<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Azcárate, Francisco M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peco, Begoña</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abandonment of grazing in a mediterranean grassland area: consequences for ant assemblages</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Insect Conservation and Diversity</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ant functional groups</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Granivory</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">grazing abandonment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mediterranean grasslands</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/j.1752-4598.2011.00165.x</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">279 - 288</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1. Abandonment of traditional activities in the rural areas is widespread in the developed world, and in the case of grazing, it is known to have negative consequences on the diversity of plant communities. Few studies have examined the impact of grazing abandonment on fauna, which in the case of ants is of considerable interest, given their usefulness as an indicator for monitoring environmental change. 2. Here, we present the results of a study conducted in Mediterranean grasslands of central Spain. Using pitfall traps, ants were sampled from 10 40 m· 20 m plots; ﬁve of them located in grazed systems and ﬁve in abandoned grazing systems. Descriptors used for the ant assemblage were ant species composition, ant species richness, ant functional groups, and subguilds of granivores. We used a seed bait test to discriminate between granivorous and non-granivorous ant species. 3. Our results show that abandoned grazing systems have more ant species and more heterogeneous ant assemblages. Changes in ant species composition and ant functional groups are more pronounced in habitats where woody encroachment progresses more rapidly (i.e. dry sectors and tree islands). Specialised granivores have reduced importance in the same habitat types. Conversely, facultative granivores increase their presence in abandoned grazing systems. 4. The increased functional and species ant diversity observed with grazing abandonment can be explained by the generation of a more heterogeneous environment at the smaller scales, in spite of being more homogenous at the larger scales, because the latter are less signiﬁcant for the organisms studied</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acosta, F. J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">López, F.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Serrano, J. M.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The dynamics of a therophytic community in relation to self-regulation, herbivores and environmental variation</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vegetatio</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Environmental influence</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Granivory</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grasses</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markovian models</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vegetation dynamics</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1992</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1992///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.springerlink.com/index/10.1007/BF00031637</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">98</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">59 - 71</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The dynamics of a therophytic plant community in Central Spain has been studied, taking into account endogenous and exogenous factors. Using a simplified descriptive resolution a multi-species grass community and four canopy density types have been described in permanent quadrats. Transition matrices expressing the changes of vegetation state have been constructed. The importance of self- regulation was shown by the dependence of successive transitions on each other (highly significative log-linear models). The functioning cannot however be explained through a strict Markovian model because the transition probabilities are not stationary. The external local factors tested (microtopography, compactness and granivory) do not have a consistent effect on the vegetation dynamics, being variable over years, implying the importance of other more general factors on vegetation dynamics. Making transition probabilities dependent on external environmental factors rep</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue></record></records></xml>