<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Penuelas, J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rico, L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ogaya, R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jump, A S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terradas, J</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Summer season and long-term drought increase the richness of bacteria and fungi in the foliar phyllosphere of Quercus ilex in a mixed Mediterranean forest</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant Biology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bacteria</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bacteria: genetics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bacteria: growth &amp; development</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bacterial</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bacterial TRF richness</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bacterial: genetics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biodiversity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">colonisation time</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DNA</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Drought</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Droughts</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">endophytes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">epiphytes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">foliar and epiphytic microbial diversity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">foliar phyllosphere</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fungal</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">fungal TRF richness</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fungal: genetics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">fungi</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fungi: genetics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fungi: growth &amp; development</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mediterranean Region</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant Leaves</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant Leaves: microbiology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polymorphism</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus: microbiology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Restriction Fragment Length</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seasonality</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seasons</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trees</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trees: microbiology</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Blackwell Publishing Ltd</style></publisher><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">565-575</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">We explored the changes in richness, diversity and evenness of epiphytic (on the leaf surface) and endophytic (within leaf tissues) bacteria and fungi in the foliar phyllosphere of Quercus ilex, the dominant tree species of Mediterranean forests. Bacteria and fungi were assessed during ontogenic development of the leaves, from the wet spring to the dry summer season in control plots and in plots subjected to drought conditions mimicking those projected for future decades. Our aim was to monitor succession in microbiota during the colonisation of plant leaves and its response to climate change. Ontogeny and seasonality exerted a strong influence on richness and diversity of the microbial phyllosphere community, which decreased in summer in the whole leaf and increased in summer in the epiphytic phyllosphere. Drought precluded the decrease in whole leaf phyllosphere diversity and increased the rise in the epiphytic phyllosphere. Both whole leaf bacterial and fungal richness decreased with the decrease in physiological activity and productivity of the summer season in control trees. As expected, the richness of epiphytic bacteria and fungi increased in summer after increasing time of colonisation. Under summer dry conditions, there was a positive relationship between TRF (terminal restriction fragments) richness and drought, both for whole leaf and epiphytic phyllosphere, and especially for fungal communities. These results demonstrate that changes in climate are likely to significantly alter microbial abundance and composition of the phyllosphere. Given the diverse functions and large number of phyllospheric microbes, the potential functional implications of such community shifts warrant exploration.</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">22289059</style></accession-num></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vazquez de Aldana, Beatriz R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zabalgogeazcoa, I�igo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Garcia Ciudad, Antonia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Garcia Criado, Balbino</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ergovaline occurrence in grasses infected by fungal endophytes of semi-arid pastures in Spain</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dehesa grasslands</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">endophytes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">epichloe</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ergovaline</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mycotoxins</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">neotyphodium</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2003</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2003///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/jsfa.1319</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">83</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">347 - 353</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">: Ergovaline is a mycotoxin produced by fungal endophytes belonging to Neotyphodium and Epichloe¨ spp in several host grass species. Owing to the production of this alkaloid, the ingestion of endophyte-infected grasses causes toxicosis in grazing animals. The aim of this work was to determine if ergovaline is produced in several grasses (Agrostis castellana Boiss and Reuter, Brachypodium phoenicoides (L) Roemer and Schultes, Dactylis glomerata L, Festuca arundinacea Schreb, Festuca arundinacea Schreb subsp fenas (Lag) Arcangeli, Festuca ovina L, Festuca rubra L, Holcus lanatus L and Lolium perenne L) infected by fungal endophytes in ‘dehesa’ pastures in Spain. Forage and seed samples of several ecotypes of these grass species were analysed for their ergovaline content by HPLC with ﬂuorescence detection. The ergovaline content ranged between 0.03 and 0.85mg g 1 in forage and 0.28 and 3.17mg g 1 in seed samples of F arundinacea, between 0.00 and 0.08mg g 1 in forage and 0.02 and 0.19mg g 1 in seed samples of F rubra, between 0.00 and 0.02mg g 1 in forage samples of H lanatus, and was 0.11mg g 1 in one ecotype of F ovina. All nine ecotypes of F rubra had ergovaline in seed samples, but in three ecotypes the alkaloid was not detected in forage samples. No ergovaline was detected in the other four endophyte-infected grasses analysed. The ergovaline content should be considered as an anti-quality parameter to be measured when the nutritional quality of these pastures is evaluated</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vazquez de Aldana, Beatriz R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zabalgogeazcoa, I�igo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Garcia Ciudad, Antonia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Garcia Criado, Balbino</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ergovaline occurrence in grasses infected by fungal endophytes of semi-arid pastures in Spain</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dehesa grasslands</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">endophytes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">epichloe</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ergovaline</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mycotoxins</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">neotyphodium</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2003</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">83</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">347-353</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">: Ergovaline is a mycotoxin produced by fungal endophytes belonging to Neotyphodium and Epichloe¨ spp in several host grass species. Owing to the production of this alkaloid, the ingestion of endophyte-infected grasses causes toxicosis in grazing animals. The aim of this work was to determine if ergovaline is produced in several grasses (Agrostis castellana Boiss and Reuter, Brachypodium phoenicoides (L) Roemer and Schultes, Dactylis glomerata L, Festuca arundinacea Schreb, Festuca arundinacea Schreb subsp fenas (Lag) Arcangeli, Festuca ovina L, Festuca rubra L, Holcus lanatus L and Lolium perenne L) infected by fungal endophytes in ‘dehesa’ pastures in Spain. Forage and seed samples of several ecotypes of these grass species were analysed for their ergovaline content by HPLC with ﬂuorescence detection. The ergovaline content ranged between 0.03 and 0.85mg g 1 in forage and 0.28 and 3.17mg g 1 in seed samples of F arundinacea, between 0.00 and 0.08mg g 1 in forage and 0.02 and 0.19mg g 1 in seed samples of F rubra, between 0.00 and 0.02mg g 1 in forage samples of H lanatus, and was 0.11mg g 1 in one ecotype of F ovina. All nine ecotypes of F rubra had ergovaline in seed samples, but in three ecotypes the alkaloid was not detected in forage samples. No ergovaline was detected in the other four endophyte-infected grasses analysed. The ergovaline content should be considered as an anti-quality parameter to be measured when the nutritional quality of these pastures is evaluated</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Collado, J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Platas, G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pelaez, F</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fungal endophytes in leaves, twigs and bark of Quercus ilex from Central Spain</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">NOVA HEDWIGIA</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">endophytes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">isolation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">microbial diversity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus ilex</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1996</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GEBRUDER BORNTRAEGER</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">JOHANNESSTR 3A, D-70176 STUTTGART, GERMANY</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">63</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">347-360</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fungal endophytes were isolated from leaves, twigs and bark discs of the main stem of 16 individuals of Quercus ilex at two sites in the forests of El Pardo, Madrid, central Spain. From 512 segments of each sample type, 1084 fungal isolates were obtained, distributed among 98 species of filamentous fungi, yielding about 21 species/tree. Four isolation media were tested, which showed different behaviour depending on the type of sample. The use of fungitoxic compounds, such as benomyl or cycloheximide, resulted in a decrease in the number of isolates and species recovered, especially from leaves. Most of the dominant fungal species were not isolated from the four media indistinctly, but were preferentially recovered from one of the media. Twigs exhibited a higher degree of fungal infection than bark discs and leaves. The mycota isolated from bark and twigs were more similar to each other than to the fungal populations recovered from leaves. The frequency of isolation of most of the dominant fungal species depended significantly upon the sample type. A Phoma sp. was the only taxon similarly distributed among the three sample types. The height from which the bark discs were removed also influenced the population recovered. Both sampling sites were similar with respect to the number of species recovered from twigs and bark discs, but differed in the number of species from leaves. As in other plant and non-plant fungal communities, the population recovered from Q. ilex was characterized by a few species which accounted for most of the isolates, and a much larger number of species present with low frequencies. Five species (Nodulisporium sp., Acremonium strictum and three Phoma-like coelomycetes) represented more than 50% of the whole isolates. Coelomycetous anamorphs of ascomycetes bearing small, hyaline ameroconidia, were the most abundant group of fungi, whereas teleomorphs were rarely seen.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Collado, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Platas, G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pelaez, F.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fungal endophytes in leaves, twigs and bark of Quercus ilex from Central Spain</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">NOVA HEDWIGIA</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">endophytes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">isolation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">microbial diversity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus ilex</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1996</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1996///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">63</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">347 - 360</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fungal endophytes were isolated from leaves, twigs and bark discs of the main stem of 16 individuals of Quercus ilex at two sites in the forests of El Pardo, Madrid, central Spain. From 512 segments of each sample type, 1084 fungal isolates were obtained, distributed among 98 species of filamentous fungi, yielding about 21 species/tree. Four isolation media were tested, which showed different behaviour depending on the type of sample. The use of fungitoxic compounds, such as benomyl or cycloheximide, resulted in a decrease in the number of isolates and species recovered, especially from leaves. Most of the dominant fungal species were not isolated from the four media indistinctly, but were preferentially recovered from one of the media. Twigs exhibited a higher degree of fungal infection than bark discs and leaves. The mycota isolated from bark and twigs were more similar to each other than to the fungal populations recovered from leaves. The frequency of isolation of most of the dominant fungal species depended significantly upon the sample type. A Phoma sp. was the only taxon similarly distributed among the three sample types. The height from which the bark discs were removed also influenced the population recovered. Both sampling sites were similar with respect to the number of species recovered from twigs and bark discs, but differed in the number of species from leaves. As in other plant and non-plant fungal communities, the population recovered from Q. ilex was characterized by a few species which accounted for most of the isolates, and a much larger number of species present with low frequencies. Five species (Nodulisporium sp., Acremonium strictum and three Phoma-like coelomycetes) represented more than 50% of the whole isolates. Coelomycetous anamorphs of ascomycetes bearing small, hyaline ameroconidia, were the most abundant group of fungi, whereas teleomorphs were rarely seen.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3-4</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;pub-location: JOHANNESSTR 3A, D-70176 STUTTGART, GERMANY&lt;br/&gt;publisher: GEBRUDER BORNTRAEGER</style></notes></record></records></xml>