<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Palma, J H N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paulo, J a.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tomé, M</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carbon sequestration of modern Quercus suber L. silvoarable agroforestry systems in Portugal: a YieldSAFE-based estimation</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agroforestry Systems</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agricultural land</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">alley cropping</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dehesa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Land use change</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Modeling</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">montado</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">88</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">791-801</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Modern alley cropping designs, with trees aligned in rows and adapted to operating farming machinery, have been suggested for Europe. This paper explores the potential for adoption of cork oak (Quercus suber L.) agroforestry in Portugal and estimates the potential carbon sequestration. Spatial modeling and Portuguese datasets were used to estimate target areas where cork oak could grow on farmland. Different implementation scenarios were then modeled for this area assuming amodern silvoarable agroforestry system (113 trees ha-1 thinned at year 20 for establishing 50 trees ha-1). The YieldSAFE process-based model was used to predict the biomass and carbon yield of cork oak under low and high soil water holding capacity levels. Approximately 353,000 ha are available in Por- tugal for new cork oak alley cropping. Assuming implementation rates between 10 % of the area with low soil water capacity (60 mm: 15 cm depth, coarse texture) and70 %of the areawithhigh soilwaterholding capacity (1,228 mm: 200 cm depth, very fine texture), then carbon sequestration could be 5 9 106 and 123 9 106 Mg CO2 respectively. Due to higher yields on more productive land, scenarios of limited J. H. N. Palma (&amp;) ? J. A. Paulo ? M. Tome ´ FORCHANGE – Forest Ecosystems Management Under Global Change, Centro de Estudos Florestais, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal e-mail: joaopalma@isa.ulisboa.pt implementation implementation in high productivity locations can sequester similar amounts of carbon as wide implemen- tation on low productivity land, suggesting that a priori land classification assessments can improve the targeting of land and financial incentives for carbon sequestration.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nunes, J P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seixas, J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Keizer, J J</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Modeling the response of within-storm runoff and erosion dynamics to climate change in two Mediterranean watersheds: A multi-model, multi-scale approach to scenario design and analysis</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CATENA</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">climate change</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mediterranean watersheds</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Modeling</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">soil erosion</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">102</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">27-39</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Climate change in the Mediterranean is expected to lead to lower total rainfall and soil moisture, together with higher storm intensities; different vegetation types are expected to react positively or negatively to these and other changes. Climate change could therefore have positive or negative impacts on runoff and soil erosion during storms, and previous research has indicated that the impacts could be different at the field, hillslope and catchment scales. This problem was assessed for two Mediterranean watersheds by a combined application of the PROMES regional climate model, the SWAT continuous hydrological and vegetation model, and the MEFIDIS storm runoff and erosion model. PROMES results were used to estimate changes to storm rainfall intensity, while SWAT was applied with the PROMES results to estimate changes to soil moisture and saturation deficit, as well as vegetation cover. The results from both models were used to generate scenarios of changes to storm intensity (increasing), saturation deficit (increasing) and vegetation cover (increasing according to vegetation type). These scenarios were used as input for the MEFIDIS model to study the impacts of these changes on runoff and soil erosion across spatial scales for a set of storms. The simulation results indicate that (i) the increase in saturation deficit and vegetation cover is sufficient, in many cases, to decrease or counterbalance the impacts of increased storm intensity on soil erosion at all spatial scales; (ii) catchment sediment yield is noticeably more sensitive to the climate change scenarios than within-watershed soil erosion, mostly due to the impacts of changes to saturation deficit and vegetation cover on connectivity; (iii) within the watershed, impacts on soil erosion vary with landcover type, with croplands suffering the most negative impacts.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nunes, J. P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seixas, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Keizer, J. J.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Modeling the response of within-storm runoff and erosion dynamics to climate change in two Mediterranean watersheds: A multi-model, multi-scale approach to scenario design and analysis</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CATENA</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">climate change</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mediterranean watersheds</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Modeling</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">soil erosion</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0341816211000725</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">102</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">27 - 39</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Climate change in the Mediterranean is expected to lead to lower total rainfall and soil moisture, together with higher storm intensities; different vegetation types are expected to react positively or negatively to these and other changes. Climate change could therefore have positive or negative impacts on runoff and soil erosion during storms, and previous research has indicated that the impacts could be different at the field, hillslope and catchment scales. This problem was assessed for two Mediterranean watersheds by a combined application of the PROMES regional climate model, the SWAT continuous hydrological and vegetation model, and the MEFIDIS storm runoff and erosion model. PROMES results were used to estimate changes to storm rainfall intensity, while SWAT was applied with the PROMES results to estimate changes to soil moisture and saturation deficit, as well as vegetation cover. The results from both models were used to generate scenarios of changes to storm intensity (increasing), saturation deficit (increasing) and vegetation cover (increasing according to vegetation type). These scenarios were used as input for the MEFIDIS model to study the impacts of these changes on runoff and soil erosion across spatial scales for a set of storms. The simulation results indicate that (i) the increase in saturation deficit and vegetation cover is sufficient, in many cases, to decrease or counterbalance the impacts of increased storm intensity on soil erosion at all spatial scales; (ii) catchment sediment yield is noticeably more sensitive to the climate change scenarios than within-watershed soil erosion, mostly due to the impacts of changes to saturation deficit and vegetation cover on connectivity; (iii) within the watershed, impacts on soil erosion vary with landcover type, with croplands suffering the most negative impacts.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Büker, P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morrissey, T.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Briolat, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Falk, R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Simpson, D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tuovinen, J.-P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alonso, R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Barth, S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Baumgarten, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grulke, N.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Karlsson, P. E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">King, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lagergren, F.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Matyssek, R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nunn, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ogaya, R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Penuelas, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rhea, L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schaub, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Uddling, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Werner, W.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Emberson, L. D.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DO3SE modelling of soil moisture to determine ozone flux to forest trees</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DO3SE</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Drought (voyant)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Modeling</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">soil water</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stomatal conductance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stomatal ozone ﬂux</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/12/5537/2012/</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5537 - 5562</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The DO3SE (Deposition of O3 for Stomatal Exchange) model is an established tool for estimating ozone (O3) deposition, stomatal ﬂux and impacts to a variety of vegetation types across Europe. It has been embedded within the EMEP (European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme) photochemical model to provide a policy tool capable of relating the ﬂux-based risk of vegetation damage to O3 precursor emission scenarios for use in policy formulation. A key limitation of regional ﬂux-based risk assessments has been the assumption that soil water deﬁcits are not limiting O3 ﬂux due to the unavailability of evaluated methods for modelling soil water deﬁcits and their inﬂuence on stomatal conductance (gsto), and subsequent O3 ﬂux. This paper describes the development and evaluation of a method to estimate soil moisture status and its inﬂuence on gsto for a variety of forest tree species. This DO3SE soil moisture module uses the Penman-Monteith energy balance method to drive water cycling through the soil-plantatmosphere system and empirical data describing gsto relationships with pre-dawn leaf water status to estimate the biological control of transpiration. We trial four different methods to estimate this biological control of the transpiration stream, which vary from simple methods that relate soil water content or potential directly to gsto, to more complex methods that incorporate hydraulic resistance and plant capacitance that control water ﬂow through the plant system. These methods are evaluated against ﬁeld data describing a variety of soil water variables, gsto and transpiration data for Norway spruce (Picea abies), Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris), birch (Betula pendula), aspen (Populus tremuloides), beech (Fagus sylvatica) and holm oak (Quercus ilex) collected from ten sites across Europe and North America. Modelled estimates of these variables show consistency with observed data when applying the simple empirical methods, with the timing and magnitude of soil drying events being captured well across all sites and reductions in transpiration with the onset of drought being predicted with reasonable accuracy. The more complex methods, which incorporate hydraulic resistance and plant capacitance, perform less well, with predicted drying cycles consistently underestimating the rate and magnitude of water loss from the soil. A sensitivity analysis showed that model performance was strongly dependent upon the local parameterisation of key model drivers such as the maximum gsto, soil texture, root depth and leaf area index. The results suggest that the simple modelling methods that relate gsto directly to soil water content and potential provide adequate estimates of soil moisture and inﬂuence on gsto such that they are suitable to be used to assess the potential risk posed by O3 to forest trees across Europe.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rangel, N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pinho, C</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kinetic and diffusive data from batch combustion of wood chars in fluidized bed</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biomass and Bioenergy</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Experimental data</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fluidized bed combustion</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kinetic constant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Modeling</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wood char</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elsevier Ltd</style></publisher><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">35</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4124-4133</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In this work it is studied the combustion of batches of wood char particles in a shallow ﬂuidized bed at laboratory scale. Commercial and recarbonized chars from nut pine and cork oak parent woods were burned for bed temperatures of 600e750 C and particle sizes range of 1.8e3.6 mm. A combustion model based on the two-phase theory of ﬂuidization is presented to evaluate the global combustion resistance. Sherwood numbers and kinetic constants for the heterogeneous phase reaction are also assessed. Through the comparison among theoretical and experimental results, conclusions are drawn on the combustion mechanism as well as on the combustion controlling resistance. The Arrhenius law is proposed to predict the kinetic constants for the studied chars</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grilo, Clara</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bissonette, John a.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Santos-Reis, Margarida</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spatial–temporal patterns in Mediterranean carnivore road casualties: Consequences for mitigation</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biological Conservation</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meso-carnivores</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mitigation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Modeling</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Road ecology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Road-kill patterns</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">‘‘Montado’’ lands</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elsevier Ltd</style></publisher><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">142</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">301-313</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Many carnivores have been seriously impacted by the expansion of transportation systems and networks; however we know little about carnivore response to the extent and magnitude of road mortality, or which age classes may be disproportionately impacted. Recent research has demonstrated that wildlife–vehicle-collisions (WVC) involving carnivores are modulated by temporal and spatial factors. Thus, we investigated road mortality on a guild of small and medium-sized carnivores in southern Portugal using road-kill data obtained from a systematic 36 months monitoring period along highways (260 km) and national roads (314 km) by addressing the following questions: (a) which species and age class are most vulnerable to WVC? (b) are there temporal and/or spatial patterns in roadkill? and (c) which life-history and/or spatial factors inﬂuence the likelihood of collisions? We recorded a total of 806 carnivore casualties, which represented an average of 47 ind./ 100 km/year. Red fox and stone marten had the highest mortality rates. Our ﬁndings highlight three key messages: (1) the majority of road-killed individuals were adults of common species; (2) all carnivores, except genets, were more vulnerable during speciﬁc life-history phenological periods: higher casualties were observed when red fox and stone marten were provisioning young, Eurasian badger casualties occurred more frequently during dispersal, and higher Egyptian mongoose mortality occurred during the breeding period; and (3) modeling demonstrated that favorable habitat, curves in the road, and low human disturbance were major contributors to the deadliest road segments. Red fox carcasses were more likely to be found on road sections with passages distant from urban areas. Conversely, stone marten mortalities were found more often on national roads with high of cork oak woodland cover; Egyptian mongoose and genet road-kills were found more often on road segments close to curves. Based on our results, two key mitigation measures should help to reduce WVC in Portugal. The ﬁrst involves the improvement of existing crossings with buried and small mesh size fence to guide the individuals towards to the passages, in road segments with high trafﬁc volume (&gt;1200 vehicles/night) and located in preferred carnivore habitats. The second mitigation involves cutting or removal of dense vegetation in verges of road segments with curves to aid motorists in seeing animals about to cross.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grote, R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Niinemets, Ü</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Modeling volatile isoprenoid emissions – a story with split ends</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant Biology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BVOC emission</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Isoprenoids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Modeling</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scaling</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spatial variability</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">temporal variability</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Blackwell Publishing Ltd</style></publisher><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8-28</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Accurate prediction of plant-generated volatile isoprenoid fluxes is necessary for reliable estimation of atmospheric ozone and aerosol formation potentials. In recent years, significant progress has been made in understanding the environmental and physiological controls on isoprenoid emission and in scaling these emissions to canopy and landscape levels. We summarize recent developments and compare different approaches for simulating volatile isoprenoid emission and scaling up to whole forest canopies with complex architecture. We show that the current developments in modeling volatile isoprenoid emissions are “split-ended” with simultaneous but separated efforts in fine-tuning the empirical emission algorithms and in constructing process-based models. In modeling volatile isoprenoid emissions, simplified leaf-level emission algorithms (Guenther algorithms) are highly successful, particularly after scaling these models up to whole regions, where the influences of different ecosystem types, ontogenetic stages, and variations in environmental conditions on emission rates and dynamics partly cancel out. However, recent experimental evidence indicates important environmental effects yet unconsidered and emphasize, the importance of a highly dynamic plant acclimation in space and time. This suggests that current parameterizations are unlikely to hold in a globally changing and dynamic environment. Therefore, long-term predictions using empirical algorithms are not necessarily reliable. We show that process-based models have large potential to capture the influence of changing environmental conditions, in particular if the leaf models are linked with physiologically based whole-plant models. This combination is also promising in considering the possible feedback impacts of emissions on plant physiological status such as mitigation of thermal and oxidative stresses by volatile isoprenoids. It might be further worth while to incorporate main features of these approaches in regional empirically-based emission estimations thereby merging the “split ends”.</style></abstract></record></records></xml>