<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coll, Lluís</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">González-Olabarria, José Ramón</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mola-Yudego, Blas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pukkala, Timo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Messier, Christian</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Predicting understory maximum shrubs cover using altitude and overstory basal area in different Mediterranean forests</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">European Journal of Forest Research</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">á altitude á</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">á fagaceae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Altitude</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Basal area</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">e47</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">european network for forest</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fagaceae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Overstory</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">overstory á basal area</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pinaceae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shrub cover</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">shrub cover á pinaceae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">the cost action</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">the final conference of</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">this article originates from</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">vegetation management</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.springerlink.com/index/10.1007/s10342-010-0395-yhttp://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10342-010-0395-y</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">130</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">55 - 65</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In some areas of the Mediterranean basin where the understory stratum represents a critical ﬁre hazard, managing the canopy cover to control the understory shrubby vegetation is an ecological alternative to the current mechanical management techniques. In this study, we determine the relationship between the overstory basal area and the cover of the understory shrubby vegetation for different dominant canopy species (Pinaceae and Fagaceae species) along a wide altitudinal gradient in the province of Catalonia (Spain). Analyses were conducted using data from the Spanish National Forest Inventory. At the regional scale, when all stands are analysed together, a strong negative relationship between mean shrub cover and site elevation was found. Among the Pinaceae species, we found fairly good relationships between stand basal area and the maximum development of the shrub stratum for species located at intermediate elevations (Pinus nigra, Pinus sylvestris). However, at the extremes of the elevationclimatic gradient (Pinus halepensis and Pinus uncinata stands), stand basal area explained very little of the shrub cover variation probably because microsite and topographic factors override its effect. Among the Fagaceae species, a negative relationship between basal area and the maximum development of the shrub stratum was found in Quercus humilis and Fagus sylvatica dominated stands but not in Quercus ilex. This can be due to the particular canopy structure and management history of Q. ilex stands. In conclusion, our study revealed a marked effect of the tree layer composition and the environment on the relationship between the development of the understory and overstory tree structure. More ﬁne-grained studies are needed to provide forest managers with more detailed information about the relationship between these two forest strata.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hättenschwiler, S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Miglietta, F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Raschi, A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Körner, C</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thirty years of in situ tree growth under elevated CO2: a model for future forest responses?</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Basal area</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dendrochronology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">forest regeneration</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mediterranean forests</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">natural CO2 springs</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus ilex</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tree ring</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">water relations</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1997</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0NE</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">463-471</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rising concentrations of atmospheric carbon dioxide have been predicted to stimulate the growth of forest trees. However, long-term effects on trees growing to maturity and to canopy closure while exposed to elevated CO2 have never been examined. We compared tree ring chronologies of Mediterranean Quercus ilex which have been continuously exposed to elevated CO2 (around 650 mu mol mol(-1)) since they were seedlings, near two separate natural CO2 springs with those from trees at nearby ambient-CO2 `control' sites. Trees grown under high CO2 for 30 years (1964-93) showed a 12% greater final radial stem width than those growing at the ambient-CO2 control sites. However, this stimulation was largely due to responses when trees were young. By the time trees were 25-30 y old the annual difference in tree ring width between low and high CO2 grown trees had disappeared. At any given tree age, elevated CO2 had a relatively greater positive effect on tree ring width in years with a dry spring compared to years with more rainfall between April and May. This indicates a beneficial effect of elevated CO2 on tree water relations under drought stress. Our data suggest that the early regeneration phase of forest stands can be accelerated in CO2-enriched atmospheres and that maximum biomass per land area may be reached sooner than under lower CO2 concentrations. In our study, high CO2 grown Q. ilex trees reached the same stem basal area at the age of 26 y as control trees at 29 y,i.e. three years earlier (faster turnover of carbon?). Reliable predictions of the future development of forests need to account for the variable responses of trees over their entire lifetime. Such responses to elevated CO2 can presently only be assessed at such unique field sites.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>3</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gracia, Marc</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Retana, Javier</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Espelta, Josep Maria</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gené, Caries</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CARACTERIZACION ESTRUCTURAL DE LOS ENCINARES DE CATALUÑA Marc</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Congreso Forestal Español, Lourizán - Pontevedra. 1993</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Basal area</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">density of stems</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Forest structure</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">holm-oak</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus ilex</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">size distri bu ti on</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1993</style></year></dates><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">377-379</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In this paper, a characterization of structure of holm-oak forests in the Northeastem Iberian Peninsula is proposed. The study is based on different features of these forests, both at the stand and at the individuallevel.</style></abstract></record></records></xml>