<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>3</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heredia-Rendon, A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Enriquez-del Valle, J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Campos, G V</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marini, F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Velasco, V A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Damon, A</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">RodriguezDelfin, A and Martinez, PF</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ex Vitro Acclimatization of Laelia halbingeriana Plants Grown in Different Media and Fertilization Doses</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON SOILLESS CULTURE AND HYDROPONICS</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">development</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">in vitro</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">nitrogen</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Orchidacea</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seeds</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">843</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">191-196</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">978-90-6605-652-7</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In vitro plants of the orchid Laelia halbingeriana were obtained from&lt;br/&gt;seed germination. The plants were grown and established in different&lt;br/&gt;organic substrates mixes. The substrates resulted from the mix of&lt;br/&gt;compost and charcoal, land of mount and Holm oak bark, and peat and&lt;br/&gt;volcanic tuff. The plants were fertilized with four levels of nitrogen&lt;br/&gt;(0, 10, 30 and 50 mg L-1). Six months after the establishment, 64.84%&lt;br/&gt;to 80.22% of the plants were adapted to the climate conditions. The&lt;br/&gt;highest survival rates in plantlets were obtained in the adaptation&lt;br/&gt;conditions using peat-volcanic tuff and nitrogen doses of 30 and 50 mg&lt;br/&gt;L-1. These plants had an average of 8.01 cm height, 5.15 leafs, 2.66&lt;br/&gt;pseudo-bulbs, 77 to 89 mg of total accumulated dry matter, and 42 to&lt;br/&gt;45% of C in leaves and pseudo-bulbs. The fertilization had a&lt;br/&gt;significant effect (P &lt;= 0.05) on the plants growth and a highly&lt;br/&gt;significant effect (P &lt;= 0.01) on number of leaves, width of the major&lt;br/&gt;leaf and the number of pseudo-bulbs; The interaction substrates and&lt;br/&gt;fertilization had a highly significant effect (P &lt;= 0.01) on the&lt;br/&gt;nitrogen content in leaves and pseudo-bulbs.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>5</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Safriel, Uriel N.</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kepner, W. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rubio, Jose L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mouat, David A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pedrazzini, Fausto</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DRYLAND DEVELOPMENT , DESERTIFICATION AND SECURITY IN THE MEDITERRANEAN</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Desertification in the Mediterranean Region a Security Issue</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">aridity index</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">biological productivity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">desertification</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">development</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">drylands</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mediterranean countries</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Security (voyant)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soil moisture</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">vulnerability</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">water use effciency</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2006</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2006///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Springer Netherlands</style></publisher><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">227 - 250</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bioclimatically, The Mediterranean basin comprises a transition between southern desert (Saharian-Arabian deserts) and northern non-desert (European woodlands). Using UNEP´s aridity classification, the political boundaries of all Mediterranean countries include the whole range of dryland types: from south to north, southern Mediterranean countries which are closer to the Sahara-Arabian deserts than the northern Mediterranean countries, have hyper-arid drylands (true deserts), semi-arid drylands, and dry-subhumid drylands; north Mediterranean countries have semi-arid drylands, dry subhumids drylands, and non- drylands regions – humid areas. The UNCCD does not regard hyper-arid drylands as prone to desertification, hence all Mediterranean countries have within their boundaries areas prone to desertification and areas not prone to desertification; in southern Mediterranean countries not prone to desertification are the southern-most and driest regions, and in the northern Mediterranean countries – these are the northern-most and driest region, and in the northern Mediterranean countries – these are the northern-most and least dry regions. The eastern Mediterranean countries – Israel, Lebanon and Syria combined, present the full south- northen gradients of the global drylands. The southernmost of the three, Israel comprises all four dryland types within its boundaries with more than half of its territory prone to desertification, and the analysis of its development, desertification and security can serve as a case study with lessons to the Mediterranean region as a whole. From the dawn history the country has been under intensive land use by humans, including pastoralism and cropping. The new Israel viewed its semi-arid areas, most prone to desertification, as a security risk, and set out to settle them mainly through agricultural development, extensive afforestation projects, rehabilitation of vegetation and restoration of water-related ecosystem services. Exploitation and grazing pressure on the dry subhumid scrublands have been reduced, with fast transition of the vegetation to woodland formation, with restoration of water and soil related ecosystem services. The sustainability if this agricultural development and its potential to avert salinization were driven by transportation of high-quality irrigation water from dry subhumid-generated resources to drier regions. This has been augmented by water conservation hinged on drip irrigation, and by research and extension services. Dry subhumid areas, arid and hyperarid areas have benefited from the agricultural experience gained in the semi-arid region and the infrastructure established to supor tit. Afforestation practices developed for the dry subhumid areas have “migrated” to semi-arid and arid regions. The discovery of geothermal, brackish fossil groundwater and the adaptation of greenhouses to growth houses in dry and hot regions provided farmers with options of intensive cash-crop agriculture and aquaculture – practices that are economic on land use and hence of little if any desertification impact. During its first decades, Israel rehabilitated many previously desertified areas and prevented further desertification. But in recent decades desertification has reemerged. In the dry subhumid areas there is soil salinization, and increasing impenetrability of dry sughumid woodland and “bush encroachment” leading to degraded range quality and woodland fires leading to soil erosion. In the semi-arid areas there is soil erosion of irrigated fields and intensified gully erosion in croplands and rangelands. Salinization of a large scale is expected due to expanding areas of agriculture irrigated with non-desalinated treated wastewater. Thus, rather than generating security problems due to desertification, the attempt to avert security problems by intensified development, eventually lead to desertification.</style></abstract><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;periodical: Desertification in the Mediterranean Region a Security Issue</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>7</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Safriel, Uriel N</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kepner, W G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rubio, Jose L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mouat, David A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pedrazzini, Fausto</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DRYLAND DEVELOPMENT , DESERTIFICATION AND SECURITY IN THE MEDITERRANEAN</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Desertification in the Mediterranean Region a Security Issue</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">aridity index</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">biological productivity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">desertification</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">development</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">drylands</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mediterranean countries</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Security (voyant)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soil moisture</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">vulnerability</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">water use effciency</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2006</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Springer Netherlands</style></publisher><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">227-250</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bioclimatically, The Mediterranean basin comprises a transition between southern desert (Saharian-Arabian deserts) and northern non-desert (European woodlands). Using UNEP´s aridity classification, the political boundaries of all Mediterranean countries include the whole range of dryland types: from south to north, southern Mediterranean countries which are closer to the Sahara-Arabian deserts than the northern Mediterranean countries, have hyper-arid drylands (true deserts), semi-arid drylands, and dry-subhumid drylands; north Mediterranean countries have semi-arid drylands, dry subhumids drylands, and non- drylands regions – humid areas. The UNCCD does not regard hyper-arid drylands as prone to desertification, hence all Mediterranean countries have within their boundaries areas prone to desertification and areas not prone to desertification; in southern Mediterranean countries not prone to desertification are the southern-most and driest regions, and in the northern Mediterranean countries – these are the northern-most and driest region, and in the northern Mediterranean countries – these are the northern-most and least dry regions. The eastern Mediterranean countries – Israel, Lebanon and Syria combined, present the full south- northen gradients of the global drylands. The southernmost of the three, Israel comprises all four dryland types within its boundaries with more than half of its territory prone to desertification, and the analysis of its development, desertification and security can serve as a case study with lessons to the Mediterranean region as a whole. From the dawn history the country has been under intensive land use by humans, including pastoralism and cropping. The new Israel viewed its semi-arid areas, most prone to desertification, as a security risk, and set out to settle them mainly through agricultural development, extensive afforestation projects, rehabilitation of vegetation and restoration of water-related ecosystem services. Exploitation and grazing pressure on the dry subhumid scrublands have been reduced, with fast transition of the vegetation to woodland formation, with restoration of water and soil related ecosystem services. The sustainability if this agricultural development and its potential to avert salinization were driven by transportation of high-quality irrigation water from dry subhumid-generated resources to drier regions. This has been augmented by water conservation hinged on drip irrigation, and by research and extension services. Dry subhumid areas, arid and hyperarid areas have benefited from the agricultural experience gained in the semi-arid region and the infrastructure established to supor tit. Afforestation practices developed for the dry subhumid areas have “migrated” to semi-arid and arid regions. The discovery of geothermal, brackish fossil groundwater and the adaptation of greenhouses to growth houses in dry and hot regions provided farmers with options of intensive cash-crop agriculture and aquaculture – practices that are economic on land use and hence of little if any desertification impact. During its first decades, Israel rehabilitated many previously desertified areas and prevented further desertification. But in recent decades desertification has reemerged. In the dry subhumid areas there is soil salinization, and increasing impenetrability of dry sughumid woodland and “bush encroachment” leading to degraded range quality and woodland fires leading to soil erosion. In the semi-arid areas there is soil erosion of irrigated fields and intensified gully erosion in croplands and rangelands. Salinization of a large scale is expected due to expanding areas of agriculture irrigated with non-desalinated treated wastewater. Thus, rather than generating security problems due to desertification, the attempt to avert security problems by intensified development, eventually lead to desertification.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Verdaguer, Dolors</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molinas, Marisa</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Developmental anatomy and apical organization of the primary root of cork oak (Quercus auber L.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">International Journal of Plant Sciences</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">development</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">meristem</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">primary root</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus suber</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">quiescent center</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">vascular development</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1999</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">University of Chicago Press</style></publisher><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">160</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">471</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Using histological techniques, we investigated the development and organization of the primary root and the root apex of Quercus suber L. (cork oak), a Mediterranean woody species growing in semiarid conditions. The presence of a quiescent center was also investigated. The histogenesis of the vascular system begins with the maturation of the protophloem elements. Primary phloem and xylem strands form alternately, and maturation proceeds centripetally, although xylem differentiation does not reach the center of the root, which is occupied by a pith. Most protoxylem elements were fully mature well before the endodermis entered State I with the formation of the Casparian strip. A continuous vascular cambium forms before the initiation of the phellogen in the outermost pericyclic layer. In the primary root the apex has an open organization with four groups of initials: vascular cylinder initials, cortical initials, lateral root-cap initials, and columella initials. The quiescent center includes the vascular initials and some derivatives. These features contrast with the radicle in mature and germinating embryos that have a closed organization with three groups of initials and a wider quiescent center.</style></abstract><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Accession Number: 2205588; Verdaguer, Dolors Molinas, Marisa; Source Info: May99, Vol. 160 Issue 3, p471; Subject Term: CORK oak; Subject Term: ROOTS (Botany) -- Anatomy; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 23 Black and White Photographs, 2 Diagrams; Document Type: Article</style></notes><research-notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Accession Number: 2205588; Verdaguer, Dolors Molinas, Marisa; Source Info: May99, Vol. 160 Issue 3, p471; Subject Term: CORK oak; Subject Term: ROOTS (Botany) -- Anatomy; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 23 Black and White Photographs, 2 Diagrams; Document Type: Article</style></research-notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Karabourniotis, G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kofidis, G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fasseas, C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liakoura, V</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Drossopoulos, I</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polyphenol deposition in leaf hairs of Olea europaea (Oleaceae) and Quercus ilex (Fagaceae)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cell walls</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">development</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">leaf hairs</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Olea europaea</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">phenolics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus ilex</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ultraviolet-B radiation damage</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1998</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BOTANICAL SOC AMER INC</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">OHIO STATE UNIV-DEPT BOTANY 1735 NEIL AVE, COLUMBUS, OH 43210 USA</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">85</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1007-1012</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The subcellular localization (cytoplasm, vacuoles, cell walls) of polyphenol compounds during the development of the multicellular nonglandular leaf hairs of Olea europaea (scales) and Quercus ilex (stellates), was investigated. Hairs of all developmental stages were treated with specific inducers of polyphenol fluorescence, and the bright yellow-green fluorescence of individual hairs was monitored with epifluorescence microscopy. During the early ontogenetic stages, bright fluorescence was emitted from the cytoplasm of the cells composing tie multicellular shield of the scales of O. europaea. Transmission electron micrographs of the same stages showed that these cells possessed poor vacuolation and thin cell walls. The nucleus of these cells may be protected against ultraviolet-B radiation damage. The progressive vacuolation that occurred during maturation was followed by a shifting of the bright green-yellow fluorescence from the perinuclear region and the cytoplasm to the cell walls. The same trends were observed during the development of the nonglandular stellate hairs of Quercus ilex, in which maturation was also accompanied by a considerable secondary thickening of the cell walls. Despite the differences in morphology, high concentrations of polyphenol compounds are initially located mainly in the cytoplasm of the developing nonglandular hairs, and their deposition on the cell walls rakes place during the secondary cell wall thickening. These structural changes during the development of the leaf hairs make them a very effective barrier against abiotic (UV-B radiation) and probably biotic (pathogenic) stresses.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BEISSALAH, Y</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">AMIN, T</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">EL HAJZEIN, B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">NEVILLE, P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BERNARD, Janine</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Etude de l'appareil radical de jeunes plants de Chênes verts dont le pivot se développe sans amputation, ni déviation</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ann. For. Sci.</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">development</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus ilex</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">rool</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seedling</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Temperature</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">vascular bundles</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1988</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">45</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">53-70</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The experimental study of the root system of woody plants is far behind that of the aerial system. To make up for this difference, a study was begun on a Mediterranean sclerophyllous oak (Quercus ilex L.). The present study defines the developmental characteristics of the root system in young seedling whose tap root has neither been diverted nor amputated and which grows in different ecological conditions (substrates, temperatures). The results obtained can be used as an interpretative guide for the root system’s reactions to both diverting and amputating. These reactions will be described elsewhere. The study was made in R IEDACKER type minirhirotrons (1974) and L AMOND type fog chambers (1975). The root system of holly oak seedlings (fig. 1) consists of one main root (tap root) with positive geotropism and rapid and theoretically unlimited growth, from which thin, usually short, branch roots, either subhorizontal or oblique with slow, limited growth, spread out (fig. 5). The tap root is not rectilinear, but ondulates more or less regulary (fig. 1), both in loosely-packed substrates (peat ou loam) and in the absence of any substrate (fog chamber). The substrate’s resistance to root penetration, therefore, does not cause these ondulations. The largest branch roots generally begin growth on the convex part of the ondulation (fig. 1, B and C). The tap root grows better in peat than in loam or fog chambers (fig. 2). Its growth is subject to different types of fluctuations (fig. 4). It is highly sensitive to thermic variations (fig. 2 and 3). A 5 °C temperature drop (from 25 °C to 20 °C) decreases its growth rate by a quarter in peat and by half in loam (fig. 2). This decrease is lower in fog chambers because of their neutralizing effect. The tap root’s growth rate also fluctuates regardless of temperature, substrate (peat or loam), or lack of substrate (fig. 4). The fluctuation period varies from 2 to 7 days and is probably the expression of an irregular endogenetic rythm. Systematic ablation of branch roots as they appear has not effect on the variations in the tap root’s growth rate. Anatomy also differentiates the tap root from branch roots. The tap root usually has 6 major xylem fascicles (more rarely 4 to 8) directly underneath the cotyledons and connected to them in groups of three per cotyledon (fig. 6). Between these are often extra xylem fascicles which are smaller, connected to the epicotyle and disappear rapidly lower down (fig. 7, A and A’). The major xylem fascicles divide between the 3‘d and T&amp;dquo; centimeter from the cotyledon by enlarging and isolating their wings (fig. 7, A and B) which can result at most in a tripling of the number of xylcm fascicles. These additional fascicles vanish progressively either by fusion and/or reduction up to the 20’&amp;dquo; centimeter from the cotyledon (fig. 7, C). Beyond this, we find the same number of xylem fascicles as at the start, i.e. only major fascicles remain (fig. 7, D). The number of phloem fascicles, at first twice that of the major xylem fascicles in the area of the tap root near the cotyledons (fig. 7, A and B), decreases progressively, generally by fusion, until it equals the latter beyond the 20’&amp;dquo; centimeter from the cotyledon (fig. 7, D). This remarkable fluctuation in fascicle number is probably related to the period of cotyledon influence. It is not present in the branch roots, which have between 3 and 5 xylem fascicles alternating with an equal number of phloem fascicles.</style></abstract></record></records></xml>