<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dias, Filipe S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bugalho, Miguel N.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rodríguez-González, Patricia M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Albuquerque, António</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cerdeira, J. Orestes</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Strecker, Angela</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effects of forest certification on the ecological condition of Mediterranean streams</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Applied Ecology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cork oak</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Forest management</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Forest Stewardship Council</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">freshwater habitats</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">rapid bio-assessment protocol</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Riparian vegetation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stream Visual Assessment Protocol</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/1365-2664.12358</style></url></web-urls></urls><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">n/a - n/a</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1. Forest certification, a proxy for sustainable forest management, covers more than 10% of the world’s forests. Under forest certification, forest managers and landowners must comply with environmental, economic and social management standards aiming to promote forest conservation. Despite an increasing area of certified forests, there is a dearth of data on how forest certification is affecting the conservation of forest ecosystems and associated habitats. 2. Here, we assess the effects of Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) certification, one of the largest certification schemes in the world, on the ecological condition of streams crossing Mediterranean evergreen oak woodlands. 3. We used the Stream Visual Assessment Protocol (SVAP) to compare the ecological condi- tion of streams located in areas with 3 and 5 years of certification, in non-certified areas and in least disturbed streams. 4. Forest certification positively affected the ecological condition of the surveyed streams, but its effects were only measurable after 5 years of certification. Streams with 5 years of certification had more continuous, dense and diverse riparian vegetation when compared to streams located in non-certified areas. Moreover, the condition of streams located in areas with 5 years of forest certification was similar to the condition of least disturbed streams. 5. Synthesis and applications. Forest certification promotes the ecological condition of streams occurring within Mediterranean evergreen oak woodlands. This mainly happens because in areas under forest certification, managers and landowners have to comply with management practices that require them to remove or reduce the main causes for stream deg- radation, allowing riparian habitats to recover. Within landscapes with large and increasing areas under forest certification, such as the Mediterranean cork oak woodlands, the positive effects of certification on the ecological condition of streams may spread across the hydro- graphic network in the medium to long term.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Corbacho, Casimiro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sánchez, Juan Manuel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Costillo, Emilio</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Patterns of structural complexity and human disturbance of riparian vegetation in agricultural landscapes of a Mediterranean area</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agriculture, Ecosystems &amp; Environment</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">agricultural landscapes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">conservation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Human disturbance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mediterranean areas</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Riparian vegetation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Successional vegetative gradient</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SW Spain</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2003</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2003///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0167880902002189</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">95</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">495 - 507</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Riparian corridors are valuable high diversity habitats in Mediterranean-type environments and mainly in agricultural landscapes. Following a ‘vegetation complexes’ approach along ﬂuvial landscapes, the factors affecting structural complexity and human disturbance through agricultural areas in south-west (SW) Spain were analysed. Using principal component analysis and a stepwise multiple regression analysis three main results were obtained: (1) a successional vegetative gradient was noted from upper (pioneer herbaceous communities) to lower reaches of streams (closed-canopy forests) with a concomitant increase in both woody cover and habitat diversity; (2) land-use intensity associated with each of the agricultural production methods, which was mainly related to topographic irregularity, appeared to be the main cause of human disturbance in riparian areas. Thus, the closed-canopy forests located in ﬂat landscapes of lower streams were removed, highly modiﬁed or extensively fragmented; in contrast, riparian complexes placed on wild and rough landscapes of upper streams appeared as undisturbed or near-natural; (3) nearly 50% of the natural riparian vegetation of the study area has been highly modiﬁed or has disappeared, in most cases replaced by non-natural formations which have today become dominant. The protection of the few existing well-preserved riparian corridors and the restoration of highly altered riparian areas in the lower reaches of streams has become a priority in maintaining biodiversity in these agricultural Mediterranean landscapes. The extensive and cost-effective method developed for this study would be easily applicable to other large areas to evaluate the effect of human disturbance on riparian corridors</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2-3</style></issue></record></records></xml>