<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ceballos, Antonio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cerdà, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schnabel, Susanne</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">RUNOFF PRODUCTION AND EROSION PROCESSES ON A DEHESA IN WESTERN SPAIN*</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geographical Review</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dehesa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">erosion</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">land use</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">rainfall simulation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">runoff</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spain</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1931-0846.2002.tb00147.x/abstract</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">92</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">333 - 353</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Runoff generation and soil erosion were investigated at the Guadalperal6n ex- perimental watershed (western Spain), within the land-use system known as dehesa, or open, managed evergreen forests. Season and type of surface were found to control runoff and soil- loss rates. Five soil units were selected as representative of surface types found in the study area: hillslope grass, bottom grass, tree cover, sheep trails, and shrub cover. Measurements were made in various conditions with simulated rainfall to gain an idea of the annual varia- tion in runoff and soil loss. Important seasonal differences were noted due to surface cover and moisture content of soil, but erosion rates were determined primarily by runoff. Surfaces covered with grass and shrubs always showed less erosion; surfaces covered with holm oaks showed higher runoff rates, due to the hydrophobic character of the soils. Concentrations of runoff sediment during the siniulations confirmed that erosion rates at the study site de- pended directly on the sediment available on the soil surface</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>5</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alloza, J. A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vallejo, R.</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kepner, W. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rubio, Jose L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mouat, David A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pedrazzini, Fausto</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Restoration of burned areas in forest management plans</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Desertification in the Mediterranean Region. A …</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">degradation (voyant)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">desertification</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">erosion</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">fire</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">FOREST</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mediterranean</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Regeneration</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Restoration</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soil</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2006</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2006///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/1-4020-3760-0_22</style></url></web-urls></urls><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">475 - 488</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wildland fire is a major disturbance promoting landscape changes and triggering desertification processes in the Northern Mediterranean basin. Addressing that issue in the long term requires both fire prevention and pot-fire restoration measures. Post-fire restoration should mitigate ecosystem degradation, and improve ecosystem regeneration rate and quality. The impact of wildfires is especially acute in the transition between semi-arid and dry subhumid climates, where dry vegetation fuels facilitate fire spread and water shortage limits post-fire regeneration. In addition, the occurrence of torrential rains produces a high risk of post-fire flash-floods, especially in autumn after summer fires. The major objectives of post-fire restoration are soil and water conservation and increasing ecosystem resistance and resilience in front of fire. Post-fire restoration strategies are defined according to the degradation stage of the ecosystems and the recovery capacity of vegetation. Plant cover regeneration rate highly influence post-fire soil erosion and flooding risk. The abundance of woody resprouters is recognized in eastern Spain as a critical factor to ensure an efficient recovery of plant cover after fire. Post-fire restoration planning is addressed taking into account vegetation fragility to wildfires, together with soil erosion risk and soil moisture availability (physical features). Vegetation fragility is defined both in relation to spontaneous regeneration capacity of plant cover and in relation to the ability of keystone woody species topersist after fire. A synthetic indicator to asses wildland protection and restoration priorities in relation to wildland fires is developed by combining vegetation fragility and physical layers in a GIS. William G. Kepner, Jose L. Rubio, David A. Mouat &amp; Fausto Pedrazzini, eds. Desertification in the Mediterranean Region a Security Issue, : 475 © 2006 Springer. Printed in the Netherlands. 475–488.</style></abstract><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;periodical: Desertification in the Mediterranean Region. A …</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pardini, Giovanni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gispert, Maria</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dunjó, Gemma</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Runoff erosion and nutrient depletion in five Mediterranean soils of NE Spain under different land use.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Science of the total environment</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abandonment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">erosion</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">land management</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">nutrient availability</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nutrient losses</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">runoff</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sediment yield</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">soil properties</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">structure</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Water retention</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2003</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2003///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12798105</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">309</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">213 - 224</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">We investigated the influence of agricultural management and various plant covers related to the period of abandonment on soil properties, erosion and nutrient depletion in a typical Mediterranean area with sandy loam shallow soils. Cultivated soils (CS) with insufficient management, 5 year abandoned soils covered with meadow (A5), 25 year abandoned soils covered with dense scrubs (A25), 50 year abandoned soils covered with cork trees (A50) and soils in a 50 year pine reforested area (P50) were studied over a period of 6 months (May-October 1999). The soils were classified as Lithic Xerorthents. Both the differences in soil properties and response to rainfall events were mainly attributed to the different vegetation types and stages in land management. Principal components analysis (PCA) was performed on the results, by running the overall data determined after five rainfall events. The factors extracted by PCA of the samples by variables matrix represented the response of the environments to different rainfall intensities as a function of management or natural evolution after abandonment. CS environments showed the highest runoff and sediment yield as well as the highest amount of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and nitrogen in runoff water. The sequence of abandonment (A5, A25 and A50) showed approximately the same runoff production, whereas eroded sediments (ES) and DOC were inversely correlated. Organic carbon in the ES and DOC in runoff water always increased with the period of abandonment, which accounted for consistent nutrient depletion. Nevertheless, the A50 environment (dominated by Quercus suber) showed the best soil properties, whilst the A25 environment with dense cover of Cistus monspeliensis and Calicotome espinosa seemed to cause a worsening effect on the soil's physical and chemical properties. This is probably because these environments are more severely damaged by wild fire occurrence. In terms of sediment yield, the P50 environment followed CS environment, indicating that reforestation followed by insufficient forest management may negatively affect both soil properties and response to the erosive action of rainfall.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1-3</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;accession-num: 12798105</style></notes></record></records></xml>