<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andivia, Enrique</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">VÁZQUEZ-PIQUÉ, JAVIER</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">FERNÁNDEZ, MANUEL</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alejano, Reyes</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Litter production in Holm oak trees subjected to different pruning intensities in Mediterranean dehesas</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agroforestry systems</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">á agroforestry systems</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">á litterfall á</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">agroforestry systems</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">climate change</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">climate change á management</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">litterfall</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">management</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pruning</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus ilex</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">quercus ilex á pruning</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10457-012-9586-5</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">87</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">657 - 666</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Litterfall is a key process in forests which is sensitive to climatic conditions like precipitation and temperature, and management practices. Therefore, knowledge about litterfall patterns and its associated variables is important for the conservation of Mediterranean ecosystems under conditions of climate change. We aimed to quantify the temporal pattern of litterfall and to investigate the inﬂuence of abiotic variables and pruning on litter production. Litterfall was collected at monthly intervals for 2 years in trees subjected to different pruning intensities in two locations. The effect of pruning, abiotic variables and tree size on litter production was analyzed using a mathematical model. Leaf fall was strongly seasonal with a peak occurring in the wettest month of the year in this area. The variability in leaf fall was mainly related to rainfall and soil water in 2 years and locations. Pruning reduced the amount of litter production during the ﬁrst year following this practice, and might have negative effect on soil fertility and crop productivity in dehesas ecosystems.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Limousin, Jean-Marc</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rambal, Serge</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">OURCIVAL, JEAN-MARC</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rodriguez-Calcerrada, Jesus</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pérez-Ramos, Ignacio M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rodríguez-Cortina, Raquel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Misson, Laurent</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Joffre, Richard</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morphological and phenological shoot plasticity in a Mediterranean evergreen oak facing long-term increased drought.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oecologia</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">allometry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dehydration</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Droughts</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">France</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">leaf area</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">leaf demography</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">litterfall</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant Leaves</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant Leaves: growth &amp; development</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant Leaves: physiology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant Shoots</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant Shoots: growth &amp; development</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus: physiology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">shoot growth</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trees</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">169</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">565-577</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mediterranean trees must adjust their canopy leaf area to the unpredictable timing and severity of summer drought. The impact of increased drought on the canopy dynamics of the evergreen Quercus ilex was studied by measuring shoot growth, leaf production, litterfall, leafing phenology and leaf demography in a mature forest stand submitted to partial throughfall exclusion for 7 years. The leaf area index rapidly declined in the throughfall-exclusion plot and was 19% lower than in the control plot after 7 years of treatment. Consequently, leaf litterfall was significantly lower in the dry treatment. Such a decline in leaf area occurred through a change in branch allometry with a decreased number of ramifications produced and a reduction of the leaf area supported per unit sapwood area of the shoot (LA/SA). The leafing phenology was slightly delayed and the median leaf life span was slightly longer in the dry treatment. The canopy dynamics in both treatments were driven by water availability with a 1-year lag: leaf shedding and production were reduced following dry years; in contrast, leaf turnover was increased following wet years. The drought-induced decrease in leaf area, resulting from both plasticity in shoot development and slower leaf turnover, appeared to be a hydraulic adjustment to limit canopy transpiration and maintain leaf-specific hydraulic conductivity under drier conditions.</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">22159896</style></accession-num></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Limousin, Jean-Marc</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rambal, Serge</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">OURCIVAL, JEAN-MARC</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rodriguez-Calcerrada, Jesus</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pérez-Ramos, Ignacio M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rodríguez-Cortina, Raquel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Misson, Laurent</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Joffre, Richard</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morphological and phenological shoot plasticity in a Mediterranean evergreen oak facing long-term increased drought.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oecologia</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">allometry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dehydration</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Droughts</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">France</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">leaf area</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">leaf demography</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">litterfall</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant Leaves</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant Leaves: growth &amp; development</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant Leaves: physiology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant Shoots</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant Shoots: growth &amp; development</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus: physiology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">shoot growth</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trees</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22159896</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">169</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">565 - 577</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mediterranean trees must adjust their canopy leaf area to the unpredictable timing and severity of summer drought. The impact of increased drought on the canopy dynamics of the evergreen Quercus ilex was studied by measuring shoot growth, leaf production, litterfall, leafing phenology and leaf demography in a mature forest stand submitted to partial throughfall exclusion for 7 years. The leaf area index rapidly declined in the throughfall-exclusion plot and was 19% lower than in the control plot after 7 years of treatment. Consequently, leaf litterfall was significantly lower in the dry treatment. Such a decline in leaf area occurred through a change in branch allometry with a decreased number of ramifications produced and a reduction of the leaf area supported per unit sapwood area of the shoot (LA/SA). The leafing phenology was slightly delayed and the median leaf life span was slightly longer in the dry treatment. The canopy dynamics in both treatments were driven by water availability with a 1-year lag: leaf shedding and production were reduced following dry years; in contrast, leaf turnover was increased following wet years. The drought-induced decrease in leaf area, resulting from both plasticity in shoot development and slower leaf turnover, appeared to be a hydraulic adjustment to limit canopy transpiration and maintain leaf-specific hydraulic conductivity under drier conditions.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;accession-num: 22159896</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andivia, Enrique</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">FERNÁNDEZ, MANUEL</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">VÁZQUEZ-PIQUÉ, JAVIER</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">González-Pérez, Aranzazu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TAPIAS, RAÚL</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nutrients return from leaves and litterfall in a mediterranean cork oak (Quercus suber L.) forest in southwestern Spain</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">European Journal of Forest Research</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">litterfall</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nutrients cycling</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nutrients return</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus suber</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.springerlink.com/index/10.1007/s10342-009-0308-0</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">129</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5 - 12</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The knowledge of the cycle of nutrients is fundamental for the correct comprehension of the tree–soil relationship and for an adequate forest management. In order to analyse the nutrients return from leaves and litterfall in a Mediterranean cork oak forest in southwestern Spain, 12 trees were randomly selected and litterfall collected for 2 years. Samples were taken monthly and separated in different fractions (leaves, twigs, catkins, acorns and mis- cellaneous), then leaves nutrients were analyzed. Simulta- neously, we analyzed the nutrient content of living leaves from the same trees in each season during 1 year. The ana- lyzed nutrients were C, N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, S, Cu, Zn and Mo. Annual patterns of each nutrient in fallen leaves were characterized and compared with seasonal values of these nutrients in living leaves. Leaves fall has two annual maximum, first and most important in spring around April coinciding with renewal of foliar cover and second around October. Main concentration patterns of N, P and K are related with phenological patterns, in consequence mini- mumconcentration in leaves fall were obtained in periods of growing and maximum litterfall. Concentrations of Ca, Fe and Mn increase with the age of the leaves and maximum concentrations were obtained before periods of maximum litterfall while concentrations of Cu, Mo and Mg stay stable. Communicated by A. Merino. A. Gonza This article belongs to the special issue ‘‘Plant–soil relationships in Southern European forests’’. E. Andivia (&amp;)  M. Ferna ´lez-Pe Department of Forest Sciences, University of Huelva, Ctra. Palos–La Ra ´rez  R. Tapias Huelva, Spain e-mail: enrique.andivia@dcaf.uhu.es ´ndez  J. Va ´zquez-Pique ´  ´bida, s/n. 21819 Palos de la Frontera, Seasonal analysis of nutrients in living leaves collected from the same trees in four different periods of the year allowed to corroborate the patterns of leaves fall and the probable osmotic function of K.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Caritat, Antònia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">García-Berthou, Emili</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lapeña, Roger</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vilar, Lluís</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Litter production in a Quercus suber forest of Montseny (NE Spain) and its relationship to meteorological conditions</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ann. For. Sci.</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">coark oak</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">iberian peninsula</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">litterfall</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mediterranean climate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Weather</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2006</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2006///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/forest:2006061</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">63</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">791 - 800</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">From 1996 to 2002 the monthly litterfall in a Quercus suber forest ecosystem of Montseny (NE Spain) was recorded and its relationship to meteorological variables was statistically analysed. The average annual production (477 g m-2 yr-1) was similar to those found in other Mediterranean evergreen forests with relatively high rainfall. The main components were the leaves (55% of the total biomass), followed by acorns (22%) and twigs (16%). Litter production was highest during May and June, when the majority of the old leaves fell. When the meteorological conditions were favourable, a second leaf fall collection was observed. Acorn production in 2001 was about nine times that of the previous years, indicating a mast year. In general, the different litterfall components were highly correlated in time except for the acorns. Interannual covariation was significant for leaves/twigs and leaves/catkins. Catkins were the most variable component with also strong seasonality, acorns were also very variable with low seasonality, while leaves were less variable and with the strongest seasonality. After accounting for seasonal covariation, there were significant effects of rainfall on twig litterfall and of temperature on leaf litterfall, the years with highest leaf litterfall being the hottest.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Caritat, Antònia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">García-Berthou, Emili</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lapeña, Roger</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vilar, Lluís</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Litter production in a Quercus suber forest of Montseny (NE Spain) and its relationship to meteorological conditions</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ann. For. Sci.</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">coark oak</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">iberian peninsula</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">litterfall</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mediterranean climate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Weather</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2006</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">63</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">791-800</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">From 1996 to 2002 the monthly litterfall in a Quercus suber forest ecosystem of Montseny (NE Spain) was recorded and its relationship to meteorological variables was statistically analysed. The average annual production (477 g m-2 yr-1) was similar to those found in other Mediterranean evergreen forests with relatively high rainfall. The main components were the leaves (55% of the total biomass), followed by acorns (22%) and twigs (16%). Litter production was highest during May and June, when the majority of the old leaves fell. When the meteorological conditions were favourable, a second leaf fall collection was observed. Acorn production in 2001 was about nine times that of the previous years, indicating a mast year. In general, the different litterfall components were highly correlated in time except for the acorns. Interannual covariation was significant for leaves/twigs and leaves/catkins. Catkins were the most variable component with also strong seasonality, acorns were also very variable with low seasonality, while leaves were less variable and with the strongest seasonality. After accounting for seasonal covariation, there were significant effects of rainfall on twig litterfall and of temperature on leaf litterfall, the years with highest leaf litterfall being the hottest.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rapp, Maurice</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Santa Regina, Ignacio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rico, Mercedes</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gallego, Humberto Antonio</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biomass, nutrient content, litterfall and nutrient return to the soil in Mediterranean oak forests</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Forest Ecology and Management</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">forest biomass</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">forest ecosystems</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">litterfall</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Q. ilex</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Q. lanuginosa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Q. pyrenaica</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1999</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">119</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">39-49</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">We estimated above-ground biomass, nutrient content, litterfall and nutrient return to the soil in deciduous and evergreen Quercus pyrenaica Will., Quercus lanuginosa Lamk and evergreen Quercus ilex L. oak forests, respectively, near Salamanca (Spain) and Montpellier (France). The calculated biomass ranged from 64 to 121 Mg ha ÿ1 . Perennial material (trunks and branches) represented 96±97% in the four Spanish Q. pyrenaica stands and 93% in the French Q. lanuginosa and Q. ilex stands. Q. pyrenaica had higher P, Mg, Fe and Mn contents than the other two species from southern France. In contrast, these latter species had higher N and Ca concentrations. All of these differences were related to soil nutrient availability, especially Ca, Mg, P, Fe and Mn. Comparison of the chemical composition of leaves on trees with that of leaf litter indicated retention and translocation of N, P and K from leaves to perennial biomass and recycling of Ca and Mg from trees to the soil</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rapp, Maurice</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Santa Regina, Ignacio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rico, Mercedes</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gallego, Humberto Antonio</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biomass, nutrient content, litterfall and nutrient return to the soil in Mediterranean oak forests</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Forest Ecology and Management</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">forest biomass</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">forest ecosystems</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">litterfall</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Q. ilex</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Q. lanuginosa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Q. pyrenaica</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1999</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1999///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0378112798005088</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">119</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">39 - 49</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">We estimated above-ground biomass, nutrient content, litterfall and nutrient return to the soil in deciduous and evergreen Quercus pyrenaica Will., Quercus lanuginosa Lamk and evergreen Quercus ilex L. oak forests, respectively, near Salamanca (Spain) and Montpellier (France). The calculated biomass ranged from 64 to 121 Mg ha ÿ1 . Perennial material (trunks and branches) represented 96±97% in the four Spanish Q. pyrenaica stands and 93% in the French Q. lanuginosa and Q. ilex stands. Q. pyrenaica had higher P, Mg, Fe and Mn contents than the other two species from southern France. In contrast, these latter species had higher N and Ca concentrations. All of these differences were related to soil nutrient availability, especially Ca, Mg, P, Fe and Mn. Comparison of the chemical composition of leaves on trees with that of leaf litter indicated retention and translocation of N, P and K from leaves to perennial biomass and recycling of Ca and Mg from trees to the soil</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1-3</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>3</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TORRES, E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CUEVAS, S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">VÁZQUEZ, F Ma</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SUÁREZ, Ma A</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">El ciclo de biomasa en bosques de frondosas del sur de extremadura. variabilidad espacial del desfronde</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">II Congreso Forestal Español</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Castanea sativa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Extremadura</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">litterfall</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus pyrenaica</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus rotundifolia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus suber</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1997</style></year></dates><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">641-646</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The knowledge of the biomass and nutrients cycle is very important for a suitable forest management. In this paper, four broadleaved species litterfall, during november 1996, is studied in Extremadura (Spain): Castanea sativa Miller, Quercus pyrenaica Willd, Q. rotundifolia Lam and Q. suber L. Litterfall is compared in sorne forests with different maturity. Also, orientation, position and individual tree factors influence is analysed</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Caritat, A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bertoni, G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molinas, M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oliva, M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Domínguez-Planella, A</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Litterfall and mineral return in two cork-oak forests in northeast spain</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ann. For. Sci.</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cork-oak</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">litterfall</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mediterranean forest ecosystems</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">nutrient cycling</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus suber</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1996</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">53</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1049-1058</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seasonal trends in littertall and potential mineral return were studied in two cork-oak forest sites in the northeastern Iberian peninsula. The estimated average litter production was 3.9 Mg.ha-1.year -1 for one site and 4.6 Mg.ha-1.year-1 for the other; these figures are similar to those reported for holm-oak (Quercus ilex) forests in the same area. Seasonal litterfall patterns were typical of Mediterranean forest ecosystems. Leaves accounted for 46 to 78% of the total dry matter. Their annual weighted-average mineral composition was low in macronutrients (N 8-9; K 4-5; Mg 0.8-1.3; Ca 9-10 and P 0.4-1 mg.g-1) and relatively high in micronutrients such as Mn (2-2.2 mg.g-1) or Fe (0.3-0.4 mg.g-1). Minimum N and P concentrations were found during the growth period. Estimates of potential mineral return for an annual cycle were N 38-52, P 2.1-5.2, K 20-28, Ca 44-53 and Mg 5.4-5.0 kg.ha -1, depending on the site biomass and fertility.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Caritat, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bertoni, G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molinas, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oliva, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Domínguez-Planella, A.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Litterfall and mineral return in two cork-oak forests in northeast spain</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ann. For. Sci.</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cork-oak</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">litterfall</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mediterranean forest ecosystems</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">nutrient cycling</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus suber</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1996</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1996///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/forest:19960601</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">53</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1049 - 1058</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seasonal trends in littertall and potential mineral return were studied in two cork-oak forest sites in the northeastern Iberian peninsula. The estimated average litter production was 3.9 Mg.ha-1.year -1 for one site and 4.6 Mg.ha-1.year-1 for the other; these figures are similar to those reported for holm-oak (Quercus ilex) forests in the same area. Seasonal litterfall patterns were typical of Mediterranean forest ecosystems. Leaves accounted for 46 to 78% of the total dry matter. Their annual weighted-average mineral composition was low in macronutrients (N 8-9; K 4-5; Mg 0.8-1.3; Ca 9-10 and P 0.4-1 mg.g-1) and relatively high in micronutrients such as Mn (2-2.2 mg.g-1) or Fe (0.3-0.4 mg.g-1). Minimum N and P concentrations were found during the growth period. Estimates of potential mineral return for an annual cycle were N 38-52, P 2.1-5.2, K 20-28, Ca 44-53 and Mg 5.4-5.0 kg.ha -1, depending on the site biomass and fertility.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Joffre, R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rambal, S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Romane, F</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Local variations of ecosystem functions in Mediterranean evergreen oak woodland</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ann. For. Sci.</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">decomposition</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">geostatistics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">leaf area index</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">litterfall</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">local variation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus ilex</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1996</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">53</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">561-570</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The spatial variation of ecosystem function was studied in a Quercus ilex coppice growing on hard limestone with low soil water availability. Spatial structures obtained from data on i) leaf area index, ii) leaf litterfall, and iii) leaf litter decay rate were compared. All these variables were sampled on 26 points located within a 30 x 30 m plot. Mean average leaf litterfall over 10 years (1984-1993) was 254 g.m-2. For each year, the semivariograms of leaf litterfall have been fitted using a spherical model. The values of the range parameter (indicating the limit of the spatial dependence) ranged from 6.4 to 10.3 m, very close to the value (9.2 m) of the range parameter obtained when fitting the semivariogram of mean leaf litterfall over 10 years. This result indicates the temporal persistence of the spatial pattern of leaf litterfall. The leaf area index (LAI) was estimated at the same points with a plant canopy analyzer. The mean value was 2.96 ± 0.30. The limit of spatial dependence for LAI was very close to that obtained for leaf litterfall (range = 8.5 m). The litter decomposition pattern was obtained through analysis of litter samples taken at the same points. The percentage of ash-free litter mass remaining (LMR) estimated using near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy indicates the stage of decomposition. It decreased strongly between the surface (mean value 85.6%) and the subsurface layers (mean value 63.4%). The two semivariograms can be described by spherical models, the sill being reached at a range of 21.4 and 18.7 m for the surface and subsurface layers, respectively. The two variables directly related to the structure of the canopy (LAI and leaf litterfall) exhibited close spatial dependence and differed from the soil process-related variables (stage of decomposition) whose ranges were approximately double. These geostatistical analyses show promise for use in developing hypotheses concerning the spatial scale of process-pattern interactions.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Robert, B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Caritat, A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bertoni, G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vilar, L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molinas, M</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nutrient content and seasonal fluctuations in the leaf component of coark-oak (Quercus suber L.) litterfall</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant Ecology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">litterfall</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">nutrient return</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">nutrients in leaves</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus Suber L</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">retranslocation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">seasonal trends</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1996</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">122</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">29-35</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nutrient content and seasonality of the leaf component in cork-oak litterfal were studied over a two year period in two cork-oak forest sites differing in biomass and edaphic condition in the north-eastern Iberian peninsula. Fallen senescent leaves compared to young leaves showed higher non-mobile nutrient concentrations and lower mobile nutrient concentrations, specially P, N, K, and Mg. At both sites, seasonal fluctuations affected both leaf production and leaf mineral content. The maximum leaf fall period correspond to the start of the vegetative growth and to the lowest N and P concentration in the falling leaves. The opposite was true for the winter, when litterfal was minimal and N and P content in falling leaves was at a maximum. The comparison between falling leaves and canopy leaves suggests that the analysis of fallen leaves can be a useful measure of N and P nutrition in cork-oak. We found site dependent differences in nutrient content and nutrient remobilization. In comparison with Q. ilex, although litter production was in the same range, nutrient retranslocation was greater for Q. suber.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Robert, B.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Caritat, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bertoni, G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vilar, L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molinas, M.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nutrient content and seasonal fluctuations in the leaf component of coark-oak (Quercus suber L.) litterfall</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant Ecology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">litterfall</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">nutrient return</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">nutrients in leaves</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus Suber L</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">retranslocation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">seasonal trends</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1996</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1996///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.springerlink.com/index/l2851v1n55330726.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">122</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">29 - 35</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nutrient content and seasonality of the leaf component in cork-oak litterfal were studied over a two year period in two cork-oak forest sites differing in biomass and edaphic condition in the north-eastern Iberian peninsula. Fallen senescent leaves compared to young leaves showed higher non-mobile nutrient concentrations and lower mobile nutrient concentrations, specially P, N, K, and Mg. At both sites, seasonal fluctuations affected both leaf production and leaf mineral content. The maximum leaf fall period correspond to the start of the vegetative growth and to the lowest N and P concentration in the falling leaves. The opposite was true for the winter, when litterfal was minimal and N and P content in falling leaves was at a maximum. The comparison between falling leaves and canopy leaves suggests that the analysis of fallen leaves can be a useful measure of N and P nutrition in cork-oak. We found site dependent differences in nutrient content and nutrient remobilization. In comparison with Q. ilex, although litter production was in the same range, nutrient retranslocation was greater for Q. suber.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bellot, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sánchez, J. R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lledó, M. J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Martínez, P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Escarré, A.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Litterfall as a measure of primary production in Mediterranean holm-oak forest</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant Ecology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">holm-oak</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">litterfall</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">litterfall nutrient contents</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mediterranean forest</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">primary production</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus ilex</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">temporal variability</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1992</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1992///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.springerlink.com/index/G0748K217R54824M.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">99-100</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">69 - 76</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In this paper we discuss the use of litterfall as a method to measure primary production and its between year relation to climatic fluctuation. Seven years of study in a mediterranean holm-oak forest showed a moderate inter-annual variability of litterfall (C.V. 11°;), while the annual variability of the actual or evapotranspiration was three times higher (C.V. 30/o). Furthermore, the inter- and intra-annual vari- ability of nutrient content in the various fractions are presented in relation to water availability. Monthly and seasonal variability was higher than the annual variability for all analyzed elements.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mayor, X</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rodà, F</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Is primary production in holm oak forests nutrient limited?</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant Ecology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">biomass increment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">litterfall</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">nutrient availability</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">nutrient cycling</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus ilex</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1992</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">99-100</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">209-217</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Correlations between primary production and patterns of nutrient use and nutrient availability were investigated in 18 plots in closed holm oak (Quercus ilex L.) stands in the Montseny mountains (NE Spain), searching for evidence of nutrient limitation on primary production. The plots spanned a range of altitudes and slope aspects within a catchment. Nutrients considered were nitrogen (N), phospho- rus (P), potassium (K) and magnesium (Mg) in plant samples, and the above plus calcium (Ca) and sodium (Na) in the soil. Primary production was found by summing the annual aboveground biomass increment to the annual litterfall. Across plots, primary production was correlated with the annual re- turn of nutrients in litterfall, but this relationship probably arose from the common effects of the amount of litterfall on both primary production and nutrient return, and not from any nutrient limitation. Pri- mary production was not significantly correlated with nutrient concentrations in mature leaves nor leaf litterfall, nor with absolute or relative foliar retranslocation of nutrients before leaf abscission, nor with the concentration and content (kg/ha) of total N, extractable P, and exchangeable K, Mg, Ca and Na in the upper mineral soil. We conclude that there is no correlational evidence that primary production is nutrient limited in this holm oak forest.</style></abstract></record></records></xml>