<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">do Rosario, Ines T.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rebelo, Rui</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cardoso, Paulo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Segurado, Pedro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mendes, Ricardo N.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Santos-Reis, Margarida</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Can geocaching be an indicator of cultural ecosystem services? The case of the montado savannah-like landscape</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecological Indicators</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Crowdsourcing databases</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">iberian peninsula</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">land use</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">spatial analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stated and revealed preferences</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">04/2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1470160X18309361</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">99</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cultural Ecosystem Services (CES) are difficult to assess and are seldom considered by land managers. Geocaching, an outdoor game that uses Global Positioning System (GPS) enabled devices to find hidden containers (geocaches) in certain locations, has been seldom used as a data source to assess CES. However, contrary to other crowdsourcing databases, geocaching allows to associate particular experiences to accurate locations. Furthermore, databases generated by geocachers provide an ideal case to compare revealed preferences (the frequency of visits to a specific geocache) with stated preferences (a posteriori evaluation of each location). We tested the relevance of geocaching databases as CES indicators using a dataset of 50 818 geocaches spread across continental Portugal, over eight land-use classes, with a focus on the montado (a high nature value farmland found in Southwestern Iberian Peninsula). We found that site visitation frequency was related with its availability, showing no revealed preference towards any land use. However, site evaluations by geocachers, measured either through the number of words describing the experience, the number of photos taken, or the number of votes for “favourite geocaches”, showed marked differences in their stated preferences, with higher appreciation for open land uses in general, and montado in particular, especially when compared to other forested landscapes. Our results may contribute to the design of regional development and land-use management policies of this threatened landscape, since they show the system’s strong potential as CES provider and, consequently, promoter of diversification of activities.</style></abstract><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">375</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ribeiro, Manuel Castro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pinho, Pedro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Llop, Esteve</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Branquinho, Cristina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sousa, António Jorge</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pereira, Maria João</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Castro, Manuel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jorge, António</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">João, Maria</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Multivariate geostatistical methods for analysis of relationships between ecological indicators and environmental factors at multiple spatial scales</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecological Indicators</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">biomonitoring</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">linear model of coregionalization</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Multivariate geostatistics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">spatial analysis</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elsevier Ltd</style></publisher><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">29</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">339-347</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">As all biodiversity-related variables, ecological indicators are influenced by environmental factors working at different spatial scales. However, assessing the relationship between environmental factors and ecological indicators is limited to a set of spatial scales determined a priori. This a priori assumption can hide important relationships, especially for ecological indicators with a complex spatial structure that can be driven, for example, by the influence of multiple pollutants with different dispersion ranges or by the influence of local and regional factors such as land-cover and climate. To relate ecological indicators and environmental factors without assuming a priori spatial scales of analysis, we used a Linear Model of Coregionalization. This method has been used in literature to analyze the joint distribution of biodiversity variables. Here we show that it can be used to gain insight into spatial patterns of relationships between ecological indicators and underlying environmental factors. We applied this method to a region of south-west Europe, relating data from land-cover, altitude and climate with an ecological indicator, the abundance of fruticose lichen species, known to be very sensitive to multiple environmental factors. Based on variogram analysis we identified distinct spatial scales of relationships between the ecological indicator and environmental factors. For each spatial scale we described relationships using Principal Component Analysis applied to the coregionalization matrices. This way we could assess how strong the relationship between each environmental factor and ecological indicator at each spatial scale was: at medium scales (c. 15 km) open spaces areas (a proxy for particle emissions) were more important; at larger scales (c. 45 km) open spaces, artificial areas (a proxy for gaseous pollutants) and also climate were preponderant. Thus, multivariate geostatistics provided a tool to improve knowledge on relationships between ecological indicators and environmental factors at multiple spatial scales without setting a priori spatial scales of analysis.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pinho, Pedro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dias, Teresa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cruz, Cristina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sim Tang, Y</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sutton, Mark A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Martins-Loução, Maria-Amélia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Máguas, Cristina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Branquinho, Cristina</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Using lichen functional diversity to assess the effects of atmospheric ammonia in Mediterranean woodlands</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Applied Ecology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agriculture</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">atmospheric NH3</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">biodiversity loss</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cattle</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecological indicators</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Global change</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">spatial analysis</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Blackwell Publishing Ltd</style></publisher><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">48</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1107-1116</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1. Atmospheric ammonia (NH3) is one of the main drivers for ecosystem changes world-wide, including biodiversity loss. Modelling its deposition to evaluate its impact on ecosystems has been the focus of many studies. For that, universal indicators are needed to determine and compare the early effects of NH3 across ecosystems. 2. We evaluate the effects of atmospheric NH3 in ecosystems using lichens, which are one of the most sensitive communities at the ecosystem level. Rather than measuring total diversity, we use a functional diversity approach because this is potentially a more universal tool. 3. We evaluated the spatial and temporal patterns of atmospheric NH3 concentrations ([NH3]atm) emitted from a point-source over a 1-year period in a cork oak Mediterranean woodland. We observed a temporal pattern of [NH3]atm, with maximum concentrations during autumn. 4. The distribution of lichen species was c. 90% explained by [NH3]atm. The tolerance of lichen species to atmospheric NH3, based on expert knowledge from literature, was tested for the first time against direct measurements of atmospheric NH3. Most species were well classified, with the exception of Lecanora albella and Chrysothrix candelaris, which were more tolerant than expected. Our updated lichen classification can be used to establish lichen functional groups that respond to atmospheric NH3, and these can be used in other Mediterranean countries. 5. Increasing [NH3]atm led to a complete replacement of oligotrophic by nitrophytic species within 65 m of the NH3 source. The geostatistical analysis of functional diversity variables yielded a spatial model with low non-spatial variance, indicating that these variables can cope robustly with high spatial variation in NH3. 6. Synthesis and applications. Our results support the use of functional diversity variables, such as a lichen diversity value, as accurate and robust indicators of the effects of atmospheric NH3 on ecosystems. The spatial modelling of these indicators can provide information with high spatial resolution about the effects of atmospheric NH3 around point- and diffuse sources. As this methodology is based on functional groups, it can be applied to monitor both the impact of atmospheric NH3 and the success of mitigation strategies.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hidalgo, P J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marín, J M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quijada, J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moreira, J M</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A spatial distribution model of cork oak (Quercus suber) in southwestern Spain: A suitable tool for reforestation</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Forest Ecology and Management</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">binary logistic regression</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">climatic modeling</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cork oak</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus suber</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reforestation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">spatial analysis</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">255</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">25-34</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cork oak (Quercus suber) is an evergreen tree characterized by a thick bark, which grows in Mediterranean schlerophyllous forests. It is most prevalent in the southwestern Iberian Peninsula. Despite the potential of the province of Huelva (southwestern Spain) to maintain mature forests of cork oak, the tree has been severely depleted and most forests have either disappeared or are seriously threatened. This paper presents a spatial distribution model of cork oak for the province of Huelva with a view to determining the optimal areas for reforestation. The model draws on all available digital cartographic information with respect to cork oak distribution: topographic data (altitude, slope and orientation) were obtained from a Digital Terrain Model (20 m scale); rainfall, temperature and PET models were based on data collected from a network of meteorological stations; litologic data derive from the litologic map of Huelva (1:100,000). The result of this work is a mesh of points at a resolution of 100 m, sufﬁcient to meet the needs of any kind of reforestation or management programmes in the area studied. Each point of this mesh contains the corresponding values for bioclimatic, topographic and litologic variables in a georeferenced data matrix. The independent variables responsible for cork oak distribution (binary dependent variables) were then identiﬁed by means of binary logistic regression analysis. North-facing slopes, abundant annual rainfall and litology were the main explaining variables. The spatial distribution model was produced by applying the formula obtained to spatial analysis software. This model is proposed as a basis for future reforestation plans, especially in those areas most affected by forest ﬁres.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lookingbill, T. R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zavala, M. A.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spatial pattern of Quercus ilex and Quercus pubescens recruitment in Pinus halepensis dominated woodlands</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Vegetation Science</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mediterranean forest</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Monte Carlo simulation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nearest neighbour analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nurse effect</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ripley's K-analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">spatial analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">succession</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2000</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2000///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3246590</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">607 - 612</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abstract. European Mediterranean landscapes have undergone changes in structure in recent years as a result of widespread agricultural land abandonment and cessation of silvicultural regimes. Studies concerning the regeneration dynamics of dominant forest species have become critical to the prediction of future landscape trends in these changing forest stands. Quercus ilex (holm oak) and Q. pubescens (downy oak) are considered to be the terminal point of secondary succession in extensive areas of the Mediterranean region. Recent studies, however, have suggested the existence of recruitment bottlenecks in oak genet populations as a result of current management regimes. In this study, we present evidence of the successful establishment of Q. ilex and Q. pubescens in Pinus halepensis (Aleppo pine) woodlands. We investigate the distribution patterns and spatial relationships among oak recruits and resident pines. Established P. halepensis is randomly distributed throughout the study area. Oak seedlings are positively associated with pine trees, suggesting that P. halepensis individuals provide safe sites for oak genet recruitment. We show that spatial patterns of recruitment are in agreement with the general model of spatial segregation described for other Mediterranean plant communities, with seeder species colonizing large openings after disturbance, followed by a more aggregated recruitment of resprouter species.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;publisher: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</style></notes></record></records></xml>