<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ibáñez, J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Contador, J F Lavado</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schnabel, S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fernández, M Pulido</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valderrama, J Martínez</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A model-based integrated assessment of land degradation by water erosion in a valuable Spanish rangeland</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Environmental Modelling &amp; Software</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dehesa rangeland</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Integrated assessment model</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Land degradation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">soil erosion</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">System dynamics</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elsevier Ltd</style></publisher><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">55</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">201-213</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">This paper presents an integrated assessment model aimed at evaluating land degradation by water erosion in dehesa rangelands in the Iberian Peninsula. The model is built following the system dynamics approach. The degradation risk is likened to the probability of losing a certain amount of soil within a number of years, as estimated over a great number of stochastic simulations. Complementary indicators are the average times needed to lose different amounts of soil over the simulations. A group of exogenous factors are ranked in order of importance. These factors are mainly climatic and economic and potentially affect soil erosion. Calibration is carried out for a typical dehesa defined over 22 working units selected from 10 representative farms distributed throughout the Spanish region of Extremadura. The degradation risk turns out to be moderate. The importance of climatic factors on soil erosion considerably exceeds that of those linked to human activities.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vidal-Legaz, Beatriz</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Martínez-Fernández, Julia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Picón, Andrés Sánchez</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pugnaire, Francisco I</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trade-offs between maintenance of ecosystem services and socio-economic development in rural mountainous communities in southern Spain: A dynamic simulation approach</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Environmental Management</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Land use change</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rural management</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">System dynamics</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">131</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">280-297</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mountainous rural communities have traditionally managed their land extensively, resulting in land uses that provide important ecosystem services for both rural and urban areas. Over recent decades, these communities have undergone drastic changes in economic structure, population size and land use. Our understanding of the exact mechanisms that drive these changes is limited, and there is also a lack of integrative approaches to enable decision makers to steer rural development towards a more sustainable path. In this study, we build a dynamic simulation model to calculate the trade-offs between the pro- visions of two ecosystem services e landscape aesthetic value and water supply for human use e and the economic development associated with different land use changes. The study area for the simulation comprises two rural communities located in southern Spain. Our results show trade-offs between eco- nomic development and the provision of the selected ecosystemservices in the selected study area. Land use intensification results in economic development but is not enough to prevent population loss and has a negative impact on both the water supply and on aesthetic services.We conclude that more proactive management policies are needed to mitigate a loss in ecosystem services. Simulation models like ours may facilitate the choice of these policies, as they could test the result of land use planning policies contributing therefore, to a more integrative and sustainable management of rural communities.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Incerti, Guido</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bonanomi, Giuliano</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Giannino, Francesco</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rutigliano, Flora Angela</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Piermatteo, Daniela</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Castaldi, Simona</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">De Marco, Anna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fierro, Angelo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fioretto, Antonietta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maggi, Oriana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Papa, Stefania</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Persiani, Anna Maria</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Feoli, Enrico</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">De Santo, Amalia Virzo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mazzoleni, Stefano</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Litter decomposition in Mediterranean ecosystems: Modelling the controlling role of climatic conditions and litter quality</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Applied Soil Ecology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">C model</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">C/N ratio</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Initial C pools</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">process-based model</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Semi-arid ecosystems</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">System dynamics</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elsevier B.V.</style></publisher><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">49</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">148-157</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A new process-based model of litter decomposition, characterized by detailed climatic data input and simple litter quality parameters, is proposed. Compared to existing litter carbon models, speciﬁc implementations for temperature and moisture limiting effects have been adopted. The model is capable to represent decomposition processes in Mediterranean ecosystems, with summer drought slowing down, even at optimal temperatures, the litter decay rates of sclerophyll plants whose leaf masses are rich in structural compounds and low in N content. The model was calibrated by a best ﬁtting procedure of two different datasets. First, unpublished results of litterbag experiments on leaf litter of 9 Mediterranean species, decomposing under controlled and not limiting temperature and water conditions, have been used to estimate the decay rate dependency from litter quality that was deﬁned by only three initial C pools (labile, stable and recalcitrant compounds) instead of traditional N-based indices. Second, a set of published data from three medium-term ﬁeld experiments on a single species, Phillyrea angustifolia, decomposing under different climatic conditions, have been used to estimate the limiting effects of temperature and moisture. The model was then validated against published data on seven other species and showed a correct reproduction ofthemajor patterns of littermass loss during decomposition processes of other seven different Mediterranean species. The model simulations, satisfactory for different litter types under a wide range of climatic conditions, suggest that factors which were not taken into account, such as initial litter N contents, microclimatic variations related to stand structure, soil chemistry and texture, and microbial communities, are not very signiﬁcant for assessing decomposition dynamics in Mediterranean ecosystems. The minimal requirements of input data, the simple structure, and the easiness of parameterisation make our model, among the many other available litter carbon models, an attractive alternative for different research purposes, at least for Mediterranean ecosystems.</style></abstract></record></records></xml>