<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rosalino, Luís Miguel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nóbrega, Filomena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Santos-Reis, Margarida</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Teixeira, Generosa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rebelo, Rui</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acorn Selection by the Wood Mouse Apodemus sylvaticus: A Semi-Controlled Experiment in a Mediterranean Environment.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zoological science</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oak trees</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Q. rotundifolia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Q. suber</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus faginea</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">rodents</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">seed consumption</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">seed dispersal</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">30</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">724-730</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fruits are highly important food resources for mammals in Mediterranean Europe, and due to the dominance of oaks (Quercus sp.), acorns are among those used by a vast array of species, including rodents. The metabolic yield of acorn intake may determine a selection pattern: preference for fat, carbohydrate, and consequently energy-rich fruits; or avoidance of fruits containing high concentrations of secondary chemical compounds (e.g., tannic acid). We studied the acorn feeding selection pattern of wood mice (Apodemus sylvaticus) inhabiting a mixed oak woodland, southwest Portugal, using an experiment conducted in an open-air enclosure. We tested which variables associated with the wood mouse (e.g., sex) and acorns (e.g., size and nutrient content) from three oak species (holm Q. rotundifolia, Portuguese Q. faginea and cork Q. suber oak) could be constraining acorn consumption. Our results indicate that wood mice are selecting acorns of the most common oak species (Q. suber), probably due to their previous familiarization with the fruit due to its dominance in the ecosystem but probably also because its chemical characteristics (sugar contents). Rodent gender and acorn morphology (width) are also influential, with females more prone to consume acorns with smaller width, probably due to handling limitation. This selective behaviour may have consequences for dispersion and natural regeneration of the different oak species.</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">24004078</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">From Duplicate 1 ( </style></notes><research-notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">From Duplicate 1 ( </style></research-notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ruiz-Capillas, Pablo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mata, Cristina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Malo, Juan E</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Road verges are refuges for small mammal populations in extensively managed Mediterranean landscapes</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biological Conservation</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Apodemus sylvaticus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Habitat degradation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">microhabitat</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Motorway</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Population crash</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">rodents</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elsevier Ltd</style></publisher><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">158</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">223-229</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Understanding how roads affect the persistence of animal populations is one of the challenges of road ecology. Small mammals are of great interest on account of their value as indicators of environmental impacts and their key role in ecosystems. Nevertheless, there is a large gap in our knowledge of small mammal communities in the proximity of roads. An intensive study was conducted of the effect of a motorway on the small mammal communities in an extensively managed Mediterranean landscape. Live-trapping methods were used over a 2-year period to characterise the structure and dynamics of small mammal populations at increasing distances from the motorway (0–500–1000 m). In total, 1004 individuals of three species were captured. All three were signiﬁcantly more abundant nearest to the motorway. In addition, in the case of the wood mouse, a higher proportion of juveniles was found at 0 m and 500 m from the motorway and its abundance was independent of other, habitat-related, characteristics. The greater abundance of small mammals in close vicinity to the motorway became more obvious during the second year, when a population crash reduced captures by over 60%. Thus, the ratio of captures alongside the motorway relative to those at the other distances analysed rose from approximately 3:2 to 9:2. The results point to roadside verges being an important refuge for small mammals in terms both of greater abundance and population stability. This ﬁnding has important implications from the viewpoint of conservation biology and for management of the environmental impacts of roads.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leverkus, A B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Castro, J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PUERTA-PIÑERO, C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rey Benayas, J M</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Suitability of the management of habitat complexity, acorn burial depth, and a chemical repellent for post-fire reforestation of oaks</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecological Engineering</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acorn removal</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Capsaicin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Post-fire management</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">rodents</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">seed predation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seed sowing</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">53</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15-22</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acorn sowing is a reforestation technique that can potentially render high-quality oak seedlings and high seedling survival, although it is often discarded due to high rates of seed predation. Predator activity can be modified by habitat complexity due to its effects on accessibility and protection for different predators. In this study we analysed how habitat complexity generated by different post-fire management treatments, sowing depth, and capsaicin (a chemical repellent) affect acorn predation by two guilds of post-dispersal predators that differ in size and foraging behaviour. We carried out two acorn predation experiments. In Experiment #1 we buried acorns at two depths (2 and 8 cm) in two post-fire burnt-wood management treatments of different habitat complexity, namely: (1) Salvage Logging (SL), where the burnt trunks were cut and piled and the branches were masticated (lower habitat complexity), and (2) Non-Intervention (NI), with no action after the fire and 100% of the trees naturally fallen by 2009, thus leaving a habitat with lying burnt logs and branches (higher habitat complexity). In Experiment #2 we repeated Experiment #1, with the addition of capsaicin as a mammal repellent treatment. Most acorns were consumed in both years (ca. 90%), mainly by rodents. In Experiment #1 predation by boars accounted for 4.1% of overall predation, and it was about twice as high in SL than in NI, likely due to the physical difficulty for large mammals to forage in an area with a complex structure created by lying logs and branches. In contrast, rodents consumed ca. 1.4 times more acorns in NI than in SL, which led to overall greater predation in NI in both experiments. This was likely due to the protection provided by the branches for the rodent community. Deeper burial reduced predation by small percentages, although in Experiment #1 it had a negligible effect in NI. Capsaicin did not reduce predation, and it reduced seedling emergence to half. This study suggests that habitat complexity created by trunks and branches reduced predation by wild boars, but favoured rodent acorn predation. We conclude that other methods for the protection of individual acorns need to be identified to increase the success of oak reforestation via seeding.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Díaz, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">González, E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MUNOZPULIDO, R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">NAVESO, M. A.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">EFFECTS OF FOOD ABUNDANCE AND HABITAT STRUCTURE ON SEED-EATING RODENTS IN SPAIN WINTERING IN MAN-MADE HABITATS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ZEITSCHRIFT FUR SAUGETIERKUNDE-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MAMMALIAN BIOLOGY</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">abundance patterns</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">acorn predation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mediterranean</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">montado</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">rodents</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1993</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1993///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">58</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">302 - 311</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The patterns of abundance and seed (acorn) predation races were analyzed in granivorous rodents (mainly the wood mouse Apodemus sylvaticus L.) wintering in two man-made habitats: cereal croplands, and a kind of wood-pasture exclusive to the western Mediterranean basin, the dehesas. Both seed (acorn) abundance ana vegetation structure were also measured. Within dehesas, neither rodent abundance nor acorn predation rates were related to acorn abundance, whereas there Tvas a significant. association between rodent abundance and shrub cover at the end of winter. These results were coincident with previous findings in croplands. Both rodent abundances and seed predation rates were lower in dehesas than in croplands, despite the better structural and trophic conditions of the first habitat for rodents (larger shrub cover and food abundance). However, the body condition of animals was better in dehesas, to the extent that we found strong evidence for mincer reproduction. Rodent predator communities appear to be more diverse and denser in dehesas than in croplands. This suggests a heavier predation pressure in dehesas which would have culled rodent populations in such a way chat food Tvas plentiful for survivors, rhus explaining their scarcity, good body condition, and low dependence on food resources.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">APSAPSThe following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;pub-location: VILLENGANG 2, D-07745 JENA, GERMANY&lt;br/&gt;publisher: GUSTAV FISCHER VERLAG</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diaz, M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">González, E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MUNOZPULIDO, R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">NAVESO, M A</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">EFFECTS OF FOOD ABUNDANCE AND HABITAT STRUCTURE ON SEED-EATING RODENTS IN SPAIN WINTERING IN MAN-MADE HABITATS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ZEITSCHRIFT FUR SAUGETIERKUNDE-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MAMMALIAN BIOLOGY</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">abundance patterns</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">acorn predation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mediterranean</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">montado</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">rodents</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1993</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GUSTAV FISCHER VERLAG</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">VILLENGANG 2, D-07745 JENA, GERMANY</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">58</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">302-311</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The patterns of abundance and seed (acorn) predation races were analyzed in granivorous rodents (mainly the wood mouse Apodemus sylvaticus L.) wintering in two man-made habitats: cereal croplands, and a kind of wood-pasture exclusive to the western Mediterranean basin, the dehesas. Both seed (acorn) abundance ana vegetation structure were also measured. Within dehesas, neither rodent abundance nor acorn predation rates were related to acorn abundance, whereas there Tvas a significant. association between rodent abundance and shrub cover at the end of winter. These results were coincident with previous findings in croplands. Both rodent abundances and seed predation rates were lower in dehesas than in croplands, despite the better structural and trophic conditions of the first habitat for rodents (larger shrub cover and food abundance). However, the body condition of animals was better in dehesas, to the extent that we found strong evidence for mincer reproduction. Rodent predator communities appear to be more diverse and denser in dehesas than in croplands. This suggests a heavier predation pressure in dehesas which would have culled rodent populations in such a way chat food Tvas plentiful for survivors, rhus explaining their scarcity, good body condition, and low dependence on food resources.</style></abstract><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">APS</style></notes><research-notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">APS</style></research-notes></record></records></xml>