<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Correia, Barbara</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valledor, Luis</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meijón, Mónica</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rodriguez, José Luis</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dias, Maria Celeste</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Santos, Conceição</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cañal, Maria Jesus</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rodriguez, Roberto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pinto, Glória</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Is the Interplay between Epigenetic Markers Related to the Acclimation of Cork Oak Plants to High Temperatures?</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PLoS ONE</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acclimatization</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acclimatization: genetics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acetylation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Blotting</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CHROMATIN</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CORK oak (citation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Deoxycytidine</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Deoxycytidine: analogs &amp; derivatives</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Deoxycytidine: metabolism</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DNA</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DNA methylation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Electrolytes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Electrolytes: metabolism</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Epigenesis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gene expression</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genetic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genetic Markers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genome</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heat-Shock Response</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heat-Shock Response: genetics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Histones</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Histones: metabolism</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physiological</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physiological: genetics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant Leaves</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant Leaves: metabolism</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant: genetics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">POST-translational modification</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus: genetics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus: physiology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stress</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tags)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Temperature</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TREES -- Research</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Western</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=3543447&amp;tool=pmcentrez&amp;rendertype=abstracthttp://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0053543</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trees necessarily experience changes in temperature, requiring efficient short-term strategies that become crucial in environmental change adaptability. DNA methylation and histone posttranslational modifications have been shown to play a key role in both epigenetic control and plant functional status under stress by controlling the functional state of chromatin and gene expression. Cork oak (Quercus suber L.) is a key stone of the Mediterranean region, growing at temperatures of 45°C. This species was subjected to a cumulative temperature increase from 25°C to 55°C under laboratory conditions in order to test the hypothesis that epigenetic code is related to heat stress tolerance. Electrolyte leakage increased after 35°C, but all plants survived to 55°C. DNA methylation and acetylated histone H3 (AcH3) levels were monitored by HPCE (high performance capillary electrophoresis), MS-RAPD (methylation-sensitive random-amplified polymorphic DNA) and Protein Gel Blot analysis and the spatial distribution of the modifications was assessed using a confocal microscope. DNA methylation analysed by HPCE revealed an increase at 55°C, while MS-RAPD results pointed to dynamic methylation-demethylation patterns over stress. Protein Gel Blot showed the abundance index of AcH3 decreasing from 25°C to 45°C. The immunohistochemical detection of 5-mC (5-methyl-2′-deoxycytidine) and AcH3 came upon the previous results. These results indicate that epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation and histone H3 acetylation have opposite and particular dynamics that can be crucial for the stepwise establishment of this species into such high stress (55°C), allowing its acclimation and survival. This is the first report that assesses epigenetic regulation in order to investigate heat tolerance in forest trees.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;publisher: Public Library of Science&lt;br/&gt;accession-num: 23326451</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Almeida, Tânia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pinto, Glória</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Correia, Barbara</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Santos, Conceição</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gonçalves, Sónia</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">QsMYB1 expression is modulated in response to heat and drought stresses and during plant recovery in Quercus suber</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant Physiology and Biochemistry</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abiotic stress</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adaptation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cork oak</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Droughts</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gene expression</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gene Expression Regulation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hot Temperature</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physiological</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant Bark</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant Proteins</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant Proteins: genetics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant Proteins: metabolism</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus: genetics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus: metabolism</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">R2R3-MYB</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Recovery</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">RNA Splicing</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stress</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Transcription Factors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Transcription Factors: genetics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Transcription Factors: metabolism</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">water</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24161757http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0981942813003537</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">73</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">274 - 281</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abstract Cork oak is an economically important forest species showing a great tolerance to high temperatures and shortage of water. However, the mechanisms underlying this plasticity are still poorly understood. Among the stress regulators, transcription factors (TFs) are especially important since they can control a wide range of stress-inducible genes, which make them powerful targets for genetic engineering of stress tolerance. Here we evaluated the influence of increasing temperatures (up to 55 °C) or drought (18% field capacity, FC) on the expression profile of an R2R3-MYB transcription factor of cork oak, the QsMYB1. QsMYB1 was previously identified as being preferentially expressed in cork tissues and as having an associated alternative splicing mechanism, which results in two different transcripts (QsMYB1.1 and QsMYB1.2). Expression analysis by reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) revealed that increasing temperatures led to a gradual down-regulation of QsMYB1 transcripts with more effect on QsMYB1.1 abundance. On the other hand, under drought condition, expression of QsMYB1 variants, mainly the QsMYB1.2, was transiently up-regulated shortly after the stress imposition. Recovery from each stress has also resulted in a differential response by both QsMYB1 transcripts. Several physiological and biochemical parameters (plant water status, chlorophyll fluorescence, lipid peroxidation and proline content) were determined in order to monitor the plant performance under stress and recovery. In conclusion, this report provides the first evidence that QsMYB1 TF may have a putative function in the regulatory network of cork oak response to heat and drought stresses and during plant recovery.</style></abstract><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">From Duplicate 1 (QsMYB1 expression is modulated in response to heat and drought stresses and during plant recovery in Quercus suber - Almeida, Tânia; Pinto, Glória; Correia, Barbara; Santos, Conceição; Gonçalves, Sónia)From Duplicate 1 (QsMYB1 expression is modulated in response to heat and drought stresses and during plant recovery in Quercus suber - Almeida, Tânia; Pinto, Glória; Correia, Barbara; Santos, Conceição; Gonçalves, Sónia)The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;publisher: Elsevier Masson SAS&lt;br/&gt;accession-num: 24161757</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Almeida, Tânia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Menéndez, Esther</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Capote, Tiago</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ribeiro, Teresa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Santos, Conceição</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gonçalves, Sónia</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molecular characterization of Quercus suber MYB1, a transcription factor up-regulated in cork tissues</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Plant Physiology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alternative Splicing</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amino Acid Sequence</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cork biosynthesis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cork oak</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gene Expression Regulation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lipids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lipids: biosynthesis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molecular Sequence Data</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">phellogen</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant Bark</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant Bark: genetics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant Bark: metabolism</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant Growth Regulators</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant Growth Regulators: biosynthesis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant Proteins</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant Proteins: chemistry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant Proteins: metabolism</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus: genetics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus: metabolism</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">R2R3-MYB</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">RNA</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Transcription Factors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Transcription Factors: chemistry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Transcription Factors: metabolism</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Up-Regulation</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23218545http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0176161712004828</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">170</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1 - 7</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The molecular processes associated with cork development in Quercus suber L. are poorly understood. A previous molecular approach identiﬁed a list of genes potentially important for cork formation and differentiation, providing a new basis for further molecular studies. This report is the ﬁrst molecular characterization of one of these candidate genes, QsMYB1, coding for an R2R3-MYB transcription factor. The R2R3-MYB gene sub-family has been described as being involved in the phenylpropanoid and lignin pathways, both involved in cork biosynthesis. The results showed that the expression of QsMYB1 is putatively mediated by an alternative splicing (AS) mechanism that originates two different transcripts (QsMYB1.1 and QsMYB1.2), differing only in the 5 -untranslated region, due to retention of the ﬁrst intron in one of the variants. Moreover, within the retained intron, a simple sequence repeat (SSR) was identiﬁed. The upstream regulatory region of QsMYB1 was extended by a genome walking approach, which allowed the identiﬁcation of the putative gene promoter region. The relative expression pattern of QsMYB1 transcripts determined by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RTqPCR) revealed that both transcripts were up-regulated in cork tissues; the detected expression was several times higher in newly formed cork harvested from trees producing virgin, second or reproduction cork when compared with wood. Moreover, the expression analysis of QsMYB1 in several Q. suber organs showed very low expression in young branches and roots, whereas in leaves, immature acorns or male ﬂowers, no expression was detected. These preliminary results suggest that QsMYB1 may be related to secondary growth and, in particular, with the cork biosynthesis process with a possible alternative splicing mechanism associated with its regulatory function.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;accession-num: 23218545</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alvarez, Rubén</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alvarez, José M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humara, Jaime M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Revilla, Angeles</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ordás, Ricardo J.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genetic transformation of cork oak (Quercus suber L.) for herbicide resistance.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biotechnology letters</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acetyltransferases</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acetyltransferases: genetics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acetyltransferases: metabolism</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gene Dosage</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genomic Instability</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Herbicide Resistance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Herbicides</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Herbicides: toxicity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant Proteins</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant Proteins: genetics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant Proteins: metabolism</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plants, Genetically Modified</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plants, Genetically Modified: drug effects</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plants, Genetically Modified: genetics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plants, Genetically Modified: physiology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plasmids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Promoter Regions, Genetic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus: drug effects</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus: genetics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus: physiology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rhizobium</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rhizobium: genetics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Transformation, Genetic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zea mays</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zea mays: genetics</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19543858</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">31</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1477 - 83</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The bar gene was introduced into the cork oak genome. Cork oak embryogenic masses were transformed using the Agrobacterium strain AGL1 which carried the plasmid pBINUbiBar. This vector harbours the genes, nptII and bar, the latter under control of the maize ubiquitin promoter. The transgenic embryogenic lines were cryopreserved. Varying activities of phosphinothricin acetyl transferase were detected among the lines, which carried 1-4 copies of the insert. Molecular and biochemical assays confirmed the stability and expression of the transgenes 3 months after thawing the cultures. These results demonstrate genetic engineering of herbicide tolerance in Quercus spp.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;accession-num: 19543858</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lorenzo, Zaida</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Burgarella, Concetta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">de Heredia, Unai López</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lumaret, Roselyne</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Petit, Rémy J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soto, Álvaro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gil, Luis</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soto, Álvaro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gil, Luis</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Relevance of genetics for conservation policies: the case of Minorcan cork oaks</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Annals of Botany</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Balearic Islands</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cluster analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">conservation guidelines</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Conservation of Natural Resources</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genetic Variation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geography</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">marginal populations</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Minorca</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nuclear microsatellites</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Population Dynamics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Q. ilex (holm oak)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus suber (cork oak)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus: genetics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soil</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spain</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">western Mediterranean</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=2766195&amp;tool=pmcentrez&amp;rendertype=abstracthttp://aob.oxfordjournals.org/content/104/6/1069.abstract</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">104</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1069 - 1076</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Background and Aims Marginal populations of widely distributed species can be of high conservation interest when they hold a significant or unique portion of the genetic diversity of the species. However, such genetic information is frequently lacking. Here the relevance of genetic surveys to develop efficient conservation strategies for such populations is illustrated using cork oak (Quercus suber) from Minorca (Balearic Islands, Spain) as a case study. Cork oak is highly endangered on the island, where no more than 67 individuals live in small, isolated stands in siliceous sites. As a consequence, it was recently granted protected status.Methods Two Bayesian clustering approaches were used to analyse the genetic structure of the Minorcan population, on the basis of nuclear microsatellite data. The different groups within the island were also compared with additional island and continental populations surrounding Minorca.Key Results Very high genetic diversity was found, with values comparable with those observed in continental parts of the species' range. Furthermore, the Minorcan oak stands were highly differentiated from one another and were genetically related to different continental populations of France and Spain.Conclusions The high levels of genetic diversity and inter-stands differentiation make Minorcan cork oak eligible for specific conservation efforts. The relationship of Minorcan stands to different continental populations in France and Spain probably reflects multiple colonization events. However, discrepancy between chloroplast DNA- and nuclear DNA-based groups does not support a simple scenario of recent introduction. Gene exchanges between neighbouring cork oak stands and with holm oak have created specific and exceptional genetic combinations. They also constitute a wide range of potential genetic resources for research on adaptation to new environmental conditions. Conservation guidelines that take into account these findings are provided.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">From Duplicate 2 (Relevance of genetics for conservation policies: the case of Minorcan cork oaks - Lorenzo, Zaida; Burgarella, Concetta; de Heredia, Unai López; Lumaret, Roselyne; Petit, Rémy J; Soto, Álvaro; Gil, Luis)From Duplicate 2 (Relevance of genetics for conservation policies: the case of Minorcan cork oaks - Lorenzo, Zaida; Burgarella, Concetta; de Heredia, Unai López; Lumaret, Roselyne; Petit, Rémy J; Soto, Álvaro; Gil, Luis)The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;accession-num: 19671575</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Belahbib, N.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pemonge, M.-H. H.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ouassou, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sbay, H.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kremer, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Petit, R. J.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Frequent cytoplasmic exchanges between oak species that are not closely related: Quercus suber and Q. ilex in Morocco</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molecular Ecology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chloroplast</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chloroplast: genetics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cpDNA</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DNA</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evolution</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genetic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genetic Markers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genetic Variation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genetic: genetics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">geographical structure</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Haplotypes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hybridization</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">introgression</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mitochondrial</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mitochondrial: genetics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Models</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molecular</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morocco</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mtDNA</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PCR–RFLP</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus: genetics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trees</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trees: genetics</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2001</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2001///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11555243http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.0962-1083.2001.01330.x</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2003 - 2012</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chloroplast (cp) and mitochondrial (mt) DNA variation were studied in 97 populations of cork oak (Quercus suber) in Morocco; in 31 of these populations, holm oak (Quercus ilex), a clearly distinct species, also occurred and was compared with Q. suber. Three cpDNA and one mtDNA primer pairs were used in the survey, each in combination with one restriction enzyme. Six haplotypes belonging to two very divergent lineages were detected; one lineage predominates in each species, and is probably ancestral, as inferred from comparisons with other oak species. In the mixed-species populations, cytoplasmic genomes were frequently shared across species, as indicated by an introgression ratio of 0.63. This index is a new measure of the propensity of species to share locally genetic markers, varying from zero (complete differentiation) to one (no differentiation). By contrast, more closely related deciduous oak species (Q. robur, Q. petraea and Q. pubescens) have introgression ratios varying from 0.82 to 0.97. The introgression events appear to have been more frequent in the direction Q. ilex (female) × Q. suber (male), a finding which seems attributable to the flowering phenology of these two species. This asymmetry may have favoured immigration of Q. suber beyond its main range, in regions already colonized by Q. ilex. There, rare hybridization and further introgression through long distance pollen flow have established populations that are morphologically indistinguishable from Q. suber but that have cytoplasmic genomes originating from the local Q. ilex populations.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;publisher: Blackwell Science Ltd&lt;br/&gt;accession-num: 11555243</style></notes></record></records></xml>