<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Corcobado, Tamara</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Solla, Alejandro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Madeira, Manuel A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moreno, Gerardo</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Combined effects of soil properties and Phytophthora cinnamomi infections on Quercus ilex decline</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PLANT AND SOIL</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nitrogen deposition</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oak decline</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Root-rot disease</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Silvopastoral systems</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soil compaction</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">soil texture</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">373</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">403 - 413</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The importance of soil properties as determinants of tree vitality and Phytophthora cinnamomi root infections was analysed. The study comprised 96 declining stands in western Spain, where declining and non-declining holm oak (Quercus ilex L.) trees were sampled. Soil properties (soil depth, Ah horizon thickness, texture, pH, redox potential, soil bulk density and N-NH4 (+) and N-NO3 (-) concentrations) and P. cinnamomi infections were assessed. Tree mortality rates increased with low soil bulk densities, which were also associated with more P. cinnamomi-infected trees. Occurrence of infected trees was higher in fine textured soils and in thick Ah horizons. Fine textured soils favoured trees, but with the presence of P. cinnamomi their health status deteriorated. Soil under declining trees had higher N-NO3 (-)/N-NH4 (+) ratio values than under non-declining trees. Additional soil properties changes associated to grazing were not related to decline and P. cinnamomi infections. The implications of P. cinnamomi in holm oak decline and the influence of soil properties as contributors to pathogen activity were demonstrated. Fine soil textures and thick Ah horizons, usually favourable for vigour and vitality of trees growing in the Mediterranean climate, were shown to be disadvantageous soil properties if P. cinnamomi was present. Fine soil textures and thick Ah horizons are frequently related with higher levels of soil moisture, which increase the inoculum of the pathogen and favours root infection. Grazing does not seem to be directly linked to Q. ilex health status or P. cinnamomi root rot.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1-2</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;pub-location: VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS&lt;br/&gt;publisher: SPRINGER</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">De Miguel, José Manuel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acosta-Gallo, Belén</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gómez-Sal, Antonio</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Understanding Mediterranean Pasture Dynamics: General Tree Cover vs. Specific Effects of Individual Trees</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rangeland Ecology &amp; Management</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">free-ranging livestock</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pasture management</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus ilex</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">scattered trees</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Silvopastoral systems</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">topography effect</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.2111/REM-D-12-00016.1</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">66</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">216 - 223</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The study investigated the effect of general and homogeneous tree cover on grassland composition on an extensive Mediterranean rangeland with sparse oak trees in central Spain. We analyzed this effect together with other significant factors identified in this type of rangeland: topography and plowing. Data were collected in the 1984 growing season and they form part of a historical database on the characteristics of vegetation and livestock behavior; these data refer to grasslands below and away from the tree crowns of 91 individual trees, located in different topographical positions and in areas that were last plowed at different times.We used multivariate analyses to identify the main compositional trends of variation in pasture communities. The results indicate that the herbaceous community below tree crowns was more similar to that of the lowland areas than to the nearby areas away from the tree. This result supports the idea of tree cover in semiarid rangelands as a factor attenuating the effects on pastures of environmental conditions typical of high and intermediate topographical positions—generally presenting low soil moisture and fertility. Coupled with this, we also found effects of some individual trees related with the way livestock uses them as shelter and resting places. Our results indicate that the role played by dispersed trees in the management of this type of rangeland should be analyzed at two complementary spatial scales: the overall effect of tree cover as a factor acting at landscape scale and the specific effect of some individual trees acting at a more detailed scale.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rivest, David</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rolo, Víctor</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">López-Díaz, M Lourdes</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moreno, Gerardo</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Belowground competition for nutrients in shrub-encroached Mediterranean dehesas</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cistus ladanifer</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dry matter production</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Native pasture</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nutrient uptake</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus ilex</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">retama sphaerocarpa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Silvopastoral systems</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">90</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">347-354</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Managing multilayered silvopastoral systems such as Mediterranean dehesas requires the study of nutrient resource partitioning among coexisting species and determination to what extent soil nutrients are limiting plant growth. We determined the effects of NPK fertilisation maintained over two consecutive years on dry matter production and nutritional status of pasture (herbaceous) species, two shrub species and Quercus ilex L. in two silvopastoral sites with different shrub-layer species. We selected two prominent Mediterranean shrub species that vary in their speciﬁc ecological strategies: a N2-ﬁxing and sparse deep-rooting shrub (Retama sphaerocarpa (L.) Boiss, Retama site), and a dense shallow-rooting shrub (Cistus ladanifer L., Cistus site). Fertilisation signiﬁcantly (P B 0.05) increased pasture dry mass by 460% and 1,090% in the Retama and Cistus sites, respectively. Nitrogen uptake by pasture species was most stimulated in both sites, and was the major limiting nutrient for this group. At the Cistus site, fertilisation signiﬁcantly increased leaf dry mass of Q. ilex by 53%, but no signiﬁcant effect was found at the Retama site. There were no signiﬁcant effects of fertilisation treatments on dry mass and nutrient status of Retama cladodes and Cistus leaves. Vector analysis revealed that the magnitude of relative changes in nutrient uptake and dry matter production of pasture in response to fertilisation was markedly higher than that of Q. ilex, R. sphaerocarpa and C. ladanifer, suggesting high competitive ability of pasture species for soil nutrients. Results suggest that patterns of soil nutrient partitioning are site-speciﬁc and, thus, likely depend on the dominant species in the shrub layer</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hracherrass, Ahmed</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berkat, Omar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">De Montard, Francois-Xavier</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Implications of sheep and cattle Teline linifolia bush ingestion behaviour for managing the Maamora cork tree forest (Morocco)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CAHIERS AGRICULTURES</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cattle</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cork oak</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">feeding preferences</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morocco</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Regeneration</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sheep</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Silvopastoral systems</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">JOHN LIBBEY EUROTEXT LTD</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">127 AVE DE LA REPUBLIQUE, 92120 MONTROUGE, FRANCE</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">18</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The cork tree forest of Maamora near Rabat (Maroc) has suffered deep and increasing grazing pressure for 100 years. Dense understorey stands of Teline linifolia, a native, nitrogen fixing and vigorous legume shrub, would contribute to forest regeneration provided that it be proven to be a resource for sheep and cattle grazing. Autumn is a period with lower resources of grass and with no nitrogen fixing shrubs. In situ monthly measurements of sheep and cattle ingestion rates show a significant contribution of T. linifolia in both sheep (up to 24%) and cattle (up to 12%) total ingestion rates in autumn, due to its peculiar phenology along with the inadequacy of grass and other shrub resources at this time. The opportunity of planting Teline shrubs in the process of cork tree forest regeneration along with multi-purpose uses is described and discussed.</style></abstract></record></records></xml>