<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Azcárate, Francisco M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seoane, Javier</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Castro, Sara</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peco, Begoña</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Drove roads: Keystone structures that promote ant diversity in Mediterranean forest landscapes</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acta Oecologica</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ant assemblages</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">functional diversity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grasslands</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">spatial heterogeneity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Transhumance</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1146609X13000611</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">49</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">107 - 115</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abstract Drove roads are the traditional corridors used by pastoralists for seasonal movements of livestock (transhumance). They cover a considerable land area in Mediterranean countries and, although they are an obvious source of landscape diversity, their influence on the diversity and composition of animal assemblages has not been documented. Ant communities were studied on four active drove roads, two in forests (submediterranean and conifer) and two in open environments (croplands and rangelands). They were compared with the respective matrix communities and their contribution to local species richness was evaluated. The effects were heavily dependent on the open or closed nature of the matrix. In forest environments, drove roads increased ant species richness at the local scale, acting as clear keystone structures. Their species richness and functional diversity were highest on the fine scale, species composition was different, and a slight edge effect in the matrix was detected. In contrast, drove roads had little or even a negative effect in open environment locations. We conclude that drove roads have a high conservation value for ants in Mediterranean forest environments, in addition to their importance as reservoirs of plant biodiversity and generators of ecological goods and services.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Puerta-Piñero, Carolina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gómez, Jose M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valladares, Fernando</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Irradiance and oak seedling survival and growth in a heterogeneous environment</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Forest Ecology and Management</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">light environment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mediterranean Region</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus ilex</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">seedling performance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">spatial heterogeneity</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2007</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2007///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0378112707000874</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">242</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">462 - 469</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Mediterranean region emerges highly heterogeneous at every spatio-temporal scale. Key species shape a mosaic of patches (landscape units) composed of different microhabitats. Within these ecosystems irradiance appears as one of the most changing factors affecting communities’ dynamic. However, the impact of irradiance on the species performance is still poorly known. In this study, we intended to explore whether irradiance heterogeneity inﬂuences early recruitment. We chose a patchy Mediterranean site. During 2001, 2002 and 2003 we marked naturally Quercus ilex emerged seedlings. We distinguished three landscape units (Q. ilex woodlands, shrublands and afforestations) and six microhabitats (oak, broom, tall shrub, subshrub, pine and open). For each seedling, we measured (1) irradiance as global site factor (GSF); (2) acorn presence; (3) acorn depth; (4) burial layer; (5) distance to the nearest co-speciﬁc adult. As estimates of seedling performance, we measured seedling survival and height. Estimates of seedling performance were higher in 2001 and 2002 than in 2003. Oak or pine microhabitats achieved higher survival rates than brooms or open areas whilst under oaks, brooms or in open areas seedling height was lower than under tall shrubs. Irradiance signiﬁcantly affected seedling survival and growth. The lower the irradiance, the higher the survival. Maximal growth was found at intermediate irradiance, indicating that, in this system, moderate shade is crucial for Q. ilex seedling recruitment. Some microhabitats provide intermediate irradiance that combines positive effects on survival and growth. As a ﬁnal point, dispersers’ activity creates a heterogeneous distribution of acorn deposition ﬁltering out part of the total irradiance present in the study site.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2-3</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bellot, Juan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Escarre, Antonio</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stemflow and throughfall determination in a resprouted Mediterranean holm-oak forest</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ann. For. Sci.</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Holm oak</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">interception</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">spatial heterogeneity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">stemflow</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">throughfall</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1998</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1998///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/forest:19980708</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">55</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">847 - 865</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stemflow, throughfall and precipitation data were collected for 30 consecutive months in a holm-oak forest dominated by Quercus ilex, Arbutus unedo and Phyllirea media. These flux data were obtained from 50 randomly distributed no-roving throughfall collectors and 20 stemflow measuring devices (ten on Q. ilex and five on each of the other species). The stemllow was highly influenced by tree size and amount of rainfall, showing a significant correlation for each tree. Throughfall results showed a high spatial variability for each storm, with a significant independence of collectors. At forest scale, stemflow and throughfall represented 12.1 and 75 % of precipitation, respectively, and interception was estimated as 12.9 % of precipitation. Partitioning of rainfall between stemflow and throughfall created a high spatial heterogeneity of water distribution under the canopy. Stemflow increased more than 30 times the mean amount of water received per unit soil area around tree trunks. Finally, the effect of a change in the amount of precipitation according to a regional scenario was analyzed. It was shown that the increase in high rainfall events rather than small events increased the stemflow percentage.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></issue></record></records></xml>