<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gabarrón-Galeote, Miguel Angel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ruiz-Sinoga, José Damián</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quesada, Miguel a</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Influence of aspect in soil and vegetation water dynamics in dry Mediterranean conditions: functional adjustment of evergreen and semi-deciduous growth forms</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecohydrology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">accepted 18 february 2012</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">aspect</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cistus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">lavandula</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mediterranean</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">plant water balance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">received 23 may 2011</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">revised 12 december 2011</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soil moisture</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/eco.1262</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">n/a - n/a</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">This study was undertaken in a watershed at a dry Spanish Mediterranean location. The effects of the north-facing and southfacing aspects on atmospheric parameters, soil water contents (SWCs) and plant water balances were assessed during 18 months including two dry seasons and one wet season. The species studied were the evergreen sclerophyll Quercus suber and the semideciduous shrubs Cistus albidus, Cistus monspeliensis and Lavandula stoechas. Atmospheric parameters were similar in both exposures, but water content of the 30-cm uppermost soil layers was higher under canopy in the south-facing slope during the wet season. Water balances of both slopes were different, and this was related to the lower shrub abundance and the vegetation patchiness observed in the south-facing slope. Autumn plant recovery was faster in the north-facing hillslope and occurred ﬁrst in shrubs. During the whole study, Quercus suber displayed a hydrostable strategy maintaining an optimum water balance in both hillslopes. This was not the case of shrubs that avoided drought using a phenological adjustment and were more affected by aspect. Differences between tree and shrub water economies relied mainly on their respective root systems. The faster recovery of shrubs after the ﬁrst autumn rainfalls allows them to avoid competition with other functional groups for water and nutrients during some days. Leaf-drying curves distinguished the functional behaviour of the tree and the shrubs because stomatal closure occurred at higher relative water content in the former. The coexistence of both functional strategies ensures an efﬁcient use of water and nutritional resources</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acácio, Vanda</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Holmgren, Milena</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pathways for resilience in Mediterranean cork oak land use systems</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Annals of Forest Science</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">alternative stable state</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cistus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mediterranean-type ecosystem</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus suber</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">resilience</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Restoration</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.springerlink.com/index/10.1007/s13595-012-0197-0</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&amp; Context Loss of woodlands and degradation of vegetation and soil have been described for all Mediterranean-type ecosystems worldwide. In the Western Iberian Peninsula, overexploitation of evergreen cork oak land use systems has led to soil erosion, failures in oak recruitment, and loss of forests. Degraded and dry sites are quickly colonised by pioneer heathland rockrose (Cistus spp.) shrubs forming highly persistent patches. &amp; Aims Although traditionally shrublands have been considered as a transient successional state, we present evidence that they can represent persistent alternative states to former cork oak forests. &amp; Review trends and conclusions We first describe how Mediterranean vegetation evolved in the Iberian Peninsula and the role of fire and long-term human management as main disturbances. We then discuss alternative pathways through state-and-transition models indicating the ecological and land use variables that halt cork oak regeneration and recruitment and drive vegetation transitions towards persistent shrublands. Unless concerted management actions and restoration programmes are undertaken, the cork oak land use systems will not be sustainable.</style></abstract></record></records></xml>