></year></dates><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">387-390</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The floral importance of the most southern mountains of Europe is determined by several orographic, climatic and edaphic factors. This article deals with the ecologic and phitogeographic study of the forests of Quercus of this area that still have a remarkable degree of conservation and that reflects an ancient forest exploitation according to the data of the historie files.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pineda, F D</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Perspectives on research into spanish open woodlands (dehesa): some recent ecological experiences</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Giornale botanico italiano</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">conservation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dehesa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecological succession</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mediterranean pastures</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">spatial organisation of plant communities</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1990</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Taylor &amp; Francis</style></publisher><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">124</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">311-320</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abstract Dehesa (open savanna-like woodland) is a Mediterranean ecosystem covering some two million hectares in the central, western and southeast parts of the Iberian Peninsula. Its importance as an ecosystem is seen from the perspective of food and energy production, scientific study and cultural traditions (Balcells et al., 1982 a, b; Humbert, 1980; Montoya, 1983; Ruiz, 1986; Vacher et al., 1985). Scientists have been carrying out studies from all of these perspectives for many years. Their conclusions have nevertheless had little influence on Spanish agricultural policy. While the information has been relevant and applicable to the ecosystem's management, policy has always been conditioned by controls on marketing channels, international stock-feed and agricultural machinery markets etc. This has led to a lamentable situation involving the destruction of landscapes, ancestral cultures and extensive grazing in large areas of the Iberian Peninsul (Balabanian, 1980; Campos Palicin, 1983; Fourneau Vacher et al., 1985). Some significant aspects of Spanish research in recent decades is summarized below, covering both the theoretical and the applied aspects of work done, particularly by the Ecology Department of Madrid's two Universities. Research on the dehesa in recent years has covered several phenomena: ? The conditioning factors imposed by climate and meteoroligical fluctuations in Mediterranean environments ? Types of herbivore grazing and pasture management ? Woodland-herbaceous vegetation interaction ? The perception and interpretation of landscapa by both its traditional users as well as others not involved in dehesa management ? Spatial plants organization observable on different scales of detail. Other aspects givin rise to several important studies include changes in land use and historic, institutional, economic, social and conservation question (Elena Rosellò, 1984; Garcia Sanz, 1978; Groome, 1985).</style></abstract><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">doi: 10.1080/11263509009428151</style></notes><research-notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">doi: 10.1080/11263509009428151</style></research-notes></record></records></xml>