<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ojea, Elena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ruíz-Benito, PALOMA</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markandya, Anil</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zavala, MIGUEL a</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wood provisioning in Mediterranean forests: A bottom-up spatial valuation approach</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Forest Policy and Economics</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Economic valuation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GIS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mediterranean forest</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Non-sustainable harvest</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sustainable harvest</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Timber provisioning</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1389934112000743</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">20</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">78 - 88</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The science of ecosystem services has evolved signiﬁcantly in the last decade following an increase in interest in the understanding and valuation of these services. Forests provide important ecosystem services that supply societal needs, such as timber, but this provision is not free of conﬂicts derived from the intensive management of forests. A GIS based approach using data from national forest inventories allows us to identify the provision of timber services and to conduct its valuation. The analysis includes a sample of 37,761 plots for 38 commercial tree species in the Spanish Mediterranean region, where we identify sustainable and nonsustainable forests in terms of harvesting intensities and value both the ﬂow of beneﬁts and their net present value. From the analysis we conclude that non-sustainable forests are providing higher economic returns than sustainable forests for most abundant tree species. However, when analysing long term trends, results show that sustainable forests yield higher economic beneﬁts. This latter perspective is preferred when looking at the value of timber as a provisioning service of forests. According to our results, if we wish to encourage sustainability we need to (a) get lower discount rates adopted for the private sector and (b) ensure longer time horizons.</style></abstract><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;publisher: Elsevier B.V.</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Belda, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Martinez-Perez, J. E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peiro, V.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seva, E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Argues, J.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Main landscape metrics affecting abundance and diversity of game species in a semi-arid agroecosystem in the Mediterranean region</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SPANISH JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">game community</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GIS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">hunting bags</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mediterranean agrosystem</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">semi-arid climate</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1197 - 1212</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hunting bags provide important information for conservation measures and wildlife management. This study is to assess relationships between landscape structure and game species. The community parameters (abundance, richness and diversity) and landscape/land use indices have been related, using GIS and statistical analysis, in the South-East of Spain (Marina Baja, Alicante). Game species richness (S) is determined by the presence of fruit groves (p = 0.001, R = 0.714) and landscape shape. The total density of species (TD) is influenced positively by fruit groves (p = 0.001, R = 0.783) and wooded shrublands (p = 0.002, R = 0.911), but is influenced negatively by urban areas (p &lt; 0.001, R = 0.844). Small game communities correlate to irrigated fruit (p = 0.002, R = 0.754) and dry vineyard (p = 0.021, R = 0.839) and also with the diversity landscape index (p = 0.029, R = 0.708). Big game density is positively related to holm oak (p = 0.018, R = 0.812) and dense pine forests (p = 0.001, R = 0.849) and also with the total area landscape index (p = 0.011, R = 0.921). Population control species prefer irrigated fruit (p &lt; 0.001, R = 0.775), fruit groves (p &lt; 0.001, R = 0.857) and irrigated vineyard (p = 0.017, R = 0.833) land uses. Our conclusion is that most game species presents a positive relation with landscape structure, such as fractal dimension and shape index, and traditional agriculture based on irrigated and dry fruit crops.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;pub-location: AUTOPISTA A-6, KM 7 5, MADRID, 28040, SPAIN&lt;br/&gt;publisher: SPANISH NATL INST AGRICULTURAL &amp; FOOD RESEARCH &amp; TECHNOLO</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fernandes, U.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Costa, M.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Potential of biomass residues for energy production and utilization in a region of Portugal</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biomass and Bioenergy</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biomass residues</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Energy potential</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GIS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pellets boiler</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0961953410000103</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">34</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">661 - 666</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">This article concentrates on the evaluation of the potential of biomass residues, both forest and agricultural residues, for energy production and utilization in a region of Portugal (Marva˜o). Marva˜o has been identiﬁed as an excellent region for the installation of smallscale biomass plants for heating purposes given the relatively high potential of biomass residues that it presents. The assessment of the potential of the biomass residues was carried out using Geographical Information Systems (GIS) database and statistical analysis. It was concluded that the annual biomass residues potential for Marva˜o is about 10,600 tonnes, which corresponds to an energy production potential of about 106,000 GJ per annum. In addition, to illustrate the potential of biomass residues for energy utilization in the region of Marva˜o, the heating system of a hotel located in Marva˜o village has been analyzed as a case study. It was concluded that the conversion of the existing fossil fuelbased heating system to a biomass-based system would have economical and environmental advantages for local investors.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;publisher: Elsevier Ltd</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hernando, Ana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tejera, Rosario</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Velazquez, Javier</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Núñez, María Victoria</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quantitatively defining the conservation status of Natura 2000 forest habitats and improving management options for enhancing biodiversity</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biodiversity and Conservation</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adaptive management</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Asexual regeneration</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cattle</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coppice forest</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GIS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mediterranean biogeographic region</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">oak</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus pyrenaica</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spain</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stand</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10531-010-9835-8http://www.springerlink.com/index/10.1007/s10531-010-9835-8</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">19</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2221 - 2233</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The main goal of Natura 2000 network is to guarantee the favourable conservation status of habitats and species ensuring European biodiversity. As a result, certain forest areas have been included in this network listed as 9230-Quercus pyrenaica habitat and 9340-Quercus ilex subsp. rotundifolia forest habitat. These areas were previously used for ﬁrewood extraction or livestock grazing and browsing. Nowadays these habitats are coppice forests with asexual regeneration, which is far from the desired conservation status. Traditional timber harvesting plans do not take account of the new objectives required for these Natura sites, which attempt to ensure biodiversity and recreational uses instead of simply focusing on timber production. This paper proposes a ﬂexible methodology (applied to the study area ‘‘Dehesa Boyal’’ in A´ vila, Spain) for managing Natura 2000 forest sites by stands for sustainable forest management and the new requirements. The methodology has two phases. The ﬁrst, ‘‘Division of the forest area into stands’’, deﬁnes homogeneous patches of vegetation distinct in species composition, physiognomic structure and future management. The second, ‘‘Conservation status assessment of stands’’, quantiﬁes the conservation status of each previously classiﬁed stand considering a series of factors such as: functional health, restoration, ﬂoral richness and structure. A total value integrating the conservation status of stands is then calculated for the habitat. Both phases use Geographic Information System tools for managing information and visualizing results. The proposed methodology provides forest managers with a good knowledge of the territory and subsequently enables them to take appropriate conservation measures to maintain biodiversity.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aguilera, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Espinar, C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ferrio, J. P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pérez, G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Voltas, J.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A map of autumn precipitation for the third millennium BP in the Eastern Iberian Peninsula from charcoal carbon isotopes</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Geochemical Exploration</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Drought</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GIS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Iron Age Cold Epoch</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Isoscape</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Late Holocene</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mediterranean climate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus ilex</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0375674208001404</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">102</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">157 - 165</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carbon isotope composition (δ 13 C) in tree-rings has become routinely used in palaeoclimatic research for the assessment of changes in plant water availability in seasonally dry climates. However, the distribution of long tree-ring records around the world is very limited. Alternatively, the original climate signal of wood δ 13 C is well preserved in fossil charcoal and, accordingly, charcoal δ 13 C can be used to quantify past changes in water availability (e.g. precipitation). We report a case study on spatial palaeoclimate reconstruction which aims to characterize the transition between Bronze and Iron Ages, the so-called Iron Age Cold Epoch (ca. 900– 300 BCE), using charcoals of Quercus ilex/coccifera from a set of 11 contemporary archaeological sites of eastern Spain. Climatic inferences were obtained after calibrating a linear model predicting seasonal precipitation from δ 13 C of Q. ilex wood samples obtained across a rainfall gradient. The best regression model corresponded to September–December (autumn) precipitation (Paut ), in agreement with the fact that Q. ilex is able to exploit previous-year water reserves thanks to very effective water uptake. Subsequently, we estimated Paut from the δ 13 C of fossil charcoal to infer spatial patterns in water availability. Overall, estimated past Paut was about 19% higher (296 mm) than present-time values averaged across archaeological sites (249 mm). However, a clear geographic pattern of differences in precipitation could be observed in which the inner continental regions of eastern Spain were characterized by more humid conditions in the past, whereas the coastal strip of the Mediterranean Sea barely differed in past and present Paut values. The quite uniform distribution of archaeological sites over eastern Spain allowed development of contour maps of absolute and relative (to present) past Paut using gridded interpolation methods implemented in a GIS, highlighting the potential of this approach for reconstructing high-resolution spatial patterns of past climate</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;publisher: Elsevier B.V.</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alpendre, Pedro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gonçalves, Ana Cristina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ferreira, Alfredo Gonçalves</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dias, Susana Saraiva</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Avaliação do Potencial de Actividades em Sistemas de Uso Múltiplo: Aptidão Forrageira</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Silva Lusitana</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">activités en systèmes d</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">aptitude de</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">evaluation du potentiel des</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">evaluation tool</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">forage aptitude</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">forest cover</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GIS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">les systèmes d</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">par la présence de</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">plusieurs cultures</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">production fourragère</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">résumé</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">soils</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">usage multiple</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">usage multiple sont caractérisés</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">37 - 54</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0870-6352 UL - http://www.scielo.gpeari.mctes.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0870-63522008000200003&amp;nrm=iso</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Multiple use systems are characterised by the presence of several cultures in a management unit. These cultures present their own characteristics and several productions, with different spatial and temporal arrangements. In Alentejo the most representative systems, in terms of area, are the &quot;montados&quot;, agro-silvo-pastoral systems, characterised by three main components, forest, agriculture and grazing, and the interrelations among them. In these systems the grazing component and, consequently, the pasture is a fundamental activity for the system maintenance/perpetuity. The goal of this study is to create a methodology that defines the forage aptitude of the &quot;montado&quot;, as function of the soil and forest cover. The utilisation of spatial analysis processes, in geographical information systems, allowed the development of an innovative methodology, constituting an evaluation and implementation information tool.</style></abstract><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;publisher: scielopt</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carmel, Yohay</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kadmon, Ronen</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effects of grazing and topography on long-term vegetation changes in a Mediterranean ecosystem in Israel</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant Ecology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">aerial photographs</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GIS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">landscape ecology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">regression model</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">spatial structure</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vegetation dynamics</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1999</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1999///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.springerlink.com/index/P38X4370L5853KKX.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">145</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">243 - 254</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The dynamics of Mediterranean vegetation over 28 years was studied in the Northern Galilee Mountains, Israel, in order to identify and quantify the major factors affecting it at the landscape scale. Image analysis of historical and current aerial photographs was used to produce high resolution digital vegetation maps (pixel size = 30 cm) for an area of 4 km2 in the Galilee Mountains, northern Israel. GIS tools were used to produce corresponding maps of grazing regime, topographic indices and other relevant environmental factors. The effects of those factors were quantiﬁed using a multiple regression analyses. Major changes in the vegetation occurred during the period studied (1964–1992); tree cover increased from 2% in 1964 to 41% in 1992, while herbaceous vegetation cover decreased from 56% in 1964 to 24% in 1992. Grazing, topography and initial vegetation cover were found to signiﬁcantly affect present vegetation patterns. Both cattle grazing and goat grazing reduced the rate of increase in tree cover, yet even intensive grazing did not halt the process. Grazing affected also the woody-herbaceous vegetation dynamics, reducing the expansion of woody vegetation. Slope, aspect, and the interaction term between these two factors, signiﬁcantly affected vegetation pattern. Altogether, 56% and 72% of the variability in herbaceous and tree cover, respectively, was explained by the regression models. This study indicates that spatially explicit Mediterranean vegetation dynamics can be predicted with fair accuracy using few biologically important environmental variables.</style></abstract></record></records></xml>