<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hijano, Concepción Fidalgo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Domínguez, Maria Dolores Petit</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gimínez, Rosario García</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sínchez, Pilar Hungría</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">García, Inís Sancho</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Higher plants as bioindicators of sulphur dioxide emissions in urban environments.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Environmental monitoring and assessment</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">atmospheric pollution</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bioindicators</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cedrus deodara</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">higher plants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nerium oleander</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pinus pinea</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pyracantha coccinea</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus ilex</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sulphur dioxide</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2005</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">111</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">75-88</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The evaluation of certain vascular plants that grow in the city of Madrid as biomonitors of SO(2) air pollution in urban environments has been carried out. Total concentration of sulphur in leaves of the chosen higher plants as well as other parameters in close relation to this contaminant (visible injury symptoms, chlorophyll a- and b-content and peroxidase activity) have been determined in order to study the spatial distribution and temporal changes in SO(2) deposition. Results obtained show that coniferous species such as Pinus pinea, were more sensitive to SO(2) atmospheric concentration than leafy species as Quercux ilex subspecies ballota and, in the same way, bush species, such as Pyracantha coccinea and Nerium oleander, were more sensitive than wooded species, such as Cedrus deodara and Pinus pinea, respectively. There is a higher accumulation of sulphur in vegetable species located near highways and dense traffic incidence roads and near areas with high density of population. The minimum values for accumulation of SO(2) were registered in winter and spring seasons (from January to April) due to the vegetative stop; while maximum values are obtained during the summer season (from June to September), due to the stoma opening. The highest increments in sulphur concentration, calculated as the difference between two consecutive months, are obtained in May and June for all considered species except for Cedrus deodara and Pyracantha coccinea, both species have few seasonal changes during the whole year. Some species are more sensitive to natural washing than others, showing a decrease in sulphur concentration after rainfall periods.</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16311823</style></accession-num></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grill, D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Müller, M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tausz, M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Strnad, B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wonisch, A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Raschi, A</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effects of sulphurous gases in two CO2 springs on total sulphur and thiols in acorns and oak seedlings</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Atmospheric Environment</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cytogenetic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Glutathione</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">hydrogen sulphide</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stress</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sulphur dioxide</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2004</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">38</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3775-3780</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus ilex and Quercus pubescens acorns were collected at two CO2 springs in Tuscany (Bossoleto and Viterbo, resp.). In addition to elevated CO2, these springs are a source of H2S and SO2 . Acorns from a comparable ﬁeld site distant from CO2 springs were used as controls. Acorns from CO2 springs contained signiﬁcantly higher sulphur concentrations than controls (0.67 vs. 0.47 mg g 1 dw in Q. ilex cotyledons and 1.01 vs. 0.80 in Q. pubescens) and, in Q. ilex, also more glutathione (1634 vs. 1393 nmol g 1 dw). When acorns were germinated and seedlings grown under ambient air conditions in the Botanical Garden in Graz for one year, leaves of Q. pubescens grown from CO2 spring acorns showed signiﬁcantly higher S-concentrations than leaves grown from control acorns (2.27 mg g 1 vs. 1.56 mg g 1 dw), and those of Q. ilex higher glutathione concentrations (929 vs. 462 nmol g 1 dw, CO2 spring vs. control acorns). One-year-old Q. ilex seedlings grown from CO2 spring acorns also showed elevated rates of chromosomal aberrations in root tips (a widely used test for environmental impacts), suggesting a permanent stress situation of the seedlings originating from the CO2 springs.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">García, D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rodríguez, J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sanz, J M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Merino, J</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Response of two populations of holm oak (Quercus rotundifolia Lam.) to sulfur dioxide.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecotoxicology and environmental safety</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adaptation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Air Pollutants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Air Pollutants: adverse effects</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">air pollution</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">biomass</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Environment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GROWTH RATE</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">photosynthesis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Photosynthesis: physiology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physiological</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant physiology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pollutants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus rotundifolia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sulfur Dioxide</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sulfur Dioxide: adverse effects</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sulphur dioxide</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trees</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trees: drug effects</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trees: genetics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trees: physiology</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1998</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">40</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">42-48</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Experiments were carried out with seedlings of Quercus rotundifolia Lam., an evergreen schlerophyllous tree typical of the Spanish Mediterranean climate environments. Fruits were collected in two distant (800 km) populations located in the center (southern Spain) and northern border (northern Spain) of the area of distribution of the species. One-month-old potted plants were grown for 130 days in an enriched atmosphere of SO2 (0.23 ppm, 14 h/day) in controlled (growth chamber) conditions. Both northern and southern plants underwent a significant decrease in growth rate as a consequence of the treatment. Even so, plants appear to be quite resistant to SO2 compared with either more temperate or more productive species. The southern population was more sensitive to the treatment, as reflected by the bigger decrease in both growth and photosynthetic rates. Differences in resistance appear to be related to the biogeographic origin of the populations studied, which underlines the importance of biogeographic aspects in studies of resistance to air pollutants.</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9626534</style></accession-num></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">García, D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rodríguez, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sanz, J. M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Merino, J.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Response of two populations of holm oak (Quercus rotundifolia Lam.) to sulfur dioxide.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecotoxicology and environmental safety</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adaptation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Air Pollutants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Air Pollutants: adverse effects</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">air pollution</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">biomass</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Environment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GROWTH RATE</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">photosynthesis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Photosynthesis: physiology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physiological</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant physiology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pollutants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus rotundifolia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sulfur Dioxide</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sulfur Dioxide: adverse effects</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sulphur dioxide</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trees</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trees: drug effects</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trees: genetics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trees: physiology</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1998</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1998///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9626534</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">40</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">42 - 48</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Experiments were carried out with seedlings of Quercus rotundifolia Lam., an evergreen schlerophyllous tree typical of the Spanish Mediterranean climate environments. Fruits were collected in two distant (800 km) populations located in the center (southern Spain) and northern border (northern Spain) of the area of distribution of the species. One-month-old potted plants were grown for 130 days in an enriched atmosphere of SO2 (0.23 ppm, 14 h/day) in controlled (growth chamber) conditions. Both northern and southern plants underwent a significant decrease in growth rate as a consequence of the treatment. Even so, plants appear to be quite resistant to SO2 compared with either more temperate or more productive species. The southern population was more sensitive to the treatment, as reflected by the bigger decrease in both growth and photosynthetic rates. Differences in resistance appear to be related to the biogeographic origin of the populations studied, which underlines the importance of biogeographic aspects in studies of resistance to air pollutants.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1-2</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;accession-num: 9626534</style></notes></record></records></xml>