<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bussotti, Filippo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ferrini, Francesco</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pollastrini, Martina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fini, Alessio</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The challenge of Mediterranean sclerophyllous vegetation under climate change: From acclimation to adaptation</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Environmental and Experimental Botany</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Drought stress</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Global warming</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ozone</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">photosynthesis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">UV radiation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vegetation shift</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0098847213001421</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">103</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">80 - 98</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Forecasting models for climate change in southern Europe differ from those proposed for central and northern regions mainly with regard to precipitation. In fact, a strong reduction in average rainfall, mainly caused by decrease frequency of rainy events, is believe to occur in the Mediterranean basin in the forthcoming hundred years. Increased frequency of drought events will be paralleled and exacerbated by warming. Differently from areas where plant growth is limited by sub-optimal temperature (i.e. boreal and most temperate forests) and where warming has been reported to increase carbon assimilation and growth, plants growing in the Mediterranean basin are currently near their temperature optimum, and warming may contribute (e.g. with drought) to impair photosynthesis and depress growth and survival. Rising atmospheric CO2 has been found to increase growth, photosynthesis water use efficiency, and may partially alleviate the deleterious effects of warming and drought. However, in areas where severe and prolonged drought episodes occur, severe photoinhibition and metabolic limitation to photosynthesis may prevent Mediterranean sclerophylls to take advantage of higher atmospheric CO2, and may slow down recovery after the end of the dry season. The most sensitive forest types consist in tree species which are, in the Mediterranean basin, at the southernmost limit of their distribution range. In contrast, thermophilous trees are expected to have a greater diffusion both in southern and central Europe, as winter cold stress will be reduced by warming. Yet due to great variability of ecological features, the alleged substitution of tree species can follow a natural pattern from south to north and from low to high altitudes, without considering obstacles deriving from urbanization. For these reasons, research on the performance and ecologic plasticity of different genotypes, on species selection, and on planting and management techniques can have strategic importance for adaptive forest management.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sanz-Pérez, V.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Castro-Díez, P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valladares, F.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Differential and interactive effects of temperature and photoperiod on budburst and carbon reserves in two co-occurring Mediterranean oaks</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant Biology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Global warming</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lipids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phenology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus faginea</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus ilex</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">soluble sugars</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">starch</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">wood anatomy</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1438-8677.2008.00119.x</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">142 - 151</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effects of temperature and photoperiod and their interactions on budburst and on the use of carbon reserves were examined in two Mediterranean oaks differing in wood anatomy and leaf habit. Seedlings of Quercus ilex subsp. ballota (evergreen and diffuse-porous wood) and Q. faginea (semi-deciduous and ring-porous wood) were grown under two temperatures (12 and 19 °C) and two photoperiods (10 and 16 h) in a factorial experiment. In the 16 h photoperiod at 19 °C, photosynthesis was suppressed in half of the seedlings by covering leaves with aluminium foil. The concentration of soluble sugars, starch and lipids in leaves, stems and roots was assessed before and after budburst. Under the 12 °C treatment (mean current temperature in early spring in the Iberian Peninsula), budburst in Q. faginea occurred earlier than in Q. ilex. Higher temperature promoted earlier budburst in both species, mostly under the 16 h photoperiod. This response was less pronounced in Q. faginea because its budburst was also controlled by photoperiod, and because this species needs to construct a new ring of xylem before budburst to supply its growth demands. Therefore, dates of budburst of the two species became closer to each other in the warmer treatment, which might alter competitive relations between the species with changing climate. While Q. ilex relied on carbon reserves for budburst, Q. faginea relied on both carbon reserves and current photoassimilates. The different responses of the two Quercus species to temperature and photoperiod related more to xylem structure than to the source of carbon used for budburst.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;publisher: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brasier, C. M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SCOTT, J. K.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">European oak declines and global warming: a theoretical assessment with special reference to the activity of Phytophthora cinnamomi</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">EPPO Bulletin</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Global warming</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oak decline</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">phytophthora cinnamomi</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">range expansion (PG)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">root disease</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1994</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1994///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2338.1994.tb01063.x</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">24</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">221 - 232</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Causes of current severe declines of the deciduous oaks Quercus robur and Q. petraea in northern and central Europe and of the evergreen Q. ilex, Q. suber and other Quercus spp. in the Mediterranean area are reviewed. Factors implicated include drought, pollution, winter cold, flooding, and stress-related attacks by insects and fungi. Additional factors in Mediterranean oak declines include changing land-use patterns and root disease caused by the aggressive, exotic oomycete root pathogen Phytophthora cinnamomi. Under conditions of global warming the survival and degree of root disease caused by this fungus seems likely to be enhanced, while the host range of the organism might also be increased. Application of the CLIMEX climate-matching program suggests that with a mean increase in temperatures of 1.5–3°C the fungus might considerably increase its disease activity in its existing locations, and to some extent spread northwards and eastwards. However, it seems unlikely to become significantly active in areas of Europe with colder winters such as parts of Scandinavia, Russia and the central Danube. The predictive value of research on major environmental problems such as oak declines could be enhanced by more highly coordinated European forestry research programmes.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;publisher: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</style></notes></record></records></xml>