<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">El Kbiach, M L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lamarti, A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdali, A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Badoc, A</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Micropropagation of cork oak (Quercus suber L.) by axillary buds</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ACTA BOTANICA GALLICA</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">browning</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">contaminants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cork oak</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">micropropagation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">phenolic compounds</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus suber L.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tissue culture</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2004</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SOC BOTANIQUE FRANCE</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">FACULTE DE PHARMACIE, BP 83, F-59006 LILLE-CEDEX, FRANCE</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">151</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">415-427</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The in vitro regeneration from cork oak axillary buds was investigated. Different macronutrient formulas supplemented with MS micronutrients, vitamins and 3% sucrose were tested on shoot multiplication and rooting phases. The WPM macronutrients improved caulogenesis and shoot multiplication. Rooting was achieved on WPM 1/2 macronutrients. Dipping the base of the shoots in an IBA concentrated solution improved the rooting phase. 92% of the rooted plants were successfully potted on horticultural substrate with a high relative humidity.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">El Kbiach, M. L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lamarti, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdali, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Badoc, A.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Micropropagation of cork oak (Quercus suber L.) by axillary buds</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ACTA BOTANICA GALLICA</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">browning</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">contaminants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cork oak</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">micropropagation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">phenolic compounds</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus suber L.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tissue culture</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2004</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2004///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">151</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">415 - 427</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The in vitro regeneration from cork oak axillary buds was investigated. Different macronutrient formulas supplemented with MS micronutrients, vitamins and 3% sucrose were tested on shoot multiplication and rooting phases. The WPM macronutrients improved caulogenesis and shoot multiplication. Rooting was achieved on WPM 1/2 macronutrients. Dipping the base of the shoots in an IBA concentrated solution improved the rooting phase. 92% of the rooted plants were successfully potted on horticultural substrate with a high relative humidity.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;pub-location: FACULTE DE PHARMACIE, BP 83, F-59006 LILLE-CEDEX, FRANCE&lt;br/&gt;publisher: SOC BOTANIQUE FRANCE</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Celestino, Cristina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Picazo, M. L.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Influence of 50 Hz electromagnetic fields on recurrent embryogenesis and germination of cork oak somatic embryos</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant cell, tissue and …</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">bioelectromagnetism</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">elf magnetic fields</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">germination</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus Suber L</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Somatic embryogenesis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tissue culture</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1998</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1998///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.springerlink.com/index/J63G08P8G37N7373.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">54</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">65 - 69</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant tissue culture techniques are carried out under environmentally controlled conditions in phytotrons. However, electric components of phytotrons generate electromagnetic ﬁelds that may act as a environmental factor inﬂuencing plant growth and morphogenesis. Isolated somatic embryos of Quercus suber, picked from embryogenic lines, were chronically exposed to a 50 Hz and 15 µT electromagnetic ﬁeld generated in a Helmholtz-coil system for 8 weeks, in order to examine if the extremely low frequency (ELF) magnetic ﬁeld (MF) affected the morphogenic behaviour of embryogenic cultures during recurrent embryogenesis. Germination of somatic embryos from genotype G7.1 was carried out under the same electromagnetic ﬁeld, and also under conditions in which the local geomagnetic ﬁeld was suppressed. The ELF MF did not inﬂuence the growth of embryogenic clumps of the assayed genotypes, but reduced the number of detachable embryos produced by genotype G3.27. The ELF MF did not modify the percentages of germination or plant formation of somatic embryos. However, somatic embryos had better germination when cultured under the suppressed geomagnetic ﬁeld condition.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Celestino, Cristina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Picazo, M L</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Influence of 50 Hz electromagnetic fields on recurrent embryogenesis and germination of cork oak somatic embryos</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant cell, tissue and …</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">bioelectromagnetism</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">elf magnetic fields</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">germination</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus Suber L</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Somatic embryogenesis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tissue culture</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1998</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">54</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">65-69</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant tissue culture techniques are carried out under environmentally controlled conditions in phytotrons. However, electric components of phytotrons generate electromagnetic ﬁelds that may act as a environmental factor inﬂuencing plant growth and morphogenesis. Isolated somatic embryos of Quercus suber, picked from embryogenic lines, were chronically exposed to a 50 Hz and 15 µT electromagnetic ﬁeld generated in a Helmholtz-coil system for 8 weeks, in order to examine if the extremely low frequency (ELF) magnetic ﬁeld (MF) affected the morphogenic behaviour of embryogenic cultures during recurrent embryogenesis. Germination of somatic embryos from genotype G7.1 was carried out under the same electromagnetic ﬁeld, and also under conditions in which the local geomagnetic ﬁeld was suppressed. The ELF MF did not inﬂuence the growth of embryogenic clumps of the assayed genotypes, but reduced the number of detachable embryos produced by genotype G3.27. The ELF MF did not modify the percentages of germination or plant formation of somatic embryos. However, somatic embryos had better germination when cultured under the suppressed geomagnetic ﬁeld condition.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Romano, A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Martins-Loução, M a</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Micropropagation of mature cork-oak (Querqus suber L.): establishment problems</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scientia gerundensis</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">browning</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">contaminants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cork-oak</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">micropropagation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">phenolic compounds</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus suber L.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tissue culture</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1992</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">18</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17-27</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Procedures have been developed to standardize the establishment stage during mature cork-oak (Quercus suber L.) micropropagation. Axillary and terminal buds cultured in Gresshof and Doy (1972) (GD) medium were used as first explant. Establishment of cultures was very difficult due to browning of the tissue and/or the medium and bacterial contamination. Browning problems, probably due to phenolic compounds exudation of the primary explant, were found to be higher in winter. Nevertheless, initiation of cultures was possible all over the year, presumably due to the preconditioning of cuttings. Explants were established in a GD medium containing 6-benzlaminopurine (BAP) 1 mgl-1. Every 4 weeks the cultures were subcultured to the same GD medium and induced to proliferate being 4:1 the multiplication rate. Shoots were induced to elongate by decreasing BAP concentration. In vitro rooting on agar-solidified medium suplemented with 1 mgl-1 indolacetic acid (IAA) gave the best results. Liquid medium (sorbarod system) and in vivo rooting were also assayed.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bueno, M. A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Astorga, R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Manzanera, J. A.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant regeneration through somatic embryogenesis in Quercus suber</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physiologia Plantarum</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cork oak</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">plant regeneration</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus suber</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Somatic embryogenesis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tissue culture</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1992</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1992///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1992.tb05259.x</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">85</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">30 - 34</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cork oak (Quercus suber L.) zygotic embryos, endosperm and ovules were treated with different concentrations of 2,4-D for induction of somatic embryos. Plant material was collected during the embryo development season, from June to September. Immature embryos proved to be the most reactive initial explant. Callus and somatic embryos developed a few weeks after the beginning of the 2,4-D treatment. For embryo development experiments, different growth regulators and cold and desiccation treatments were tested. Cold storage of somatic embryos matured in vitro at 5°C was the best treatment for breaking dormancy.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;publisher: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bueno, A. J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Manzanera, M. A.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Primeros ensayos de inducción de embriones somáticos de Quercus suber L.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scientia gerundensis</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cork oak</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus suber</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Somatic embryogenesis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tissue culture</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">vegetative propagation</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1992</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1992///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">18</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">29 - 37</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Susceptibility of cork oak (Quercus suber L.) embryos, endosperm and ovules to somatic embryogenesis induction has been studied. 2,4-D at different concentrations was tested. Samples were collected every two weeks, dong the fruit development period, from June till September. The embryos formed callus, from which globular and heart and torpedo-shaped structures and somatic embryos at different developing degrees were obtained.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Manzanera, J A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pardos, J A</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Micropropagation of juvenile and adult Quercus suber L.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cork oak</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">micropropagation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus suber</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">rooting</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tissue culture</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1990</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">21</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1-8</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">This paper describes research on the application of tissue culture techniques to the micropropagation of cork oak (Quercus suber L.), a forest species of ecological and industrial importance in the Mediterranean area. Apical buds and nodal stem segments were employed as initial explants. Their origins were young seedlings, stump sprouts and sprouts formed on cuttings collected from old trees. The action of the mineral medium and growth regulators was studied in the multiplication stage. Media with low concentrations of ions, such as Sommer's or Heller's, are more suitable for growth and proliferation of explants than other media richer in salts. It was also observed that cytokinin (BA) must be present for the culture development. Adding low concentrations of auxin (NAA) to the medium improves the multi- plication rate, especially in vegetative material of adult origin. The auxin type is the most important factor in the promotion of rhizogenesis. The method of application determines the quality of the root system. Treatment with low concentrations of IBA added to the rooting medium gives the best results. High sucrose concentration also improves rooting. Diluting the mineral rooting medium is slightly favourable, although there is no significant difference between it and the standard mineral concentration.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Féraud-Keller, C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ESPAGNAC, H.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Conditions d'apparition d'une embryogénèse somatique sur des cals issus de la culture de tissus foliaires du chêne vert (Quercus ilex)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Canadian Journal of Botany</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Callus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus ilex</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tissue culture</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1989</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1989///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/abs/10.1139/b89-139</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">67</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1066 - 1070</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The proliferation of parenchymatous foliar tissue of Quercus ilex was obtained from current year leaves taken from old trees and cultivated in vitro on modified Murashige and Skoog's medium supplemented with benzylaminopurine (4 mg ∙ L−1) and naphthyl acetic acid (0.5 mg ∙ L−1). Only the fragments cultured in October reacted. The neoformations only appeared on calluses that had not been subcultured for 7 months. Primary nodules arising on these calluses were removed and subcultured on the same medium either in the dark or in the light. In the dark only, they produced secondary nodules, which were the source of somatic embryos both in light and dark. Presently, they seem to regulate their structure in the dark but they do not develop in a way that leads to germination.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">doi: 10.1139/b89-139doi: 10.1139/b89-139The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;publisher: NRC Research Press</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TORIBIO, M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CELESTINO, C</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cultivo in vitro del alcornoque</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scientia gerundensis</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cork-oak</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">micropropagation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">plant regeneration</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus suber L.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Somatic embryogenesis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tissue culture</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1989</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11-21</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vegetative plant propagation is mainly used in the operational line of Forest Tree Improvement Programs to capture all the genetic potential, including the non-additive component of the genetic variance. In the case of genus Quercus, it could be also used to avoid the problems derived from installation and yielding of seed orchards. The tissue culture based micropropagation arises as an alternative technique to solve the problems of space and time associated with the classical techniques of asexual propagation. This article reviews the work done with cork-oak in this field. Up to date there are few papers dealing with in vitro culture of Quercus suher L. Embryo culture has been tryed to determine the minimum requeriments of the species and its morphogenic potential. Plantlet regeneration has been obtained following axillary budding on nodal segments from juvenile and rejuvenated tissues, elongation and rooting of microcuttings. Main problems arise on transplanting soil the neoformed plants. Callus culture has been achieved from cotyledons and epicotyl segments from young seedlings. In booth cases also somatic embryogenesis has been reported. This fact opens a new way for micropropagating cork-oak, which is discussed.</style></abstract></record></records></xml>