<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Llusia, Joan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bermejo-Bermejo, Victoria</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Calvete-Sogo, Héctor</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Penuelas, Josep</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Decreased rates of terpene emissions in Ornithopus compressus L. and Trifolium striatum L. by ozone exposure and nitrogen fertilization.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Annual pastures</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BVOCS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Emissions</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gas exchange</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">legumes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nitrogen deposition</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ozone</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">terpenes</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">194C</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">69-77</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Increasing tropospheric ozone (O3) and nitrogen soil availability (N) are two of the main drivers of global change. They both may affect gas exchange, including plant emission of volatiles such as terpenes. We conducted an experiment using open-top chambers to analyze these possible effects on two leguminous species of Mediterranean pastures that are known to have different O3 sensitivity, Ornithopus compressus and Trifolium striatum. O3 exposure and N fertilization did not affect the photosynthetic rates of O. compressus and T. striatum, although O3 tended to induce an increase in the stomatal conductance of both species, especially T. striatum, the most sensitive species. O3 and N soil availability reduced the emission of terpenes in O. compressus and T. striatum. If these responses are confirmed as a general pattern, O3 could affect the competitiveness of these species.</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">25094059</style></accession-num></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cerqueira, Mário</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gomes, Luís</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tarelho, Luís</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pio, Casimiro</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Formaldehyde and acetaldehyde emissions from residential wood combustion in Portugal</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Atmospheric Environment</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acetaldehyde</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biomass combustion</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Emissions</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Formaldehyde</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wood stove</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1352231013001568</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">72</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">171 - 176</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A series of experiments were conducted to characterize formaldehyde and acetaldehyde emissions from residential combustion of common wood species growing in Portugal. Five types of wood were investigated: maritime pine (Pinus pinaster), eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globulus), cork oak (Quercus suber), holm oak (Quercus rotundifolia) and pyrenean oak (Quercus pyrenaica). Laboratory experiments were performed with a typical wood stove used for domestic heating in Portugal and operating under realistic home conditions. Aldehydes were sampled from diluted combustion flue gas using silica cartridges coated with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine and analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection. The average formaldehyde to acetaldehyde concentration ratio (molar basis) in the stove flue gas was in the range of 2.1–2.9. Among the tested wood types, pyrenean oak produced the highest emissions for both formaldehyde and acetaldehyde: 1772 ± 649 and 1110 ± 454 mg kg−1 biomass burned (dry basis), respectively. By contrast, maritime pine produced the lowest emissions: 653 ± 151 and 371 ± 162 mg kg−1 biomass (dry basis) burned, respectively. Aldehydes were sampled separately during distinct periods of the holm oak wood combustion cycles. Significant variations in the flue gas concentrations were found, with higher values measured during the devolatilization stage than in the flaming and smoldering stages.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fares, Silvano</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schnitzhofer, Ralf</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jiang, Xiaoyan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Guenther, Alex</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hansel, Armin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Loreto, Francesco</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Observations of Diurnal to Weekly Variations of Monoterpene-Dominated Fluxes of Volatile Organic Compounds from Mediterranean Forests: Implications for Regional Modeling</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE &amp; TECHNOLOGY</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Emissions</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GLOBAL-MODEL</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ozone</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PROTON-TRANSFER REACTION</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PTR-TOF</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">QUERCUS-ILEX</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">REACTION MASS-SPECTROMETRY</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">47</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11073 - 11082</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Estate of Castelporziano (Rome, Italy) hosts many ecosystems representative of Mediterranean vegetation, especially holm oak and pine forests and dune vegetation. In this work, basal emission factors (BEFs) of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) obtained by Eddy Covariance in a field campaign using a proton transfer reaction-time-of-flight-mass spectrometer (PTR-TOF-MS) were compared to BEFs reported in previous studies that could not measure fluxes in real-time. Globally, broadleaf forests are dominated by isoprene emissions, but these Mediterranean ecosystems are dominated by strong monoterpene emitters, as shown by the new BEFs. The original and new BEFs were used to parametrize the model of emissions of gases and aerosols from nature (MEGAN v2.1), and model outputs were compared with measured fluxes. Results showed good agreement between modeled and measured fluxes when a model was used to predict radiative transfer and energy balance across the canopy. We then evaluated whether changes in BVOC emissions can affect the chemistry of the atmosphere and climate at a regional level. MEGAN was run together with the land surface model (community land model, CLM v4.0) of the community earth system model (CESM v1.0). Results highlighted that tropospheric ozone concentration and air temperature predicted from the model are sensitive to the magnitude of BVOC emissions, thus demonstrating the importance of adopting the proper BEF values for model parametrization.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">19</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;pub-location: 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA&lt;br/&gt;publisher: AMER CHEMICAL SOC</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gonçalves, Cátia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alves, Célia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evtyugina, Margarita</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mirante, Fátima</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pio, Casimiro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Caseiro, Alexandre</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schmidl, Christoph</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bauer, Heidi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carvalho, Fernando</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Characterisation of PM10 emissions from woodstove combustion of common woods grown in Portugal</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Atmospheric Environment</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biomass burning</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Emissions</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GC-MS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Organic tracers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PM10</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Woodstove</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1352231010005959</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">44</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4474 - 4480</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A series of source tests was performed to evaluate the chemical composition of particle emissions from the woodstove combustion of four prevalent Portuguese species of woods: Pinus pinaster (maritime pine), Eucalyptus globulus (eucalyptus), Quercus suber (cork oak) and Acacia longifolia (golden wattle). Analyses included water-soluble ions, metals, radionuclides, organic and elemental carbon (OC and EC), humic-like substances (HULIS), cellulose and approximately l80 organic compounds. Particle (PM10) emission factors from eucalyptus and oak were higher than those from pine and acacia. The carbonaceous matter represented 44e63% of the particulate mass emitted during the combustion process, regardless of species burned. The major organic components of smoke particles, for all the wood species studied, with the exception of the golden wattle (0.07e1.9% w/w), were anhydrosugars (0.2e17% w/w). Conﬂicting with what was expected, only small amounts of cellulose were found in wood smoke. As for HULIS, average particle mass concentrations ranged from 1.5% to 3.0%. The golden wattle wood smoke presented much higher concentrations of ions and metal species than the emissions from the other wood types. The results of the analysis of radionuclides revealed that the 226 Ra was the naturally occurring radionuclide more enriched in PM10. The chromatographically resolved organics included n-alkanes, nalkenes, PAH, oxygenated PAH, n-alkanals, ketones, n-alkanols, terpenoids, triterpenoids, phenolic compounds, phytosterols, alcohols, n-alkanoic acids, n-di-acids, unsaturated acids and alkyl ester acids.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">35</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;publisher: Elsevier Ltd</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Karl, M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Guenther, A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Koble, R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leip, A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seufert, G</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A new European plant-specific emission inventory of biogenic volatile organic compounds for use in atmospheric transport models</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BIOGEOSCIENCES</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Emissions</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">isoprene</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Monoterpenes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">VOC</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1059-1087</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">We present a new European plant-specific emission inventory for isoprene, monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes and oxygenated VOC (OVOC), on a spatial resolution of 0.089x0.089 degrees, for implementation in atmospheric transport models. The inventory incorporates more accurate data on foliar biomass densities from several litterfall databases that became available in the last years for the main tree species in Europe. A bioclimatic correction factor was introduced to correct the foliar biomass densities of trees and crops for the different plant growth conditions that can be found in Pan-Europe. Long-term seasonal variability of agriculture and forest emissions was taken into account by implementing a new growing season concept. The 2004-2005 averaged annual total biogenic volatile organic compound (BVOC) emissions for the Pan-European domain are estimated to be about 12 Tg with a large contribution from the OVOC class of about 4.5 Tg and from monoterpenes of about 4 Tg. Annual isoprene emissions are found to be about 3.5 Tg, insensitive to the chosen emission algorithm. Emissions of OVOC were found to originate to a large extent from agriculture. Further experiments on crop emissions should be carried out to check the validity of the applied standard emission factors. The new inventory aims at a fully transparent and verifiable aggregation of detailed land use information and at the inclusion of plant-specific emission data. Though plant-specific land use data is available with relatively high accuracy, a lack of experimental biomass densities and emission data on terpenes, sesquiterpenes and oxygenated VOC, in particular for agricultural plants, currently limits the setup of a highly accurate plant-specific emission inventory.</style></abstract><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">APS</style></notes><research-notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">APS</style></research-notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Simpson, D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Winiwarter, W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Borjesson, G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cinderby, S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ferreiro, A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Guenther, A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hewitt, C N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Janson, R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Khalil, M A K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Owen, S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pierce, T E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Puxbaum, H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shearer, M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Skiba, U</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Steinbrecher, R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tarrason, L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oquist, M G</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Inventorying emissions from nature in Europe</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Emissions</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">land use</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">NOx</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Volatile Organic Compounds</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1999</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">104</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8113-8152</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">As part of the work of the Economic Commission for Europe of the United Nations Task Force on Emission Inventories, a new set of guidelines has been developed for assessing the emissions of sulphur, nitrogen oxides, NH,, CH,, and nonmethane volatile organic compounds (NMVOC) from biogenic and other natural sources in Europe. This paper gives the background to these guidelines, describes the sources, and gives our recommended methodologies for estimating emissions. We have assembled land use and other statistics from European or national compilations and present emission estimates for the various natural/biogenic source categories based on these. Total emissions from nature derived here amount to similar to 1.1 Tg S yr(-1), 6-8 Tg CH4 yr(-1), 70 Gg NH3 (as N) yr(-1), and 13 Tg NMVOC yr(-1). Estimates of biogenic NOx emissions cover a wide range, from 140 to 1500 Gg NOx (as N) yr(-1). In terms of relative contribution to total European emissions for different pollutants, then NMVOC from forests and vegetation are clearly the most important emissions source. Biogenic NOx emissions (although heavily influenced by nitrogen inputs from anthropogenic activities) are very important if the higher estimates are reliable. CH, from wetlands and sulphur from volcanoes are also significant emissions in the European budgets. On a global scale, European biogenic emissions are not significant, a consequence of the climate and size (7% of global land area) of Europe and of the destruction of natural ecosystems since prehistoric times. However, for assessing local budgets and for photochemical oxidant modeling, natural/biogenic emissions can play an important role. The most important contributor in this regard is undoubtedly forest VOC emissions, although this paper also indicates that NMVOC emissions from nonforested areas also need to be further evaluated. This paper was originally conceived as a contribution to the collection of papers arising as a result of the Workshop on Biogenic Hydrocarbons in the Atmospheric Boundary Layer, August 24-27, 1997. (Several papers arising from this workshop have been published in Journal of Geophysical Research, 103(D19) 1998.).</style></abstract><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">APS</style></notes><research-notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">APS</style></research-notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Loreto, F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ciccioli, P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cecinato, A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brancaleoni, E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Frattoni, M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fabozzi, C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tricoli, D</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evidence of the photosynthetic origin of monoterpenes emitted by Quercus ilex L leaves by C-13 labeling</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PLANT PHYSIOLOGY</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">alpha-pinene</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">C-13 labeling</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Emissions</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">isoprene</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Monoterpenes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus flex L.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus ilex</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1996</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">AMER SOC PLANT PHYSIOLOGISTS</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">110</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1317-1322</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The carbon of the four main monoterpenes emitted by Quercus flex L. leaves was completely labeled with C-13 after a 20-min feeding with 99% (CO2)-C-13. This labeling time course is comparable with the labeling time course of isoprene, the terpenoid emitted by other Quercus species and synthesized in leaf chloroplasts. It is also comparable with that of phosphoglyceric acid. Our experiment therefore provides evidence that monoterpenes emitted by Q. ilex are formed from photosynthesis intermediates and may share the same synthetic pathway with isoprene. By analyzing the rate and the distribution of labeling in the different fragments, we looked for evidence of differential carbon labeling in the alpha-pinene emitted. However, the labeling pattern was quite uniform in the different fragments, suggesting that the carbon skeleton of the emitted monoterpenes comes from a unique carbon source.</style></abstract><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">APS</style></notes><research-notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">APS</style></research-notes></record></records></xml>