<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Blasco, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Barra, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brisa, C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Corredoira, E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Segura, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Toribio, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arrillaga, I.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Somatic embryogenesis in holm oak male catkins</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant Growth Regulation</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">adult trees</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">developmental stage</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">flow cytometry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">forest biotechnology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">histology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">micropropagation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus ilex</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">secondary embryogenesis</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10725-013-9826-3</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">71</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">261 - 270</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Somatic embryogenesis (SE) of tree species is the most promising method for the implementation of multivarietal forestry and for biotechnological approaches. To date, however, the application of this technology to mature trees is restricted to a few species. This is the first report on the induction of SE from male catkins of 100-year-old holm oaks (Quercus ilex L.). Embryogenic competence was mainly dependent on genotype and restricted to the most advanced catkin developmental stage with distinguishable closed flowers along the axis. Fol- lowing a three-stage treatment procedure, embryogenic response (frequencies up 3.3 %) was obtained in three [Remedio, Villar del Arzobispo (VA) and Hunde (HU)] out of the five genotypes evaluated. In the culture conditions tested, the preferred protocol to induce SE in holm oak catkins should include: induction on MS medium with 6-benzyladenine and naphthaleneacetic acid, subculture onto medium with a reduced concentration of both plant growth regulators and a final transference to medium without growth regulators. Under these conditions cotyledonary-stage cotyledonary-stage somatic embryos developed from brown calli with or without nodular structures. Secondary SE, favored by the addition of sorbitol to the manifestation medium, allowed the establishment of 14 embryogenic lines belonging to VA and HU genotypes. Histological observations of the proliferating cultures revealed the presence of globular, torpedo and cotyledonary somatic embryos. Somatic embryos were diploid as verified by flow cytometry analysis, suggesting that they originated from the perianthic tissue of the male flower</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jiménez, Jesús</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">López-Vela, Dolores</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ruiz-Galea, Mar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Celestino, Cristina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Toribio, Mariano</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alegre, Jesús</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Embryogenic suspensions of adult cork oak: the first step towards mass propagation</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trees</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">á somatic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">embryogenesis á suspension culture</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">micropropagation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">micropropagation á quercus suber</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus suber</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Somatic embryogenesis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Suspension culture</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.springerlink.com/index/10.1007/s00468-012-0763-yhttp://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00468-012-0763-y</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">27</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13 - 23</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Protocols have been established to clone adult cork oak trees by somatic embryogenesis using semisolid medium. However, for economically viable mass propagation, embryogenic cultures in liquid medium need to be developed. In this study, suspension cultures were initiated from embryo clusters obtained by secondary embryogenesis on a gelled medium lacking plant growth regulators. After 6 days of culture, these embryo clusters generated high cell density suspensions that also contained small organized structures (embryos and embryogenic clumps). As the culture duration increased, tissue necrosis and fewer embryogenic structures were observed and the establishment of suspension cultures failed. An alternative method was found adequate for initiation of embryogenic suspensions: embryo clusters from gelled medium were brieﬂy shaken in liquid medium and detached cells and embryogenic masses of 41–800 lm were used as inoculum. Maintenance of embryogenic suspensions was achieved using a low-density inoculum (43 mg l -1 ) by subculturing four embryogenic clumps of 0.8–1.2 mm per 70 ml of medium. Proliferation ability was maintained for almost 1 year through ten consecutive subcultures. The initiation and maintenance protocols ﬁrst developed for a single genotype were effective when tested on 11 cork oak genotypes.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">El Kbiach, M. L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lamarti, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdali, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Badoc, A.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Micropropagation of cork oak (Quercus suber L.) by axillary buds</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ACTA BOTANICA GALLICA</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">browning</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">contaminants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cork oak</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">micropropagation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">phenolic compounds</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus suber L.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tissue culture</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2004</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2004///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">151</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">415 - 427</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The in vitro regeneration from cork oak axillary buds was investigated. Different macronutrient formulas supplemented with MS micronutrients, vitamins and 3% sucrose were tested on shoot multiplication and rooting phases. The WPM macronutrients improved caulogenesis and shoot multiplication. Rooting was achieved on WPM 1/2 macronutrients. Dipping the base of the shoots in an IBA concentrated solution improved the rooting phase. 92% of the rooted plants were successfully potted on horticultural substrate with a high relative humidity.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;pub-location: FACULTE DE PHARMACIE, BP 83, F-59006 LILLE-CEDEX, FRANCE&lt;br/&gt;publisher: SOC BOTANIQUE FRANCE</style></notes></record></records></xml>