Predicting the natural vegetation in a region by comparing the pollen in two biological vectors: bryophytes and honey

The range of pollen that can be found around the city of Sigüenza has been analysed (La Alcarria, north-eastern region, Guadalajara, Spain), an area currently included in the territory comprising the Protected Origin Denomination ‘Miel de la Alcarria’. We studied the pollen recovered from two different types of biological sensors: bryophytes, live material used to study the recent pollen rain, and honey. The aim of this study was to try to establish the relationship between the pollen collected from both types of sensors and the existing natural vegetation in the area using comparative statistical methods. More than 7500 pollen grains were observed from the bryophyte samples and included 35 pollen types. Conversely, the pollen present in 37 honey samples contained 46 pollen types with a total of 46 000 pollen grains counted. The data presented in this study proves the relationship between the bryophyte pollen spectrum and the local vegetation present in a geographical area. However, it indicates that the pollen content in honey is a more effective measurement to determine spatial distribution of the plant species.We conclude that the pollen present in honey may better predict the vegetation in a region than that recovered from bryophytes.