<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Barbosa, a Q.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">da Silva, L. F. M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Öchsner, a</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abenojar, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">del Real, J. C.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Influence of the Size and Amount of Cork Particles on the Impact Toughness of a Structural Adhesive</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Journal of Adhesion</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adhesive</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cork</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mechanical properties</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Surface treatment</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00218464.2012.660811http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00218464.2012.660811</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">88</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">452 - 470</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The inclusion of particles (nano or micro) is a method to improve the mechanical properties, such as toughness, of structural adhesives. Structural adhesives are known for their high strength and stiffness but also for their low ductility and toughness. There are many processes described in the literature to increase the toughness, one of the most common being the use of rubber particles. In the present study, natural micro particles of cork were used with the objective to increase the impact resistance of a brittle epoxy adhesive. The idea is for the cork particles to act like crack stoppers and absorb impact leading to higher absorption of energy. The influence of the cork particle size and amount were studied. Particles of cork ranging from 38 to 250 µm were mixed in the epoxy adhesive Araldite? 2020 from Huntsman. The amount of cork in the adhesive was varied between 1 and 5% by weight. Surface treatment (low pressure plasma) was applied to the cork powder to assess the effect of the interaction adhesive-cork with several degrees of adhesion. This evaluation was made using impact tests and it was evident that impact absorption was related to the size and amount of cork particles in the resin, considering a uniform particle distribution.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4-6</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">From Duplicate 2 (Influence of the Size and Amount of Cork Particles on the Impact Toughness of a Structural Adhesive - Barbosa, A Q; da Silva, L F M; Öchsner, A; Abenojar, J; del Real, J C)From Duplicate 2 (Influence of the Size and Amount of Cork Particles on the Impact Toughness of a Structural Adhesive - Barbosa, A Q; da Silva, L F M; Öchsner, A; Abenojar, J; del Real, J C)The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;publisher: Taylor &amp; Francis</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fernandes, Emanuel M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Correlo, Vitor M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">a. M. Chagas, José</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mano, João F.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reis, Rui L.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cork based composites using polyolefin’s as matrix: Morphology and mechanical performance</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Composites Science and Technology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cork and thermoplastic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coupling agents</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mechanical properties</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pultrusion</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">thermal properties</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0266353810003672</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">70</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2310 - 2318</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The cork industry produces high amounts of cork powders resulting from the ﬁnal stages of cork processing or resulting from existing cork products. Usually these powders are burned and served to boilers in industrial processes. The main goal of this work is to transform this cork sub-product into a highly value composite product. The real value is dependent on the mechanical performance of this product. Thus the mixture between cork and thermoplastics, particularly the improvement of interfacial bonding, is an important topic, which needs to be developed. The interfacial afﬁnity can be greatly increased, applying superﬁcial modiﬁcation of one of the components, or by the use of coupling agents. In this work, a high amount of cork powder (50 wt.%) from different origins combined with different thermoplastic materials using melt based processes has been examined. Pultrusion was used to produce pellets and compression moulding to obtain boards to determine its properties. Coupling agents based on maleic anhydride (2 wt.%) improved the tensile strength successfully, while the cork powder has an a important role in the stiffness. The morphology of the surface fractures indicated a good dispersion of the cork and a good adhesion between both phases. Thermal properties of the composites disclosed a nucleating effect promoted by cork</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;publisher: Elsevier Ltd</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ben Abdallah, Faiza</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ben Cheikh, Ridha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Baklouti, Mohamed</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Denchev, Zlatan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cunha, Antonio M.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effect of surface treatment in cork reinforced composites</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Polymer Research</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">composite</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cork</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">interface adhesion</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mechanical properties</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">silanization</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10965-009-9339-yhttp://www.springerlink.com/index/10.1007/s10965-009-9339-y</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">519 - 528</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">This work explores the possibility of using cork for reinforcing of polypropylene (PP). The cork granules were mixed with PP by extrusion and the mixture was then injected. The hydrophilic character of cork and the hydrophobic character of PP influence negatively the adhesion at the interface between the reinforcement and the matrix. In order to improve it, several chemical modifications of the cork reinforcements were used in this work: treatment with silane, with sodium hydroxide and with a compatibilizing agent MAPP. The interface modifications were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Goniometry analysis and infrared spectroscopy analysis (IR). The improvement of the mechanical properties was demonstrated by tensile tests. On their basis it was demonstrated that the best interfacial adhesion between cork and PP is achieved by the silane chemical modification (silanization).</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clair, B.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arinero, R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leveque, G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ramonda, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thibaut, B.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Imaging the mechanical properties of wood cell wall layers by atomic force modulation microscopy</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">IAWA JOURNAL</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">atomic force microscopy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cell wall</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">elastic modulus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mechanical properties</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wood</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2003</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2003///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">24</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">223 - 230</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Atomic Force Microscopy in force modulation mode was used to study the elastic properties of the different fibre wall layers of the tension wood of holm oak and normal wood of boco. The method is based on the measurement of the resonance frequency of the microscope lever in contact with the sample. This frequency is related to the reduced Young modulus E{*} = E/(1-nu(2)) of the material, supposed to be isotropic. `Elastic' images of the cell are obtained simultaneously with the topographic images, which allows the observation of the mechanical properties of the cells at a nanometric scale. Layers G, S-1, S-2 and ML can clearly be distinguished. By comparison with known materials an estimation of the absolute modulus is given in the range 5-20 GPa, but should be considered with caution, because the inherent anisotropy of the materials has not been taken into account.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;pub-location: RIJKSHERBARIUM, PO BOX 9514, 2300 LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS&lt;br/&gt;publisher: INT ASSOC WOOD ANATOMISTS</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Teixeira, M. J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fernandes, A. C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Saramago, B.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ROSA, M. E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BORDADO, J. C.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Influence of the wetting properties of polymeric adhesives on the mechanical behaviour of cork agglomerates</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">JOURNAL OF ADHESION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">adhesives</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cork agglometares</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mechanical properties</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WETTING</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1996</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1996///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1111 - 1127</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A series of adhesives, polyurethane prepolymers with alkane chains of different functionalities, were used in the production of cork agglomerates. The polymeric structure varied from long, linear chains in adhesive M1 (14% isocyanate groups) to short, branched chains in adhesive M4 (30% isocyanate groups). The wetting properties of the adhesives were studied through surface tension and contact angle measurements of the polymeric liquids deposited on cork substrates. The mechanical behaviour of the cork agglomerates was studied through compression and three-point bending tests, and the agglomerate structure was analysed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The relationship between the structural and wetting characteristics of the adhesives and the mechanical properties of the agglomerates was investigated. The experimental results indicate that it is the work of adhesion for the adhesive/cork system, and not only the contact angle, which determines the mechanical resistance of the cork agglomerate.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;pub-location: PLANTIJNSTRAAT 2, P O BOX 9000, 2300 PA LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS&lt;br/&gt;publisher: BRILL ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS</style></notes></record></records></xml>