<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Penuelas, J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Guenther, A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rapparini, F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Llusia, J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Filella, I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seco, R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Estiarte, M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mejia-Chang, M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ogaya, R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ibáñez, J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sardans, J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Castaño, L M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Turnipseed, A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Duhl, T</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Harley, P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vila, J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Estavillo, J M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Villanueva, S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Facini, O</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Baraldi, R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geron, C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mak, J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Patton, E G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jiang, X</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Greenberg, J</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Intensive measurements of gas, water, and energy exchange between vegetation and troposphere during the MONTES Campaign in a vegetation gradient from short semi-desertic shrublands to tall wet temperate forests in the NW Mediterranean basin</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Atmospheric Environment</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">aircraft</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boundary Layer</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CH4</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CO2</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evapotranspiration</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">green biomass</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">isoprene</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">lai</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Land Cover</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">latent heat</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">masts</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MEGAN</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Monoterpenes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">N2O</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">NDVI</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">O3</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">sensible heat</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tethered balloons</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vegetation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">vertical profiles</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">VOCs</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Submitted</style></year></dates><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abstract MONTES (“Woodlands”) was a multidisciplinary international field campaign aimed at measuring energy, water and especially gas exchange between vegetation and atmosphere in a gradient from short semi-desertic shrublands to tall wet temperate forests in NE Spain in the North Western Mediterranean Basin (WMB). The measurements were performed at a semidesertic area (Monegros), at a coastal Meditrerranean shrubland area (Garraf), at a typical Mediterranean holm oak forest area (Prades) and at a wet temperate beech forest (Montseny) during spring (April 2010) under optimal plant physiological conditions in driest-warmest sites and during summer (July 2010) with drought and heat stresses in the driest-warmest sites and optimal conditions in the wettest-coolest site. The objective of this campaign was to study the differences in gas, water and energy exchange occurring at different vegetation coverages and biomasses. Particular attention was devoted to quantitatively understand the exchange of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) because of their biological and environmental effects in the WMB. A wide range of instruments (GC-MS, PTR-MS, meteorological sensors, O3 monitors,…) and vertical platforms such as masts, tethered balloons and aircraft were used to characterize the gas, water and energy exchange at increasing footprint areas by measuring vertical profiles. In this paper we provide an overview of the MONTES campaign: the objectives, the characterization of the biomass and gas, water and energy exchange in the 4 sites-areas using satellite data, the estimation of isoprene and monoterpene emissions using MEGAN model, the measurements performed and the first results. The isoprene and monoterpene emission rates estimated with MEGAN and emission factors measured at the foliar level for the dominant species ranged from about 0 to 0.2 mg m-2 h-1 in April. The warmer temperature in July resulted in higher model estimates from about 0 to ca 1.6 mg m-2 h-1 for isoprene and ca. 4.5 mg m-2 h-1 for monoterpenes, depending on the site vegetation and footprint area considered. There were clear daily and seasonal patterns with higher emission rates and mixing ratios at midday and summer relative to early morning and early spring. There was a significant trend in CO2 fixation (from 1 to 10 mg C m-2 d-1), transpiration (from x 1 to 5 kg C m-2 d-1), and sensible and latent heat from the warmest-driest to the coolest-wettest site. The results showed the strong land-cover-specific influence on emissions of BVOCs, gas, energy and water exchange, and therefore demonstrate the potential for feed-back to atmospheric chemistry and climate.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Curiel Yuste, J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fernandez-Gonzalez, a.J. J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fernandez-Lopez, M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ogaya, R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Penuelas, J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sardans, J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lloret, F</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Strong functional stability of soil microbial communities under semiarid Mediterranean conditions and subjected to long-term shifts in baseline precipitation</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soil Biology and Biochemistry</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adaptation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CO2</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">diversity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Extreme events</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">functional stability</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mediterranean climate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soil bacterial communities</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elsevier Ltd</style></publisher><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">69</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">223-233</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abstract We investigated the effect of soil microclimate on the structure and functioning of soil microbial communities in a Mediterranean Holm-oak forest subjected to 10 years of partial rain exclusion manipulations, simulating average drought conditions expected in Mediterranean areas for the following decades. We applied a high throughput DNA pyrosequencing technique coupled to parallel measurements of microbial respiration (RH) and temperature sensitivity of microbial respiration (Q10). Some consistent changes in the structure of bacterial communities suggest a slow process of community shifts parallel to the trend towards oligotrophy in response to long-term droughts. However, the structure of bacterial communities was mainly determined by short-term environmental fluctuations associated with sampling date (winter, spring and summer) rather than long-term (10 years) shifts in baseline precipitation. Moreover, long-term drought did not exert any chronic effect on the functioning of soil microbial communities (RH and Q10), emphasizing the functional stability of these communities to this long-term but mild shifts in water availability. We hypothesize that the particular conditions of the Mediterranean climate with strong seasonal shifts in both temperature and soil water availability but also characterized by very extreme environmental conditions during summer, was acting as a strong force in community assembling, selecting phenotypes adapted to the semiarid conditions characterizing Mediterranean ecosystems. Relations of climate with the phylogenetic structure and overall diversity of the communities as well as the distribution of the individual responses of different lineages (genera) to climate confirmed our hypotheses, evidencing communities dominated by thermotolerant and drought-tolerant phenotypes.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Correia, A. C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Costa e Silva, F.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Correia, A. V.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hussain, M. Z.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rodrigues, A. D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">David, J. S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pereira, J. S.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carbon sink strength of a Mediterranean cork oak understorey: how do semi-deciduous and evergreen shrubs face summer drought?</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Vegetation Science</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cistus sp</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CO2</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eddy-covariance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">H2O</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mediterranean</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">partitioning</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shrubs</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ulex sp</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">up-scaling</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jvs.12102</style></url></web-urls></urls><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">n/a - n/a</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Questions How do semi-deciduous and evergreen shrubs exploit environmental resources during summer drought? What is the contribution of the understorey shrubby layer to ecosystem carbon assimilation? To what extent are carbon balance and transpiration impacted by a rain pulse? Location Cork oak open woodland in the Mediterranean region. Methods We used closed dynamic light and dark chambers to measure gas exchange (CO2 and H2O) in the dominant shrub understorey species Cistus salviifolius, Cistus crispus (semi-deciduous) and Ulex airensis (evergreen), together with plant physiological and morphological measurements during summer drought and autumn recovery. A hyperbolic light response model constrained by vapour pressure deficits was fitted for up-scaling shrub photosynthesis to the ecosystem level. The data were compared, on a daily and daytime basis, with gross primary productivity estimates from ecosystem eddy-covariance flux measurements. Results The onset of summer drought led to a significant leaf area reduction in semi-deciduous species. A general decrease in photosynthesis in all species was observed, while evapotranspiration and above-ground respiration fluxes contrasted among species during summer progression and autumn recovery. The shallow-rooted C. salviifolius was able to use light more efficiently than the other two species, although with poor stomatal control over water loss and consistently higher above-ground respiration rates, leading to lower water and carbon use efficiencies when compared with C. crispus. The deep-rooted shrub U. airensis maintained higher leaf water potentials and very low photosynthetic rates while decreasing transpiration rates throughout the summer drought. A summer rain pulse showed that shallow-rooted shrubs use water in an opportunistic way, with immediate leaf rehydration and concomitant photosynthesis increments. Conversely, deep-rooted shrubs (U. airensis) were unresponsive, only recovering photosynthesis with high soil water content. An opportunistic growth response may be disadvantageous to shallow-rooted shrubs in a future climate with extended dry summers and higher probability of rain pulse events. The prominent increase in transpiration rates and plant respiration costs observed during the dry conditions that followed the rain pulse, led to a reduced plant ability to recover after autumn rains. Conclusions The shrubs that naturaly colonized this montado understorey showed contrasting strategies to overcome summer drought, suggesting an efficient mosaic exploitation of seasonal environmental resources. The contribution of these shrubs to total ecosystem CO2 uptake during summer and autumn recovery was 17%. This high contribution implies that shrub density management decisions should consider a carbon balance perspective.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gaucherel, C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Guiot, J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Misson, L</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Changes of the potential distribution area of French Mediterranean forests under global warming</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biogeosciences</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">climate modeling (voyant)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CO2</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pinus halepensis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus ilex</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tree growth</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1493-1504</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">This work aims at understanding future spatial and temporal distributions of tree species in the Mediterranean region of France under various climates. We focused on two different species (Pinus Halepensis and Quercus Ilex) and compared their growth under the IPCC-B2 climate scenario in order to quantify signiﬁcant changes between present and future. The inﬂuence of environmental factors such as atmospheric CO2 increase and topography on the tree growth has also been quantiﬁed. We modeled species growth with the help of a processbased model (MAIDEN), previously calibrated over measured ecophysiological and dendrochronological series with a Bayesian scheme. The model was fed with the ARPEGE – MeteoFrance climate model, combined with an explicit increase in CO2 atmospheric concentration. The main output of the model gives the carbon allocation in boles and thus tree production. Our results show that the MAIDEN model is correctly able to simulate pine and oak production in space and time, after detailed calibration and validation stages. Yet, these simulations, mainly based on climate, are indicative and not predictive. The comparison of simulated growth at end of 20th and 21st centuries, show a shift of the pine production optimum from about 650 to 950 m due to 2.5 K temperature increase, while no optimum has been found for oak. With the direct effect of CO2 increase taken into account, both species show a signiﬁcant increase in productivity (+26 and +43% for pine and oak respectively) at the end of the 21st century. While both species have different growth mechanisms, they have a good chance to extend their spatial distribution and their elevation in the Alps during the 21st century under the IPCC-B2 climate scenario. This extension is mainly due to the CO2 fertilization effect.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gaucherel, C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Guiot, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Misson, L.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Changes of the potential distribution area of French Mediterranean forests under global warming</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biogeosciences</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">climate modeling (voyant)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CO2</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pinus halepensis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus ilex</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tree growth</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.biogeosciences.net/5/1493/2008/http://www.biogeosciences.net/5/1493/2008/bg-5-1493-2008.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1493 - 1504</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">This work aims at understanding future spatial and temporal distributions of tree species in the Mediterranean region of France under various climates. We focused on two different species (Pinus Halepensis and Quercus Ilex) and compared their growth under the IPCC-B2 climate scenario in order to quantify signiﬁcant changes between present and future. The inﬂuence of environmental factors such as atmospheric CO2 increase and topography on the tree growth has also been quantiﬁed. We modeled species growth with the help of a processbased model (MAIDEN), previously calibrated over measured ecophysiological and dendrochronological series with a Bayesian scheme. The model was fed with the ARPEGE – MeteoFrance climate model, combined with an explicit increase in CO2 atmospheric concentration. The main output of the model gives the carbon allocation in boles and thus tree production. Our results show that the MAIDEN model is correctly able to simulate pine and oak production in space and time, after detailed calibration and validation stages. Yet, these simulations, mainly based on climate, are indicative and not predictive. The comparison of simulated growth at end of 20th and 21st centuries, show a shift of the pine production optimum from about 650 to 950 m due to 2.5 K temperature increase, while no optimum has been found for oak. With the direct effect of CO2 increase taken into account, both species show a signiﬁcant increase in productivity (+26 and +43% for pine and oak respectively) at the end of the 21st century. While both species have different growth mechanisms, they have a good chance to extend their spatial distribution and their elevation in the Alps during the 21st century under the IPCC-B2 climate scenario. This extension is mainly due to the CO2 fertilization effect.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aranda, Xavier</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agustí, Cristina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Joffre, Richard</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fleck, Isabel</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Photosynthesis, growth and structural characteristics of holm oak resprouts originated from plants grown under elevated CO2</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physiologia Plantarum</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CO2</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elevated CO2</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fluorescence (voyant)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Growth</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">photosynthesis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Resprouts</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2006</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Blackwell Publishing Ltd</style></publisher><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">128</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">302-312</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The physiological characteristics of holm oak (Quercus ilex L.) resprouts originated from plants grown under current CO2 concentration (350 μl l−1) (A-resprouts) were compared with those of resprouts originated from plants grown under elevated CO2 (750 μl l−1) (E-resprouts). At their respective CO2 growth concentration, no differences were observed in photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters between the two kinds of resprout. E-resprouts appeared earlier and showed lower stomatal conductance, higher water-use efficiency and increased growth (higher leaf, stem and root biomass and increased height). Analyses of leaf chemical composition showed the effect of elevated [CO2] on structural polysaccharide (higher cellulose content), but no accumulation of total non-structural carbohydrate on area or dry weight basis was seen. Four months after appearance, downregulation of photosynthesis and electron transport components was observed in E-resprouts: lower photosynthetic capacity, photosystem II quantum efficiency, photochemical quenching of fluorescence and relative electron transport rate. Reduction in ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCo) activity, deduced from the maximum carboxylation velocity of RuBisCo, accounts for the observed acclimation. Increased susceptibility of photosynthetic apparatus to increasing irradiance was detected in E-resprouts.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aranda, Xavier</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agustí, Cristina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Joffre, Richard</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fleck, Isabel</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Photosynthesis, growth and structural characteristics of holm oak resprouts originated from plants grown under elevated CO2</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physiologia Plantarum</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CO2</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elevated CO2</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fluorescence (voyant)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Growth</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">photosynthesis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Resprouts</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2006</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2006///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.2006.00745.x</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">128</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">302 - 312</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The physiological characteristics of holm oak (Quercus ilex L.) resprouts originated from plants grown under current CO2 concentration (350 μl l−1) (A-resprouts) were compared with those of resprouts originated from plants grown under elevated CO2 (750 μl l−1) (E-resprouts). At their respective CO2 growth concentration, no differences were observed in photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters between the two kinds of resprout. E-resprouts appeared earlier and showed lower stomatal conductance, higher water-use efficiency and increased growth (higher leaf, stem and root biomass and increased height). Analyses of leaf chemical composition showed the effect of elevated [CO2] on structural polysaccharide (higher cellulose content), but no accumulation of total non-structural carbohydrate on area or dry weight basis was seen. Four months after appearance, downregulation of photosynthesis and electron transport components was observed in E-resprouts: lower photosynthetic capacity, photosystem II quantum efficiency, photochemical quenching of fluorescence and relative electron transport rate. Reduction in ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCo) activity, deduced from the maximum carboxylation velocity of RuBisCo, accounts for the observed acclimation. Increased susceptibility of photosynthetic apparatus to increasing irradiance was detected in E-resprouts.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;publisher: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>3</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">López, B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sabate, S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ruiz, I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gracia, C</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohren, GMJ and Kramer, K and Sabate, S</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effects of elevated CO2 and decreased water availability on holm-oak seedlings in controlled environment chambers</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">IMPACTS OF GLOBAL CHANGE ON TREE PHYSIOLOGY AND FOREST ECOSYSTEMS</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CO2</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">controlled environment chambers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus ilex</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1998</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SPRINGER</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">52</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">125-133</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0-7923-4921-0</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In Mediterranean ecosystems, water is an important limiting factor for&lt;br/&gt;plant growth. In addition to the increase in atmospheric CO2, some&lt;br/&gt;models predict increased drought in Mediterranean areas as a consequence&lt;br/&gt;of global change. Thus, to determine how increased atmospheric CO2&lt;br/&gt;interacts with increased water stress and affects Mediterranean plant&lt;br/&gt;growth is an important achievement. The present study analyses how helm&lt;br/&gt;oak (Quercus ilex L.) seedlings are affected by both elevated CO2 and&lt;br/&gt;increased water stress. The CO2 concentrations were supplied in&lt;br/&gt;controlled environment chambers (350 and 500 ppm CO2), and water stress&lt;br/&gt;was performed according to a Mediterranean pattern (Potential&lt;br/&gt;Evapotranspiration to Rainfall ratio). The increased water stress was&lt;br/&gt;attained by watering half of the Mediterranean reference pattern.&lt;br/&gt;Results show that the positive effects of elevated CO2 on photosynthesis&lt;br/&gt;and growth are counteracted by increased water stress.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tretiach, M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bolognini, G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rondi, A</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Photosynthetic activity of Quercus ilex at the extremes of a transect between Mediterranean and submediterranean vegetation (Trieste NE Italy)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">FLORA</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CO2</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">competition</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Drought stress</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gradient</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">photos</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1997</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GUSTAV FISCHER VERLAG</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">VILLENGANG 2, D-07745 JENA, GERMANY</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">192</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">369-378</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Microclimatic data and CO2 gas exchange rates were measured in the&lt;br/&gt;coastal area near Trieste (NE Italy) in two groups of plants rowing at&lt;br/&gt;the extremes of a floristic-vegetational gradient between an evergreen&lt;br/&gt;Mediterranean maquis on the coast and a winter deciduous&lt;br/&gt;submediterranean woodland on the Karst plateau, where Q. ilex persists&lt;br/&gt;only sporadically but is still a co-dominant tree.&lt;br/&gt;Field data were recorded from sunrise to sunset during the periods of&lt;br/&gt;highest productivity and of maximum physiological stress. i.e. high&lt;br/&gt;temperatures and water deficit in summer, and low temperatures and&lt;br/&gt;strong, dry winds in winter. Photosynthesis was measured with a portable&lt;br/&gt;Infrared Gas Analyzer.&lt;br/&gt;Microclimatic data showed that summer and winter stress were more&lt;br/&gt;intense on the Karst plateau. Assimilation of the coastal population was&lt;br/&gt;higher because a positive CO2 balance was maintained during both stress&lt;br/&gt;periods. During summer drought stress diurnal assimilation of the inland&lt;br/&gt;population was just in balance with nocturnal leaf respiration. In&lt;br/&gt;winter, on the contrary, photosynthetic activity ceased almost&lt;br/&gt;completely for almost a week, due to the lower temperature regime and to&lt;br/&gt;strong, dry winter winds that caused severe mechanical damages and, more&lt;br/&gt;generally, a drastic shortening of the leaf life span.&lt;br/&gt;The competition ability of Q. ilex in ecotonal areas is briefly&lt;br/&gt;discussed on the basis of these results. Winter stress seems to be the&lt;br/&gt;main factor limiting the distribution of Q. ilex northwards.</style></abstract></record></records></xml>